Graft-versus-leukemia effect and its clinical implications

Leukemia and Lymphoma

Volumn 23, Issue 5-6, 1996, Pages 477-492

  Imamura, Masahiro ^a   Hashino, Satoshi ^a   Tanaka, Junji ^a  

^a HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Bone marrow transplantation; Clinical implications; Cytokines; Graft versus host disease (GVHD); Graft versus leukemia (GVL); Minimal residual disease

Indexed keywords

CYCLOSPORIN A; CYTOKINE; INTERLEUKIN 2; TACROLIMUS;

ALLOGENIC BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; CANCER RECURRENCE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DYSPNEA; EFFECTOR CELL; FEVER; GRAFT VERSUS HOST REACTION; GRAFT VERSUS LEUKEMIA EFFECT; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HYPOTENSION; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT; LEUKEMIA; LEUKOCYTE; MINIMAL RESIDUAL DISEASE; MOUSE; NATURAL KILLER CELL; NAUSEA; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION; THROMBOCYTOPENIA;

EID: 0030480279     PISSN: 10428194     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3109/10428199609054857     Document Type: Review

References (163)

1. Bortin, M. M., Rimm, A A. and Saltzstein, E. C. (1973) Graft versus leukemia: Quantification of adoptive immunotherapy in murine leukemia. Science. 179, 811-813.
2. Bortin, M. M , Rimm, A. A., Saltzstein, E. C and Rodey, G. E. (1973) Graft versus leukemia. III. Apparent independent antihost and antileukemic activity of transplanted immunocompetent cells. Transplantation, 16, 182-188.
3. Bortin, M. M., Rimm, A. A., Rose, W. C. and Saltzstein, B. C. (1974) Graft versus leukemia. V. Absence of antileukemic effect using allogeneic H-2-identical immunocompetent cells. Transplantation, 18, 280-283.
4. Chester, S. J., Esparza, A. R. and Albala, M. M. (1975) Treatment of an established graft-versus-host reaction in AKR mice by adoptive immunotherapy. Cancer Res., 35, 634-636.
5. Chester, S. J., Esparza, A. R., Flinton, L. J., Simon, J. D., Kelley, R. J. and Albata, M. M. (1977) Further development of a successful protocol of graft versus leukemia without fatal graft-versus-host disease in AKR mice. Cancer Res., 37, 3494-3496.
6. Barness, D. W. H., Corp, M. J. and Neal, F E. (1956) Treatment of murine leukemia with X rays and homologous bone marrow. Brit. Med. J., ii. 626-627.
7. Barness, D. W. and Loutit, J. F. (1957) Treatment of murine leukemia with X-rays and homologous bone marrow. II. Brit. J. Haematol., 3, 241-252.
8. De Vries, M. J. and Vos, O. (1958) Treatment of mouse lymphosarcoma by total-body X irradiation and by injection of bone marrow and lymph node cells. J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 21, 1117-1129.
9. Woodruff, M. F. A., Sywes, M. O. and Anderson, N. F. (1963) The effect of intraperitoneal injection of thoracic duct lymphocytes from normal and immunized rats in mice inoculated with the Landschutz ascites tumour. Brit. J. Cancer, 17, 482-487.
10. Woodruff, M. F. A., Symes, M. O. and Stuart, A. E. (1963) The effect of rats spleen cells on two transplanted mouse tumours. Brit. J. Cancer, 17, 320-327.
11. Wallis, V , Davies, A. J. S. and Koller, P. C. (1966) Inhibition of radiation-induced leukemia by the injection of haematopoietic tissue: A study of chimerism. Nature, 210, 500-504.
12. Alexander, P., Connell, D. I. and Mikulska, Z. B. (1966) Treatment of a murine leukemia with spleen cells or sera from allogeneic mice immunized against the tumor. Cancer Res., 26, 1508-1515.
13. Boranic, M. (1968) Transient graft-versus-host reaction in the treatment of leukemia in mice. J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 41, 421-437.
14. Boranic, M. and Tonkovic, I. (1971) Time pattern of the antileukemic effect of graft-versus-host reaction in mice. Cancer Res., 31, 1140-1147.
15. Mathé, G., Amiel, J. L., Schwarzenberg, L., Cattan, A. and Schneider, M. (1965) Adoptive immunotherapy of acute leukemia: Experimental and clinical results. Cancer Res., 25, 1525-1531.
16. Odom, L. F., August, C. S , Githens, J. H., Humbert, J. R., Morse, H , Peaman, D , Sharma, B., Rusnak, S. L. and Johnson, F. B (1978) Remission of relapsed leukemia during graft-versus-host reaction A "graft-versus-leukemia reaction" in man? Lancet, 2, 537-540.
17. Weiden, P. L., Flournoy, N., Thomas, E. D., Prentice, R , Fefer, A., Buckner, C. D. and Storb, R. (1979) Antileukemic effect of graft-versus-host disease in human recipients of allogeneic marrow grafts. New Engl. J. Med., 300, 1068-1073.
18. Weiden, P L , Sullivan, K. M., Flournoy, N., Storb, R. and Thomas, E. D. (1981) Antileukemic effect of chronic graft-versus-host disease. Contribution to improved survival after allogeneic marrow transplantation. New Engl. J. Med., 304, 1529-1532.
19. Korngold, R. and Sprent, J. (1978) Lethal graft-versus-host disease after bone marrow transplantation across minor histocompatibility barriers in mice. Prevention by removing mature T cells from marrow. J. Exp. Med., 148, 1687-1698
20. Mason, D. W. (1981) Subsets of Tcells in the rat mediating lethal graft-versus-host disease. Transplantation, 32, 222-226.
21. Vallera, D. A., Solderling, C. C. B. and Kersey, J. H. (1982) Bone marrow transplantation accros major histocompatibility barriers in mice Treatment of donor grafts with monoclonal antibodies directed against Lyt determinants. J. Immunol., 128, 871-875.
22. Kernan, N., Collins, N. H., Juliano, L., Cartagena, L., Dupont, B. and O'Reilly, R. J. (1986) Clonable T lumphocytes in T cell-depleted bone marrow transplants correlate with development of graft-versus-host disease. Blood, 68, 770-773
23. Horowitz, M. H., Gale, R. P., Sondel, P. M., Goldman, J. M., Kersey, J., Kolb, H-J., Rimm, A. A., Ringden, O., Rozman, C., Speck, B , Truitt, R. L., Zwaan, F. E. and Bortin, M. M. (1990) Graft-versus-leukemia reactions after bone marrow transplantation. Blood, 75, 555-562.
24. Roy, C., Ghayur, T., Kongshavn, P. A. L. and Lapp, W. S. (1982) Natural killer activity by spleen, lymphnode and thymus cells during the graft versus host reaction. Transplantation, 34, 144-146.
25. 1. J. Immunol., 131, 2101-2103.
26. Ghayur, T., Seemayer, T. A., Kongshavn, P. A. L., Gartner, J. G. and Lapp, W. S. (1987) Graft-versus-host reactions in the beige mouse. An investigation of the role of host and donor natural killer cells in the pathogenesis of graft-versus-host disease. Transplantation, 44, 261-267.
27. 1 recipient mice prior to irradiation and transfusion of parental spleen cells prevents mortality to acute graft-versus-host disease and induction of anti-host specific T cells. Clin. Exp. Immunol., 69, 652-659.
28. 1 cells of donor origin. Transplantation, 45, 586-590.
29. Ferrara, J L. M., Guillen, F. J., van Dijken, P. J., Marion, A., Murphy, G. F. and Burakoff, S. J. (1989) Evidence that large granular lymphocytes of donor origin mediate acute graft-versus-host disease. Transplantation, 47, 50-54.
30. Johnson, B D. and Truitt, R. (1992) A decrease in graft-versus-host disease without loss of graft-versus-leukemia reactivity after MHC matched bone marrow transplantation by selective depletion of donor NK cells in vivo. Transplantation, 54, 104-112.
31. 1 hybrid mice by pretreatment of the graft with anti-NK1.1 and complement. Transplantation, 54, 147-151.
32. Lapp, W. E., Ghayur, T., Mendes, M. and seddik, M. (1985) The functional and histological basis for graft-versus-host-induced immunosuppression. Immunol. Rev., 66, 107-134.
33. Xun, C., Brown, S. A., Jennings, C. D., Henslee-Downey, P J. and Thompson, J. S. (1993) Acute graft-versus-host-like disease induced by transplantation of human activated natural killer cells into SClD mice. Transplantation, 56, 409-417.
34. Xun, C. R., Thompson, J. S., Jennings, C. D. and Brown, S. A. (1995) The effect of human IL-2-activated natural killer and T cells on graft-versus-host disease and graft-versus-leukemia in SCID mice bearing human leukemic cells. Transplantation, 60, 821-827
35. Hoffmann, T., Theobald, M., Bunjes, D., Weiss, M., Heimpel, H. and Heit, W. (1993) Frequency of bone marrow T cells responding to HLA-identical non-leukemic and leukemic stimulator cells. Bone Marrow Transplant., 12, 1-8.
36. Datta, A. R., Barrett, A. J., Jiang, Y. Z., Guimaraes, A., Marvroudis, D. A., van Rhee, F., Gordon, A. A. and Madrigal, A. (1994) Distinct T cell populations distinguish chronic myeloid leukemia cells from lymphocytes in the same individual: a model for separating GVHD from GVL reactions. Bone Marrow Transplant., 14, 517-524.
37. Heslop, H. E., Duncombe, A. S., Reittie, J. E., Bello-Fernandes, C., Gottlieb, D. J., Prentice, H. G., Mehta, A. B., Hoffbrand, A. V. and Brenner, M. K. (1991) Interleukin 2 infusion induces haematopoietic growth factors and modifies marrow regeneration after chemotherapy or autologous marrow transplantation. Brit. J. Haematol., 77, 237-244.
38. Higuchi, C. M., Thompson, J. A., Petersen, F. B., Buchner, C. D. and Fefer, A. (1991) Toxicity and immunomodulatory effects of interleukin-2 after autologous bone marrow transplantation for hematologic malignancies. Blood, 77, 2561-2568.
39. Benyunes, M. C., Massumoto, C., York, A., Higuchi, C. M., Buckner, C. D., Thompson, J A., Petersen, F. B. and Fefer, A (1993) Interleukin-2 with or without lymphokine-activated killer cells as consolidate immunotherapy after autologous bone marrow transplantation for acute myelogenous leukemia. Bone Marrow Transplant., 12, 159-163
40. Benyunes, M. C., Higuchi, C., York, A., Lindgren, C., Thompson, J. A., Buckner, C. D. and Fefer, A. (1995) Immunotherapy with interleukin 2 with or without lymphokine-activated killer cells after autologous bone marrow transplantation for malignant lymphoma: a feasibility trial Bone Marrow Transplant , 16, 283-288.
41. Hashino, S., Imamura, M., Kobayashi, S., Kobayashi, H., Fujii, Y., Kobayashi, M., Hirano, S., Minagawa, T., Kasai, M., Sakurada, K. and Miyazaki, T. (1993) Systemic administration of IL-2 after autologous bone marrow transplantation. Therapeutic Plasmapheresis, 12, 383-387.
42. Hashino, S., Imamura, M., Kobayashi, S., Kobayashi, H., Tanaka, J., Kasai, M. and Miyazaki, T. (1993) Interleukin-2 therapy immediately after autologous marrow transplantation using cryopreserved marrow for a patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia. Low Temp. Med., 19, 36-41.
43. Tratkiewicz, J. A and Szer, J. (1990) Loss of natural killer activity as an indicator of relapse in acute leukemia. Clin. Exp. Immunol., 80, 241-246.
44. Adler, A., Cherknick, P., Whiteside, T. L., Lotzova, E. and Herberman, R. B. (1988) Interleukin-2 induction of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) activity in the peripheral blood and bone marrow of acute leukemia patients: I. Feasibility of LAK generation in adult patients with active disease and in remission. Blood, 71, 709-716
45. Verfaillie, C., Kay, N., Miller, W. and McGlave, P. (1990) Diminished A-LAK cytotoxicity and proliferation accompany disease progression in chronic myelogenous leukemia. Blood, 76, 401-408.
46. Reittie, J. E., Gottlieb, D., Heslop, H. E., Leger, O., Drezler, H. G., Hazlehurst, G., Hoffbrand, A. V., Prentice, H. G. and Brenner, M. K. (1989) Endogenously generated activated killer cells circulate after autologous and allogeneic marrow transplantation but not after chemotherapy. Blood, 73, 1351-1358.
47. Soiffer, R. J , Murray, C., Gonin, R. and Ritz, J. (1994) Effect of low-dose interleukin-2 on disease relapse after T-cell-depleted allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Blood, 84, 964-971
48. Cohen, P., Vourka-Karussis, U., Weiss, L. and Slavin, S. (1993) Spontaneous and IL-2-induced anti-leukemic and anti-host effects against tumor- and host-specific alloantigens. J. Immunol., 151, 4803-4810.
49. Kärre, K., Ljunggren, H. G., Piontek, G. and Kiessling, R. (1986) Selective recognition of H-2-deficient lymphoma variants suggests alternative immune defence strategy. Nature, 319, 675-678.
50. Trinchieri, G. (1989) Biology of natural killer cells Adv. Immunol., 49, 187-376.
51. Karlhofer, F. M., Ribaudo, R. and Yokoyama, W. M. (1992) MHC class I alloantigen specificity of Ly-49+ IL-2-activated natural killer cells. Nature, 358, 66-70.
52. Gumperz, J. E. and Parham, P. (1995) The enigma of the natural killer cell. Nutare, 378, 245-248.
53. Slavin, S , Ackerstein, A. and Weiss, L. (1988) Adoptive immunotherapy in conjunction with bone marrow transplantation - Amplification of natural host defence mechanisms agianst cancer by recombinant IL-2. Nat. Immun Cell Growth Regul , 7, 180-184.
54. Ackerstein, A., Kedar, E. and Slavin, S. (1991) Use of recombinant human interleukin-2 in cinjunction with syngeneic bone marrow transplantation in mice as a model for control of minimal residual disease in malignant hematologic disorders. Blood, 78, 1212-1215.
55. Charak, B. S , Brynes, R. K , Grosken, S., Chen, S-C. and Mazumder, A (1990) Bone marrow transplantation with interleukin-2-activated bone marrow followed by interleukin-2 therapy for acute myeloid leukemia in mice. Blood, 76, 2187-2190.
56. Charak, B. S., Bryson, R. K., Katsuda, S., Groshen, S., Chen, S-C. and Mazumder, A. (1991) Induction of graft versus leukemia effect in bone marrow transplantation: Dosage and time schedule dependency of interleukin 2 therapy. Cancer Res., 51, 2015-2020.
57. Charak, B. S., Agah, R. and Mazumder, A. (1992) Synergism of interleukin-2 and cyclosporine A in induction of a graft-versus-tumor effect without graft-versus-host disease after syngeneic bone marrow transplantation. Blood, 80, 179-184.
58. Charak, B. S., Bryson, R. K., Chogyoji, M., Kortes, V., Tefft, M. and Mazumder, A. (1993) Graft versus leukemia effect after transplantation with interleukin-2-activated bone marrow. Transplantation, 56, 31-37.
59. Slavin, S., Ackerstein, A., Nagler, A., Naparstek, E. and Weiss, L. (1990) Cell-mediated cytokine-activated immunotherapy (CCI) of malignant hematological disorders for eradication of minimal residual disease (MRD) in conjunction with conventional chemotherapy or bone marrow transplantation Blood, 76 (suppl. 1), 566a.
60. Slavin, S., Or, R., Naparstek, E., Kapelushnik, Y., Weiss, L. Ackerstein, A., Vourka-Karussis, U. and Nagler, A. (1992) Eradication of minimal residual disease (MRD) following autologous (ABMT) and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) by cytokine-mediated immunotherapy (CMI) and cell-mediated cytokine-activated immunotherapy (CCI) in experimental animals and man. Blood, 80 (suppl. 1), 535a.
61. Weiss, L., Reich, S. and Slavin, S. (1992) Use of recombinant human interleukin-2 in conjunction with bone marrow transplantation as a model for control of minimal residual disease in malignant hematotogical disorders: I. Treatment of murine leukemia in conjunction with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and IL-2-activated cell-mediated immunotherapy. Cancer Invest., 10, 19-26.
62. Sykes, M., Romick, M. L. and Sachs, D. H. (1990) Interleukin 2 prevents graft-versus-host disease while preserving the graft-versus-leukemia effect of allogeneic T cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 87, 5633-5637.
63. + T cell activity. J. Immunol., 150, 197-205.
64. + cells while preserving CD4- and CD8-mediated graft-versus-leukerrua effects. Blood, 83, 2560-2569.
65. Zeis, M , Uharek, L , Glass, B., Gaska, T., Gassmann, W. and Mueller-Ruchholtz, W. (1994) Induction of graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) activity in murine leukemia models after IL-2 pretreatment of syngeneic and allogeneic bone marrow grafts Bone Marrow Transplantation, 14, 711-715.
66. Vourka-Karussis, U., Karussis, D., Ackerstein, A. and Slavin, S. (1995) Enhancement of GVL effect with rhIL-2 following BMT in a murine model for acute myeloid leukemia in SJL/J mice. Exp. Hematol., 23, 196-201
67. Hashino, S., Imamura, M , Zhu, X., Imai, K., Kobayashi, S., Tanaka, J., Fujii, Y., Kasai, M. and Miyazaki, T. (1995) Effects of interleukin 2 on leukemia development after bone marrow transplantation in AKR/J mice. Transplantation, 59, 1642-1645.
68. Sykes, M., Romick, M L., Hoyles, K. A. and Sachs, D. H. (1990) In vivo administration of interleukin 2 plus T cell-depleted syngeneic marrow prevents graft-versus-host disease mortality and permits alloengraftment. J Exp. Med., 171, 645-658.
69. - cell population. J. Immunol., 148, 3746-3752.
70. Sykes, M., Pearson, D. A. and Szot, G. L. (1995) IL-2-induced GVHD protection is not inhibited by cyclosporine and is maximal when IL-2 is given over a 25 h period beginning on the day following bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplantation, 15, 395-399.
71. Tanaka, J., Imamura, M., Zhu, X., Kobayashi, S., Imai, K., Hashino, S., Sakurada, K., Kasai, M. and Higa, T. (1994) Potential benefit of rhG-CSF mobilized peripheral blood stem cells for allogeneic transplantation. Blood, 3595-3596.
72. Bensinger, W. I., Weaver, C. H., Appelbaum, F. R., Rowley, S., Demier, T., Sanders, J., Storb, R. and Buchner, C. D. (1995) Transplantation of allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells mobilized by recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor Blood, 85, 1655-1658.
73. Korbling, M., Przepiorka, D., Huh, Y. O., Engel, H., van Besien, K , Giralt, S., Anderson, B., Kleine, H. D , Seong, D., Deisseroth, A B., Andreeff, M. and Champlin, R. (1995) Allogeneic blood stem cell transplantation for refractory leukemia and lymphoma: Potential advantage of blood over marrow allografts. Blood, 85, 1659-1655.
74. Schmitz, N , Dreger, P., Suttorp, M., Rohwedder, E. B., Haferlach, T , Loffler, H., Hunter, A. and Russell, N. H. (1995) Primary transplantation of allogeneic peripheral blood progenitor cells mobilized by filgrastim (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor). Blood, 85, 1666-1672.
75. Kedar, E., Tsuberi, B. Z., Landesberg, A., Anafi, M., Leshem, B., Gillis, S., Urdal, D. L. and Slavin, S. (1988) In vitro and in vivo cytokine-induced facilitation of immunohematopoietic reconstitution in mice undergoing bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant., 3, 297-314.
76. Bieder, A., Weiss, L. and Slavin, S. (1992) The role of recombinant cytokines and other immunomodulators on engraftment following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in mice. Bone Marrow Transplant., 9, 421-426.
77. Charak, B. S., Brown, E. Z. and Mazumder, A. (1995) Augmentation of murine hematopoiesis by interleukin 2-activated irradiated T cells. Transplantation, 60, 589-594.
78. Szebeni, J., Wang, M-G , Pearson, D. A., Szot, G. L. and Sykes, M. (1994) IL-2 inhibits early increases in serum gamma interferon levels associated with grafi-versus-host disease. Transplantation, 58, 1385-1393.
79. + helper cells. Transplantation, 60, 481-490.
80. Sykes, M., Szot, G. L , Nguyen, P. L. and Pearson, D. A. (1995) Interleukin-12 inhibits murine graft-versus-host disease. Blood, 86, 2429-2438.
81. Glazier, A., Tutschka, P. J., Farmer, E. R. and Santos, G. W. (1983) Graft versus host disease in cyclosporine A-treated rats after syngeneic and autolgous bone marrow reconstitution. J. Exp. Med., 158, 1-8.
82. Glazier, A., Tutschka, P. J. and Farmer, E R (1983) Studies on the immunobiology of syngeneic and autologous graft-versus-host disease in cyclosporine treated rats. Transplant. Proc., 15, 3035-3041
83. Sorokin, R., Kimura, H., Schroder, K , Wilson, D. H. and Wilson, D. B. (1986) Cyclosporine-induced autoimmumty: Conditions for expressing disease, requirement for intact thymus, and potency estimates of autoimmune lymphocytes in drug-treated rats. J. Exp. Med., 164, 1615-1625.
84. Cheney, R. J. and Sprent, J. (1985) Capacity of cyclosporine to induce autograft-versus-host disease and impair intrathymic T cell differentiation Transplant. Proc., 17, 528-530.
85. Beschorner, W. E , Namnoum, J. D , Hess, A. D., Shinn, C. A. and Santos, G W. (1987) Cyclosporin A and the thymus: Immunopathology. Am. J. Pathol., 126, 487-496
86. Hess, A. D., Horowitz, L., Beschorner, W. E. and Santos, G. W. (1985) Development of graft-versus-host disease-like syndrome in cyclosporine treated rats after syngeneic bone marrow transplantation I. Development of cytotoxic T lymphocytes with apparent polyclonal anti-Ia specificity including autoreactivity. J. Exp Med., 161, 718-730.
87. Urdahl, K. B., Pardoll, D. M. and Jenkins, M. K. (1994) Cyclosporin A inhibits positive selection and delays negative selection in αβTCR transgenic mice. J. Immunol., 152, 2853-2859.
88. Hess, A. D., Vogelsang, G. B., Heyd, J. and Beschorner, W. E. (1987) Cyclosporine induced syngeneic graft-versus-host disease: Assessment of T-cell differentiation. Transplant. Proc., 19, 2683-2686.
89. Cohen, D. J., Loerscher, R., Rubin, M., Tilney, N. L., Carpenter, C. B. and Strom, T. B. (1984) Cyclosporine: A new immunosuppressive agent for organ transplantation. Ann. Intern. Med., 101, 667-682.
90. Jenkins, M. K., Schwanz, R. W. and Pardoll, D. M. (1988) Effects of Cyclosporine A on T cell development and clonal deletion. Science, 241, 1655-1658.
91. Shi, Y., Sakai, B. M. and Green, D. R. (1989) Cyclosporin A inhibits activation-induced cell death in T cell hybridomas and thymocytes. Nature, 339, 625-627.
92. + bone marrow cells regulate the induction of murine synseneic graft-versus-host disease. Transplantation, 56, 941-945.
93. Bucy, R. P., Xu, X. Y. and Huang, G. Q (1993) Cyclosporin A-induced autoimmune disease in mice. J. Immunol., 151, 1039-1050
94. Fischer, A. C., Beschorner, W. E. and Hess, A. D (1989) Age related factors in the induction of syngeneic GVHD. Transplant. Proc., 21, 3033-3035
95. Beschorner, W. E., Hess, A. D., Shinn, C. A. and Santos, G. W. (1988) Transfer of Cyclosporine A associated syngeneic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) by thymocytes: Resemblance to chronic GVHD Transplantation, 45, 209-215.
96. Bos, G. M. J., Majoor, G. D., van de Gaar, M. J. and van Breda Vriesman, P. J. C. (1989) T-helper lymphocytes and syngeneic graft-versus-host disease. Transplant Proc., 21, 3016-3017.
97. Beschorner, W. E., Shinn, C. A., Fischer, A. C., Santos, G. W. and Hess, A. D. (1988) Cyclosporine-induced pseudo-graft-versus-host disease in the early post-cyclosporine period. Transplantation, 46 (suppl), 112-117.
98. - T lymphocyte subsets. J. Immunol. 145, 526-533.
99. Fischer, A. C., Beschorner, W. E. and Hess, A. D. (1989) Requirements for the induction and adoptive transfer of syngeneic GVHD. J. Exp. Med., 169, 1031-1041
100. Fischer, A. C., Laukis, M. K , Horowitz, L., Beschorner, W E. and Hess, A. (1989) Host resistance to Cyclosporine induced syngeneic graft-versus-host disease J. Immunol., 143, 827-832.
101. Hess, A. D. and Fischer, A. C. (1989) Immune mechanisms in cyclosporine-induced syngeneic graft-versus-host disease. Transplantation, 48, 895-900.
102. Fischer, A. C., Ruvolo, P. P., Bust, R., Horowitz, L. R., Bright, E. C., Hess, J M., Beschorner, W. E. and Hess, A. D. (1995) Characterization of the autoreactive T cell repertoire in cyclosporin-induced syngeneic graft-versus-host disease. A highly conserved repertoire mediates autoaggression. J. Immunol., 154, 3713-3725.
103. Bryson, J. S., Lake-Bullock, H., Pelugh, D. L., Jennings, D , Stuart, P. M., Caywood, B. E and Kaplan, A. M. (1995) In vivo reactivity of T cell clones isolated from mice with syngeneic graft-versus-host disease Transplantation, 60, 171-178
104. Vogelsang, G B., Jones, R. J., Hess, A. D., Geller, R., Schucter, L. and Santos, G. W. (1989) Induction of autologous graft-versus-host disease. Transplant. Proc., 21, 2997-2998.
105. Dale, B. M., Atkinson, K., Kotasek, D., Biggs, J. C. and Sage, R. E. (1989) Cyclosporine-induced graft-vs-host disease in two patients receiving syngeneic bone marrow transplants. Transplant. Proc., 21, 3816-3817.
106. Jones, R. J., Hess, A. D., Mann, R. B., Piantadosi, S., Vogelsang, G. B., Farmer, E. R., Geller, R B. and Santos, G. W , (1989) Induction of graft-versus-host disease after autologosis bone marrow transplantation. Lancet, i, 745-756.
107. Hashino, S., Imamura, M., Kobayashi, S., Kobayashi, H., Kasai, M. and Miyazaki, T. (1993) Monoclonal gammopathy (IgA: λ) after autologous T-cell-depleted bone marrow transplantation in a patient with non-Hodgikin's lymphoma. Ann. Hematol., 67, 135-137.
108. Kennedy, M. J., Vogelsang, G. B., Jones, R. J., Farmer, E. R., Hess, A. D., Altomonte, V., Huelskamp, A. M. and Davidson, N. E. (1994) Phase I trial of interferon gamma to potentiate cyclosporine-induced graft-versus-host disease in women undergoing autologous bone marrow transplantation for breast cancer. J. Clin. Oncol., 12, 249-257.
109. Kino, T., Hatanaka, H., Hashimoto, M., Nishiyama, M., Goto, T., Okuhara, M., Kohsaka, M., Aoki, H and Imanaka, H. (1987) FK-506, a novel immunosuppressant isolated from a streptomyces. I. Fermentation, isolation, and physico-chemical and biological characteristics. J. Antibiotics, 40, 1249-1256.
110. Hashino, S , Imamura, M., Tanaka, J., Kasai, M., Higa, T. and Asaka, M. (1996) Antitumor effect in cyclosporin A- or FK506-treated mice after syngeneic bone marrow transplantation. Leuk. Lymphoma, in press.
111. Stalhandske, T., Eriksoo, E. and Sandberg, B-M. (1982) A novel quinoline-carboxamide with interesting immunomodulatory activity. Int. J. Immunopharmacol., 4, 336.
112. Kalland, T. (1990) Regulation of natural killer progenitors. Studies with a novel immunomodulator with distinct effects at the precursor level. J. Immunol., 144, 4472-4476.
113. Larson, E. Z., Joki, A. and Stalhandske, T. (1987) Mechanisms of action of the immunomodulator LS2616 on T cell responses. Int. J. Immunopharmacol., 9, 425-431.
114. Kalland, T., Alm, G. and Stalhandske, T. (1985) Augmentation of mouse natural killer cell activity by LS2616, a new immunomodulator. J. Immunol., 134, 3956-3961.
115. Kalland, T. (1986) Effects of the immunomodulator LS2616 on growth and metastasis of the murine B16F10 melanoma. Cancer Res., 46, 3018-3022.
116. Kalland, T., Maksimova, A. and Stalhandske, T. (1985) Prophylaxis and treatment of experimental tumors with immunomodulator LS2616. Int. J. Immunopharmacol., 7, 390-394.
117. Bengtson, M., Simonsson, B., Carlsson, K., Nilsson, B., Smedmyr, B., Termander, B., Oberg, G. and Totterman, T. H. (1992) Stimulation of NK cell, T cell, and monocyte functions by the novel immunomodulator linomide after autologous bone marrow transplantation. Transplantation, 53, 882-888.
118. Rowe, J., Ryan, D., Dipersio, J., Gaspari, A., Nilsson, B., Larsson, L., Liesveld, J., Kouides, P. and Simonsson, B. (1993) Autografting in chronic myelogenous leukemia followed by immunotherapy. Stem Cells, 11(suppl. 3), 34-42.
119. Weiss, L., Weigensberg, M., Morecki, S., Bar, S., Cobbold, S., Waldmann, H. and Slavin, S (1990) Characterization of effector cells of graft vs leukemia following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in mice inoculated with murine B-cell leukemia. Cancer Immunol. Immunother., 31, 236-242
120. OKunewick, J. P., Kochiban, D. L., Machen, L. L. and Buffo, M. J. (1991) The role of CD4 and CD8 T cells in the graft-versus-leukemia response in Rauscher murine leukemia Bone Marrow Transplantation, 8, 445-452.
121. Aizawa, S. and Sado, T. (1991) Graft-versus-leukemia effect in MHC-compatible and -incompatible alogeneic bone marrow transplantation of radiation-induced leukemia-bearing mice. Transplantation, 52, 885-889.
122. + T cells to graft-versus-host disease and graft-versus-leukemia reactivity after transplantation of MHC-compatible bone marrow. Bone Marrow Transplantation, 8, 51-58.
123. Hercend, T. H., Takvorian, T., Nowill, A., Tantravahi, R., Moingeon, P., Anderson, K. C., Muray, C., Bonhoun, C., Ythier, A. and Ritz, J. (1986) Characterization of natural killer cells with antileukemic activity following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Blood, 67, 722-728.
124. Harris, D. T. (1995) In vitro and in vivo assessment of the graft-versus-leukemia activity of cord blood. Bone Marrow Transplantation, 15, 17-23.
125. Zeis, M., Uharek, L., Glass, B., Gaska, T., Gassmann, W. and Muller-Ruckholtz, W. (1994) Induction of graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) activity in murine leukemia models after IL-2 pretreatment of syngeneic and allogeneic bone marrow grafts. Bone Marrow Transplantation, 14, 711-715.
126. Hauch, M., Gazzola, M. V., Small, T., Bordignon, C., Barrett, L., Cunnungham, I., Castro-Malaspinia, H., O'Reilly, R. J. and Keever, C. A. (1990) Anti-leukemia potential of interleukin-2 activated natural killer cells after bone marrow transplantation for chronic myelogenous leukemia. Blood, 75, 2250-2262.
127. Zeis, M., Uharek, L., Glass, B., Goska, T., Steinmann, J., Gassmann, W. Loffler, H. and Muller-Ruchholtz, W. (1995) Allogeneic NK cells as potent ami leukemic effector cells after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in mice. Transplantation, 59, 1734-1736
128. Heslop, H. E., Gottlieb, D. J., Bianchi, A. C., Meager, A., Prentice, H. G., Mehta, A. B., Hoffbrand, A. V. and Brenner, M. K. (1989) In vivo induction of gamma-interferon and tumor necrosis factor by interleukin 2 infusion following intensive chemotherapy or autologous marrow transplantation. Blood, 74, 1374-1380.
129. Holler, E., Kolb, H. J , Moller, A., Kempeni, J., Liesenfeld, S., Pechumer, H., Lehmacher, W., Ruckdeschel, G., Gleixner, B , Riedner, C., Ledderose, G., Brehm, G., Mittelmuller, J. and Wilmanns, W. (1990) Increased serum levels of tumor necrosis factor precede major complications of bone marrow transplantation. Blood, 75, 1011-1016.
130. Robinet, E., Ibrahim, A., Truneh, A., Ostronoff, M., Mishal, E., Zambon, E., Gay, F., Hayat, M., Pico, J-L. and Chouaib, S. (1992) Serum levels and receptor expression of tumor necrosis factor following human allogeneic and autologous bone marrow transplantation. Transplantation, 53, 574-579.
131. Shalaby, M. R., Fendly, B., Sheenan, K. C., Schreiber, R. D. and Amman, A. F. (1989) Prevention of the graft-versus-host reaction in new born mice by antibodies to tumor necrosis factor alpha. Transplantation, 47, 1957-1061.
132. Symington, F. W., Pepe, M. S., Chen, A. B. and Deliganis, A (1990) Serum tumor necrosis factor alpha associated with acute graft-versus-host disease in humans. Transplantation, 50, 518-521.
133. Piguet, P-F., Grau, G. E., Allet, B. and Vassali, P. (1987) Tumor necrosis factor/cachectin is an effector of skin and gut lesions of the acute phase of graft-versus-host disease. J Exp. Med., 166, 1280-1289.
134. Tanaka, J., Imamura, M., Kasai, M., Masauzi, N , Watanabe, M., Matsuura, A., Morii, K., Kiyama, Y., Naohara, T., Saito, M., Higa, T., Honke, K., Gasa, S., Sakurada, K and Miyazaki, T. (1993) Cytokine gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells during graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Br. J Haematol., 85, 558-565.
135. Imamura, M., Hashino, S., Kobayashi, H., Kobayashi, S., Hirano, S., Minagawa, T., Tanaka, J., Fujii, Y., Kobayashi, M., Kasai, M., Sakurada, K. and Miyazaki, T. (1994) Serum cytokine levels in bone marrow transplantation: Synergistic interaction of interleukin-6, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α in graft-versus-host disease. Bone Marrow Transplantation, 13, 745-751.
136. Mowat, A. M. (1989) Antibodies to IFNγ prevent immunologically mediated intestinal damage in murine grfat-versus-host reaction. Immunology, 68, 18-23.
137. Niederweiser, D., Herald, M., Woloszczuk, W., Aulitzky, W., Meister, B., Tilg, H., Gastl, G., Bowden, R. and Huber, C. (1990) Endogenous IFN-gamma during human bone marrow transplantation: Analysis of serum levels of interferon and interferon-dependent secondary messages. Transplantation, 50, 620-625.
138. Wall, D. A., Hamberg, S. D., Reynolds, D. S., Burakoff, S. J., Abbas, A. K. and Ferrara, J. L. M. (1988) Immunodeficiency in graft-versus-host disease. I. Mechanism for immune suppression. J. Immunol., 140, 2970-2976.
139. Cleveland, M. G., Annable, C. R. and Klimpel, G. R. (1988) In vivo and in vitro production of IFN-β and IFN-γ during graft-vs-host disease. J. Immunol., 141, 3349-3356.
140. Klimpel, G. R., Annable, C R., Cleveland, M. G., Jerrells, T. R. and Patterson, J. C. (1990) Immunosuppression and lymphoid hypoplasia associated with chronic graft-versus-host disease is dependent upon IFN-γ production. J. Immunol., 144, 84-93.
141. Slavin, S., Ackerstein, A., Naparstek, E., Or, R. and Weiss, L. (1990) The graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) phenomenon: Is GVL separable from GVHD? Bone Marrow Transplantation, 6, 155-161.
142. Truitt, R. L., Shin, C., Lefever, A. V., Tempelis, L. D., Andreani, M. and Bortin, M. M. (1983) Characterization of alloimmunization induced T lymphocytes reactive against AKR leukemia in vitro and correlation with graft-vs-leukemia activity in vitro. J. Immunol., 131, 2050-2058.
143. Kloosterman, T. C., Tielemans, M. J. C., Mastens, A. C. M., van Bekkum, D. W. and Hagenbeek, A. (1994) Quantitative studies on graft-versus-leukemia after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in rat models for acute myelocytic and lymphocytic leukemia. Bone Marrow Transplantation, 14, 15-22.
144. van Lochem, E., de Gast, B. and Goulmy, E. (1992) In vitro separation of
145. Westcott, O., Dorsch, S and Roser, B. (1979) Adoptive immunotherapy in the rat without graft-versus-host complications. J. Immunol., 123, 1478-1483.
146. Slavin, S., Weiss, L., Morecki, S. and Weigensberg, M. (1981) Eradication of murine leukemia with histocompatible marrow grafts in mice conditioned with total lymphoid irradiation (TLI) Cancer Immunol. Immunother., 11, 155-158.
147. Truitt, R. L. and Atasoylu, A. A. (1991) Impact of pre-transplant conditioning and donor T cells on chimerism, graft-versus-host disease, graft-versus-leukemia reactivity and tolerance after bone marrow transplantation Blood, 77, 2515-2523.
148. Sykes, M and Pearson, D. A (1992) Alloengraftment in IL-2 treated mice. Bone Marrow Transplantation, 10, 157-163.
149. Glass, B., Uharek, L., Gassman, W., Focks, B., Bolouri, H., Loeffler, H. and Mueller-Ruchholtz, W. (9912) Graft-versus-leukemia activity after bone marrow transplantation does not require graft-versus-host disease Ann Hematol., 64, 255-259.
150. Johnson, B D., Drobyski, W R. and Truitt, R. L. (1993) Delayed infusion of normal donor cells after MHC-matched bone marrow transplantation provides an antileukemia reaction without graft-versus-host disease. Bone Marrow Transplantation, 11, 329-336.
151. Drobyski, W. R., Keever, C. A., Roth, M. S., Koethe, S., Hanson, G., McFadden, P., Gottschall, J. L., Ash, R. C., van Tuinen, P., Horowitz, M M. and Flomenberg, N. (1993) Salvage immunotherapy using donor leukocyte infusions as treatment for relapsed chronic myelogenous leukemia after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: Efficacy and toxicity of a defined T-cell clone. Blood, 82, 2310-2318.
152. Aizawa, S., Sado, T., Kamisaku, H., Nemoto, K. and Yoshida, K. (1994) Graft-versus-leukemia effect in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in mice against several radiation-induced leukemias. Bone Marrow Transplantation, 13, 109-119.
153. Salomo, M., Steinmann, J., Glass, B., Herwartz, C., Uharek, L., Gassmann, W. and Muller-Ruchholtz, W. (1995) Leukemia-specific allogeneic donor T cells. Quantification by limiting dilution assay. Bone Marrow Transplantation, 15, 179-186.
154. + cytotoxic T-lymphocyte clones from a patient with severe graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Implications for graft-versus-leukemia reactivity. Blood, 86, 2821-2828.
155. Kolb, H. J., Mittermuller, S., Chemm, C. H., Holler, E., Ledderose, G., Brehn, G., Heim, M. and Wilmanns, W. (1990) Donor leukocyte transfusions for treatment of recurrent chronic myelogenous leukemia in marrow transplant patients. Blood, 76, 2462-2465.
156. Cullis, J. O., Jiang, Y. Z., Schwarer, A. P., Hughes, T. P., Barrett, A. J. and Goldman, J. M (1992) Donor leukocyte infusions for chronic myeloid leukemia in relapse after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Blood, 79, 1379-1381.
157. Frassoni, F., Fagioli, F., Sessarego, M , Gualaudi, F., van Lint, M. T., Lamparelli, T., Occhini, D., Figari, O Valbonesi, M. and Bacigalupo, A. (1992) The effect of donor leukocyte infusion in patients with leukemia following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Exp. Hematol., 20, 712.
158. Jiang, Y. Z., Cullis, J. O., Kanfer, E. J., Goldman, J. M. and Barrett, A. J. (1993) T and NK cell mediated graft-versus-leukemia reactivity following donor buffy coat transfusion to treat relapse after bone marrow transplantation for chronic myeloid leukemia. Bone Marrow Transplantation, 11, 133-138.
159. Bar, B. M., Schattenberg, A., Mensink, E. J., Geurts, van Kessel, A., Smetsers, T. F., Knops, G. H., Linders, E. H. and DeWitte, T. (1993) Donor leukocyte infusions for chronic myeloid leukemia relapsed after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. J. Clin. Oncol., 11, 513-519.
160. Kolb, H.-J., Schattenberg, A., Goldman, J. H., Hertenstein, B., Jacobsen, N., Acrese, W., Ljungman, P., Ferrant, A., Verdonck, L., Niederwieser, D , van Rhee, F., Mittermueller, J., de Witte, T., Holler, E. and Ansari, H. for the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Working Party Chronic Leukeima. (1995) Graft-versus-leukeima effect of donor lymphocyte transfusions in marrow grafted patients. Blood, 86, 2041-2050.
161. Chen, W., Peace, B. J., Rovira, D. K., You, S. G. and Cheever, M. A. (1992) T-cell immunity to the joining region of P210 BCR-ABL protein. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 89, 1468-1472.
162. Chen, L. (1994) T cell costimulation for cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Chemotherapy Vol 9 (edited by Kimura, K., Ota, K., Carter, S. K and Friedmann, T) Exerpta Medica, Tokyo, pp85-89.
163. Dranoff, G., Jaffee, E., Lazenby, A., Golumbeck, P., Levitsky, H., Brose, K , Jackson, V., Hamada, H., Pardoll, D. and Mulligan, R. C. (1993) Vaccination with irradiated tumor cells engineered to secrete murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulates potent, specific, and long-lasting anti-tumor immunity. Proc. Natl. Acad. SCi. USA, 90, 3539-3543.