메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 76, Issue 6, 1996, Pages 3771-3786

Neural information transferred from the putamen to the globus pallidus during learned movement in the monkey

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACTION POTENTIAL; ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL TISSUE; ANTIDROMIC STIMULATION; ARM MOVEMENT; ARTICLE; BEHAVIOR; CONDITIONING; ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY; EVOKED RESPONSE; GLOBUS PALLIDUS; MONKEY; MOTOR ACTIVITY; NERVE PROJECTION; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PUTAMEN;

EID: 0030474726     PISSN: 00223077     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/jn.1996.76.6.3771     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (54)

References (55)
  • 1
    • 0025280675 scopus 로고
    • Preparation for movement: Neural representations of intended direction in three motor areas of the monkey
    • ALEXANDER, G. E. AND CRUTCHER, M. D. Preparation for movement: neural representations of intended direction in three motor areas of the monkey. J. Neurophysiol. 64: 133-150, 1990a.
    • (1990) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.64 , pp. 133-150
    • Alexander, G.E.1    Crutcher, M.D.2
  • 2
    • 0025321039 scopus 로고
    • Functional architecture of basal ganglia circuits: Neural substrates of parallel processing
    • ALEXANDER, G. E. AND CRUTCHER, M. D. Functional architecture of basal ganglia circuits: neural substrates of parallel processing. Trends Neurosci. 13: 266-271, 1990b.
    • (1990) Trends Neurosci. , vol.13 , pp. 266-271
    • Alexander, G.E.1    Crutcher, M.D.2
  • 3
    • 0021864424 scopus 로고
    • Microstimulation of the primate neostriatum. II. Somatotopic organization of striatal microexcitable zones and their relation to neuronal response properties
    • ALEXANDER, G. E. AND DELONG, M. R. Microstimulation of the primate neostriatum. II. Somatotopic organization of striatal microexcitable zones and their relation to neuronal response properties. J. Neurophysiol. 53: 1417-1430, 1985.
    • (1985) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.53 , pp. 1417-1430
    • Alexander, G.E.1    Delong, M.R.2
  • 4
    • 0022930826 scopus 로고
    • Parallel organization of functionally segregated circuits linking basal ganglia and cortex
    • ALEXANDER, G. E., DELONG, M. R., AND STRICK, P. L. Parallel organization of functionally segregated circuits linking basal ganglia and cortex. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 9: 357-381, 1986.
    • (1986) Annu. Rev. Neurosci. , vol.9 , pp. 357-381
    • Alexander, G.E.1    Delong, M.R.2    Strick, P.L.3
  • 5
    • 0025815494 scopus 로고
    • A quantitative analysis of pallidal discharge during targeted reaching movement in the monkey
    • ANDERSON, M. E. AND TURNER, R. S. A quantitative analysis of pallidal discharge during targeted reaching movement in the monkey. Exp. Brain Res. 86: 623-632, 1991.
    • (1991) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.86 , pp. 623-632
    • Anderson, M.E.1    Turner, R.S.2
  • 6
    • 0028908646 scopus 로고
    • Temporal and spatial characteristics of tonically active neurons of the primate's stratum
    • AOSAKI, T., KIMURA, M., AND GRAYBIEL, A. M. Temporal and spatial characteristics of tonically active neurons of the primate's stratum. J. Neurophysiol. 73: 1234-1252, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.73 , pp. 1234-1252
    • Aosaki, T.1    Kimura, M.2    Graybiel, A.M.3
  • 7
    • 0026722499 scopus 로고
    • Neuronal activity in monkey striatum related to the expectation of predictable environmental events
    • APICELLA, P., SCARNATI, E., LJUNGBERG, T., AND SCHULTZ, W. Neuronal activity in monkey striatum related to the expectation of predictable environmental events. J. Neurophysiol 68: 945-960, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Neurophysiol , vol.68 , pp. 945-960
    • Apicella, P.1    Scarnati, E.2    Ljungberg, T.3    Schultz, W.4
  • 8
    • 0025803749 scopus 로고
    • Tonically discharging neurons of monkey striatum respond to preparatory and rewarding stimuli
    • APICELLA, P., SCARNATI, E., AND SCHULTZ, W. Tonically discharging neurons of monkey striatum respond to preparatory and rewarding stimuli. Exp. Brain Res. 84: 672-675, 1991.
    • (1991) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.84 , pp. 672-675
    • Apicella, P.1    Scarnati, E.2    Schultz, W.3
  • 9
    • 0021324686 scopus 로고
    • Single cell studies of the primate putamen. I. Functional organization
    • CRUTCHER, M. D. AND DELONG, M. R. Single cell studies of the primate putamen. I. Functional organization. Exp. Brain Res. 53: 233-243, 1984.
    • (1984) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.53 , pp. 233-243
    • Crutcher, M.D.1    Delong, M.R.2
  • 10
    • 0027228492 scopus 로고
    • Output architecture of the primate putamen
    • FLAHERTY, A. W. AND GRAYBIEL, A. M. Output architecture of the primate putamen. J. Neurosci. 13: 3222-3237, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Neurosci. , vol.13 , pp. 3222-3237
    • Flaherty, A.W.1    Graybiel, A.M.2
  • 11
    • 0026531301 scopus 로고
    • The neostriatal mosaic: Multiple levels of compartmental organization
    • GERFEN, C. R. The neostriatal mosaic: multiple levels of compartmental organization. Trends Neurosci. 15: 133-139, 1992.
    • (1992) Trends Neurosci. , vol.15 , pp. 133-139
    • Gerfen, C.R.1
  • 12
    • 0025231933 scopus 로고
    • Compartmental origins of the striatopallidal projection in the primate
    • GIMENEZ-AMAYA, J.-M. AND GRAYBIEL, A. M. Compartmental origins of the striatopallidal projection in the primate. Neuroscience 34: 111-126, 1989.
    • (1989) Neuroscience , vol.34 , pp. 111-126
    • Gimenez-Amaya, J.-M.1    Graybiel, A.M.2
  • 13
    • 0021921929 scopus 로고
    • A Golgi study of the human neostriatum: Neurons and afferent fibers
    • GRAVELAND, G. A., WILLIAMS, R. S., AND DEFIGLIA, M. A Golgi study of the human neostriatum: neurons and afferent fibers. J. Comp. Neurol. 234: 317-333, 1985.
    • (1985) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.234 , pp. 317-333
    • Graveland, G.A.1    Williams, R.S.2    Defiglia, M.3
  • 14
    • 0025293685 scopus 로고
    • Neurotransmitters neuromodulators in the basal ganglia
    • GRAYBIEL, A. M. Neurotransmitters neuromodulators in the basal ganglia. Trends Neurosci. 13: 244-254, 1990.
    • (1990) Trends Neurosci. , vol.13 , pp. 244-254
    • Graybiel, A.M.1
  • 15
    • 0026460731 scopus 로고
    • Excitotoxic acid lesions of the primate subthalamic nucleus result in reduced pallidal neuronal activity during active holding
    • HAMADA, I. AND DELONG, M. R. Excitotoxic acid lesions of the primate subthalamic nucleus result in reduced pallidal neuronal activity during active holding. J. Neurophysiol. 68: 1859-1866, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.68 , pp. 1859-1866
    • Hamada, I.1    Delong, M.R.2
  • 16
    • 0025639027 scopus 로고
    • Activity of wrist-related pallidal neurons during step and ramp wrist movements in the monkey
    • HAMADA, I., DELONG, M. R., AND MANO, N. Activity of wrist-related pallidal neurons during step and ramp wrist movements in the monkey. J. Neurophysiol. 64: 1892-1906, 1990.
    • (1990) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.64 , pp. 1892-1906
    • Hamada, I.1    Delong, M.R.2    Mano, N.3
  • 17
    • 0026594961 scopus 로고
    • Convergence of subthalamic and striatal afferents at pallidal level in primates: An anterograde double-labeling study with biocytin and PHA-L
    • HAZRATI, L.-N., AND PARENT, A. Convergence of subthalamic and striatal afferents at pallidal level in primates: an anterograde double-labeling study with biocytin and PHA-L. Brain Res. 569: 336-340, 1992.
    • (1992) Brain Res. , vol.569 , pp. 336-340
    • Hazrati, L.-N.1    Parent, A.2
  • 18
    • 0027379672 scopus 로고
    • Effects of caudate nucleus stimulation on substantia nigra cell activity in monkey
    • HIKOSAKA, O., SAKAMOTO, M., AND MIYASHITA, N. Effects of caudate nucleus stimulation on substantia nigra cell activity in monkey. Exp. Brain Res. 95: 457-472, 1993.
    • (1993) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.95 , pp. 457-472
    • Hikosaka, O.1    Sakamoto, M.2    Miyashita, N.3
  • 19
    • 0024605307 scopus 로고
    • Functional properties of monkey caudate neurons. I. Activities related to saccadic eye movements
    • HIKOSAKA, O., SAKAMOTO, M., AND USUI, S. Functional properties of monkey caudate neurons. I. Activities related to saccadic eye movements. J. Neurophysiol. 61: 780-798, 1989a.
    • (1989) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.61 , pp. 780-798
    • Hikosaka, O.1    Sakamoto, M.2    Usui, S.3
  • 20
    • 0024591528 scopus 로고
    • Functional properties of monkey caudate neurons. III. Activities related to expectation of target and reward
    • HIKOSAKA, O., SAKAMOTO, M., AND USUI, S. Functional properties of monkey caudate neurons. III. Activities related to expectation of target and reward. J. Neurophysiol. 61: 814-832, 1989b.
    • (1989) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.61 , pp. 814-832
    • Hikosaka, O.1    Sakamoto, M.2    Usui, S.3
  • 21
    • 0027411186 scopus 로고
    • Multiple output channels in the basal ganglia
    • HOOVER, J. E. AND STRICK, P. L. Multiple output channels in the basal ganglia. Science Wash. DC 259: 819-821, 1993.
    • (1993) Science Wash. DC , vol.259 , pp. 819-821
    • Hoover, J.E.1    Strick, P.L.2
  • 22
    • 0027519737 scopus 로고
    • Primate basal ganglia activity in a precued reaching task: Preparation for movement
    • JAEGER, D., GILMAN, S., AND ALDRIDGE, J. W. Primate basal ganglia activity in a precued reaching task: preparation for movement. Exp. Brain Res. 95: 51-64, 1993.
    • (1993) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.95 , pp. 51-64
    • Jaeger, D.1    Gilman, S.2    Aldridge, J.W.3
  • 23
    • 0027971611 scopus 로고
    • Surround inhibition among projection neurons is weak or nonexistent in the rat neostriatum
    • JAEGER, D., KITA, H., AND WILSON, J. C. Surround inhibition among projection neurons is weak or nonexistent in the rat neostriatum. J. Neurophysiol. 72: 2555-2558, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.72 , pp. 2555-2558
    • Jaeger, D.1    Kita, H.2    Wilson, J.C.3
  • 24
    • 0019293836 scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiological evidence for the existence of excitatory fibers in the caudato-nigral pathway in the cat
    • KANAZAWA, I. AND YOSHIDA, M. Electrophysiological evidence for the existence of excitatory fibers in the caudato-nigral pathway in the cat. Neurosci. Lett. 20: 301-306, 1980.
    • (1980) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.20 , pp. 301-306
    • Kanazawa, I.1    Yoshida, M.2
  • 25
    • 0015245856 scopus 로고
    • The structure of the caudate nucleus of the cat: Light and electron microscopy
    • KEMP, J. M. AND POWELL, T. P. S. The structure of the caudate nucleus of the cat: light and electron microscopy. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. B Biol. Sci. 262: 383-401, 1971.
    • (1971) Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. B Biol. Sci. , vol.262 , pp. 383-401
    • Kemp, J.M.1    Powell, T.P.S.2
  • 26
    • 0022499284 scopus 로고
    • The role of primate putamen neurons in the association of sensory stimulus with movement
    • KIMURA, M. The role of primate putamen neurons in the association of sensory stimulus with movement. J. Neurosci. Res. 3: 436-443, 1986.
    • (1986) J. Neurosci. Res. , vol.3 , pp. 436-443
    • Kimura, M.1
  • 27
    • 0025309280 scopus 로고
    • Behaviorally contingent property of movement-related activity of the primate putamen
    • KIMURA, M. Behaviorally contingent property of movement-related activity of the primate putamen. J. Neurophysiol. 63: 1277-1296, 1990.
    • (1990) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.63 , pp. 1277-1296
    • Kimura, M.1
  • 28
    • 0026607270 scopus 로고
    • Behavioral modulation of sensory responses of primate putamen neurons
    • KIMURA, M. Behavioral modulation of sensory responses of primate putamen neurons. Brain Res. 578: 204-214, 1992.
    • (1992) Brain Res. , vol.578 , pp. 204-214
    • Kimura, M.1
  • 29
    • 0026647189 scopus 로고
    • Activity of primate putamen neurons is selective to the mode of voluntary movement: Visually guided, self-initiated and memory-guided
    • KIMURA, M., AOSAKI, T., HU, Y., ISHIDA, A., AND WATANABE, K. Activity of primate putamen neurons is selective to the mode of voluntary movement: visually guided, self-initiated and memory-guided. Exp. Brain Res. 89: 473-477, 1992a.
    • (1992) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.89 , pp. 473-477
    • Kimura, M.1    Aosaki, T.2    Hu, Y.3    Ishida, A.4    Watanabe, K.5
  • 30
    • 0027354147 scopus 로고
    • Neurophysiological aspects of the differential roles of the putamen and caudate nucleus in voluntary movement
    • KIMURA, M., AOSAKI, T., AND ISHIDA, A. Neurophysiological aspects of the differential roles of the putamen and caudate nucleus in voluntary movement. Adv. Neurol. 60: 62-70, 1992b.
    • (1992) Adv. Neurol. , vol.60 , pp. 62-70
    • Kimura, M.1    Aosaki, T.2    Ishida, A.3
  • 31
    • 0025201275 scopus 로고
    • Physiological properties of projection neurons in the monkey striatum to the globus pallidus
    • KIMURA, M., KATO, M., AND SHIMAZAKI, H. Physiological properties of projection neurons in the monkey striatum to the globus pallidus. Exp. Brain Res. 82: 672-676, 1990.
    • (1990) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.82 , pp. 672-676
    • Kimura, M.1    Kato, M.2    Shimazaki, H.3
  • 32
    • 0021280709 scopus 로고
    • Tonically discharging putamen neurons exhibit set dependent responses
    • KIMURA, M., RAJKOWSKI, J., AND EVARTS, E. V. Tonically discharging putamen neurons exhibit set dependent responses. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81: 4998-5001, 1984.
    • (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.81 , pp. 4998-5001
    • Kimura, M.1    Rajkowski, J.2    Evarts, E.V.3
  • 33
    • 0001062362 scopus 로고
    • Anatomy and physiology of the subthalamic nucleus: A driving force of the basal ganglia
    • edited by M. B. Carpenter and A. Jayaraman. New York: Plenum
    • KITAI, S. T. AND KITA, H. Anatomy and physiology of the subthalamic nucleus: a driving force of the basal ganglia. In: The Basal Ganglia II, edited by M. B. Carpenter and A. Jayaraman. New York: Plenum, 1987, p. 257-273.
    • (1987) The Basal Ganglia II , pp. 257-273
    • Kitai, S.T.1    Kita, H.2
  • 34
    • 0002896891 scopus 로고
    • Striatal projection neurons: Morphological and electrophysiological studies
    • KITAI, S. T., PRESTON, R. J., BISHOP, G. A., AND KOCSIS, J. D. Striatal projection neurons: morphological and electrophysiological studies. Adv. Neurol. 24: 45-51, 1979.
    • (1979) Adv. Neurol. , vol.24 , pp. 45-51
    • Kitai, S.T.1    Preston, R.J.2    Bishop, G.A.3    Kocsis, J.D.4
  • 35
    • 0021878070 scopus 로고
    • Projection of the digit and wrist area of precentral gyrus to the putamen: Relation between topography and physiological properties of neurons in the putamen
    • LILES, S. L. AND UPDYKE, B. V. Projection of the digit and wrist area of precentral gyrus to the putamen: relation between topography and physiological properties of neurons in the putamen. Brain Res. 339: 245-255, 1985.
    • (1985) Brain Res. , vol.339 , pp. 245-255
    • Liles, S.L.1    Updyke, B.V.2
  • 36
    • 0025974389 scopus 로고
    • Basal ganglia motor control. I. Nonexclusive relation of pallidal discharge to five movement modes
    • MINK, J. W. AND THACH, W. T. Basal ganglia motor control. I. Nonexclusive relation of pallidal discharge to five movement modes. J. Neurophysiol. 65: 273-300, 1991a.
    • (1991) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.65 , pp. 273-300
    • Mink, J.W.1    Thach, W.T.2
  • 37
    • 0025975472 scopus 로고
    • Basal ganglia motor control. II. Late pallidal timing relative to movement onset and inconsistent pallidal coding of movement parameters
    • MINK, J. W. AND THACH, W. T. Basal ganglia motor control. II. Late pallidal timing relative to movement onset and inconsistent pallidal coding of movement parameters. J. Neurophysiol. 65: 301-329, 1991b.
    • (1991) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.65 , pp. 301-329
    • Mink, J.W.1    Thach, W.T.2
  • 38
    • 0023617258 scopus 로고
    • The primate globus pallidus: Neuronal activity related to direction of movement
    • MITCHELL, S. J., RICHARDSON, R. T., BAKER, F. H., AND DELONG, M. R. The primate globus pallidus: neuronal activity related to direction of movement. Exp. Brain Res. 68: 491-505, 1987.
    • (1987) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.68 , pp. 491-505
    • Mitchell, S.J.1    Richardson, R.T.2    Baker, F.H.3    Delong, M.R.4
  • 39
    • 0013873620 scopus 로고
    • Projections of the lentiform nucleus in the monkey
    • NAUTA, W. AND MEHLER, W. R. Projections of the lentiform nucleus in the monkey. Brain Res. 1: 3-42, 1966.
    • (1966) Brain Res. , vol.1 , pp. 3-42
    • Nauta, W.1    Mehler, W.R.2
  • 40
    • 0021328279 scopus 로고
    • Caudate unit activity during operant feeding behavior in monkeys and modulation by cooling prefrontal cortex
    • NISHINO, H., ONO, T., SASAKI, K., FUKUDA, M., AND MURAMORO, K. Caudate unit activity during operant feeding behavior in monkeys and modulation by cooling prefrontal cortex. Behav. Brain Res. 11: 21-33, 1984.
    • (1984) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.11 , pp. 21-33
    • Nishino, H.1    Ono, T.2    Sasaki, K.3    Fukuda, M.4    Muramoro, K.5
  • 41
    • 0017158625 scopus 로고
    • Responses of subthalamic and pallidal neurons to striatal stimulation: An extracellular study on awake monkeys
    • OHYE, C., GUYADER, L. E., AND FÉGER, J. Responses of subthalamic and pallidal neurons to striatal stimulation: an extracellular study on awake monkeys. Brain Res. 111: 241-252, 1976.
    • (1976) Brain Res. , vol.111 , pp. 241-252
    • Ohye, C.1    Guyader, L.E.2    Féger, J.3
  • 42
    • 0018824457 scopus 로고
    • Recurrent inhibition in the rat neostriatum
    • PARK, M. R., LIGHTHALL, J. W., AND KITAI, S. T. Recurrent inhibition in the rat neostriatum. Brain Res. 194: 359-369, 1980.
    • (1980) Brain Res. , vol.194 , pp. 359-369
    • Park, M.R.1    Lighthall, J.W.2    Kitai, S.T.3
  • 43
    • 0021208261 scopus 로고
    • A Golgi analysis of the primate globus pallidus. III. Spatial organization of the striato-pallidal complex
    • PERCHERON, G., YELNIK, J., AND FRANÇOIS, C. A Golgi analysis of the primate globus pallidus. III. Spatial organization of the striato-pallidal complex. J. Comp. Neurol 111: 214-227, 1984.
    • (1984) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.111 , pp. 214-227
    • Percheron, G.1    Yelnik, J.2    François, C.3
  • 44
    • 0025042666 scopus 로고
    • Effects of intranigral substance P and neurokinin A on striatal dopamine release. I. Interactions with substance P antagonists
    • REID, M. S., HERRERA-MARSCHITZ, M., HÖKFELT, T., OHLIN, M., VALENTINO, K. L., AND UNGERSTEDT, U. Effects of intranigral substance P and neurokinin A on striatal dopamine release. I. Interactions with substance P antagonists. Neuroscience 36: 643-58, 1990.
    • (1990) Neuroscience , vol.36 , pp. 643-658
    • Reid, M.S.1    Herrera-Marschitz, M.2    Hökfelt, T.3    Ohlin, M.4    Valentino, K.L.5    Ungerstedt, U.6
  • 45
    • 0025351160 scopus 로고
    • Excitatory influence of rat subthalamic nucleus to substantia nigra pars reticulata and the pallidal complex: Electrophysiological data
    • ROBLEDO, P. AND FÉGER, J. Excitatory influence of rat subthalamic nucleus to substantia nigra pars reticulata and the pallidal complex: electrophysiological data. Brain Res. 518: 47-54, 1990.
    • (1990) Brain Res. , vol.518 , pp. 47-54
    • Robledo, P.1    Féger, J.2
  • 46
    • 0020700011 scopus 로고
    • Responses of striatal neurons in the behaving monkey. I. Head of the caudate nucleus
    • ROLLS, E. T., THORPE, S. J., AND MADDISON, S. P. Responses of striatal neurons in the behaving monkey. I. Head of the caudate nucleus. Behav. Brain Res. 7: 430-435, 1983.
    • (1983) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.7 , pp. 430-435
    • Rolls, E.T.1    Thorpe, S.J.2    Maddison, S.P.3
  • 47
    • 0022450069 scopus 로고
    • Substantia nigra stimulation evoked antidromic responses in rat neostriatum
    • RYAN, L. J., YOUNG, S. J., AND GROVES, P. M. Substantia nigra stimulation evoked antidromic responses in rat neostriatum. Exp. Brain Res. 63: 449-460, 1986.
    • (1986) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.63 , pp. 449-460
    • Ryan, L.J.1    Young, S.J.2    Groves, P.M.3
  • 48
    • 0019505631 scopus 로고
    • Processing of somatosensory information in striatum of behaving cats
    • SCHNEIDER, J. S. AND LIDSKY, T. I. Processing of somatosensory information in striatum of behaving cats. J. Neurophysiol. 45: 841-851, 1981.
    • (1981) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.45 , pp. 841-851
    • Schneider, J.S.1    Lidsky, T.I.2
  • 49
  • 50
    • 0019496044 scopus 로고
    • Monosynaptic cortical input and local axon collaterals of identified striatonigral neurons. A light and electron microscopic study using the Golgi-peroxidase transport-degeneration procedure
    • SOMOGYI, P., BOLAM, J. P., AND SMITH, A. D. Monosynaptic cortical input and local axon collaterals of identified striatonigral neurons. A light and electron microscopic study using the Golgi-peroxidase transport-degeneration procedure. J. Comp. Neurol. 195: 567-584, 1981.
    • (1981) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.195 , pp. 567-584
    • Somogyi, P.1    Bolam, J.P.2    Smith, A.D.3
  • 51
    • 0001879369 scopus 로고
    • Basal ganglia 'loops' with the cerebral cortex
    • edited by M. Kimura and A. M. Graybiel. Tokyo: Springer-Verlag
    • STRICK, P. L., DUM, R. P., AND MUSHIAKE, H. Basal ganglia 'loops' with the cerebral cortex. In: Functions of the Cortico-Basal Ganglia Loops, edited by M. Kimura and A. M. Graybiel. Tokyo: Springer-Verlag, 1995, p. 106-124.
    • (1995) Functions of the Cortico-Basal Ganglia Loops , pp. 106-124
    • Strick, P.L.1    Dum, R.P.2    Mushiake, H.3
  • 52
    • 0017155931 scopus 로고
    • A glass-insulated "elgiloy" microelectrode for recording unit activity in chronic monkey experiments
    • SUZUKI, H. AND AZUMA, M. A glass-insulated "elgiloy" microelectrode for recording unit activity in chronic monkey experiments. Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. 41: 93-95, 1976.
    • (1976) Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. , vol.41 , pp. 93-95
    • Suzuki, H.1    Azuma, M.2
  • 53
    • 0001541070 scopus 로고
    • An experimental research into the anatomy and physiology of the corpus striatum
    • WILSON, S. A. K. An experimental research into the anatomy and physiology of the corpus striatum. Brain 36: 427-492, 1914.
    • (1914) Brain , vol.36 , pp. 427-492
    • Wilson, S.A.K.1
  • 54
    • 0015218490 scopus 로고
    • Monosynaptic inhibition of neurons of the substantia nigra by caudato-nigral fibers
    • YOSHIDA, M. AND PRECHT, W. Monosynaptic inhibition of neurons of the substantia nigra by caudato-nigral fibers. Brain Res. 32: 225-228, 1971.
    • (1971) Brain Res. , vol.32 , pp. 225-228
    • Yoshida, M.1    Precht, W.2
  • 55
    • 0015272242 scopus 로고
    • Monosynaptic inhibition of pallidal neurons by axon collaterals of caudato-nigral fibers
    • YOSHIDA, M., RABIN, A., AND ANDERSON, M. Monosynaptic inhibition of pallidal neurons by axon collaterals of caudato-nigral fibers. Exp. Brain Res. 15: 333-347, 1972.
    • (1972) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.15 , pp. 333-347
    • Yoshida, M.1    Rabin, A.2    Anderson, M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.