Morphometric analysis of the choroid, Bruch's membrane, and retinal pigment epithelium in eyes with age-related macular degeneration

Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science

Volumn 37, Issue 13, 1996, Pages 2724-2735

  Spraul, Christoph W ^a   Lang, Gabriele E ^b   Grossniklaus, Hans E ^a,c  

^a EMORY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL ULM   (Germany)

^c EMORY EYE CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

age related macular degeneration; basal laminar deposit; choriocapillaris; drusen; morphometry

Indexed keywords

AGED; ARTICLE; BASEMENT MEMBRANE; BRUCH MEMBRANE; CHOROID; CHOROID CAPILLARY LAYER; DRUSEN; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; MALE; MICROSCOPY; MORPHOMETRICS; NEOVASCULARIZATION (PATHOLOGY); PIGMENT EPITHELIUM; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RETINA MACULA AGE RELATED DEGENERATION;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; BRUCH MEMBRANE; CHOROID; FEMALE; HUMANS; MACULAR DEGENERATION; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PIGMENT EPITHELIUM OF EYE;

EID: 0030471907     PISSN: 01460404     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Evans JR. Causes of Blindness and Partial Sight in England and Wales 1990-1991: Studies on Medical and Population Subjects. London: HMSO; 1995.
2. Ferris FL, Fine SL, Hymann L. Age-related macular degeneration and blindness due to neovascular maculopathy. Arch Ophthalmol. 1984;102:1640-1642.
3. International ARM Epidemiological Study Group. An international classification and grading system for age-related maculopathy and age-related maculardegeneration. Surv Ophthalmol. 1995;39:365-374.
4. Sarks SH. New vessel formation beneath the retinal pigment epithelium in senile eyes. Br J Ophthalmol. 1973;57:951-965.
5. Sarks SH. Aging and degeneration in the macular region: A clinico-pathological study. Br J Ophthalmol. 1976;60:324-341.
6. Löffler KU, Lee WR. Basal linear deposit in the human macula. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1986;224: 493-501.
7. Feeney-Burns L, Burns RP, Gao C-L. Age related macular changes in humans over 90 years old. AmJ Ophthalmol. 1990;109:265-278.
8. Green WR, Enger C. Age-related macular degeneration histopathologic studies. Ophthalmology. 1993;100: 1519-1535.
9. van der Schaft TL, Mooy CM, de Bruijn WC, Oron FG, Mulder PGH, de Jong PTVM. Histologic features of the early stages of age-related macular degeneration: A statistical analysis. Ophthalmology. 1992;99:278-286.
10. Bressler SB, Silva JC, Bressler NM, Alexander J, Green WR. Clinicopathologic correlation of occult choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration. Arch Ophthalmol. 1992;110:827-832.
11. van der Schaft TL, de Bruijn WC, Mooy CM, Ketelaars DAM, de Jong PTVM. Is basal laminar deposit unique for age-related macular degeneration? Arch Ophthalmol. 1991;109:420-425.
12. Sarks SH. Drusen and their relationship to senile macular degeneration. Aust J Ophthalmol. 1980;8:117-130.
13. Sarks SH. Changes in the region of the choriocapillaris in aging and degeneration. In: Shimizu K, Oosterhuis JA, eds. Proceedings of the XXIII International Congress, Kyoto, 1978. 1979:228-251.
14. Rosa RH, Thomas M, Green WR. Clinicopathologic correlation of submacular membranectomy with retention of good vision in a patient with age-related macular degeneration. Arch Ophthalmol. 1996;114: 480-487.
15. Ramrattan RS, van der Schaft TL, Mooy CM, de Bruijn WC, Mulder PGH, de Jong PTVM. Morphometric analysis of Bruch's membrane, the choriocapillaris, and the choroid in aging. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1994;35:2857-2864.
16. Olver J, Pauleikhoff D, Bird A. Morphometric analysis of age changes in the choriocapillaris. ARVO Abstracts. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1990;31:47.
17. Sobin SS, Bernick S, Ballard KW. Histochemical characterization of the aging microvasculature in the human and other mammalian and nonmammalian vertebrates by the periodic acid-Schiff reaction. Mech Ageing Dev. 1992;63:183-192.
18. Friedman E, Smith TR. Pathogenesis: Senile changes of the choriocapillaris of the posterior pole. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol. 1965;69:652-661.
19. Arnold JJ, Sarks SH, Killingsworth MC, Sarks JP. Reticular pseudodrusen: A risk factor in age-related maculopathy. Retina. 1995;15:183-191.
20. Kornzweig AL. Changes in the choriocapillaris associated with senile macular degeneration. Ann Ophthalmol. 1977;9:753-792.
21. Tso MOM. Pathogenic factors of aging macular degeneration. Ophthalmology. 1985;92:629-635.
22. Green WR, Key SN III. Senile macular degeneration: A histopathologic study. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 1977;75:180-254.
23. Böker T, Fang T, Steinmetz R. Refractive error and choroidal perfusion characteristics in patients with choroidal neovascularization and age-related macular degeneration. Ger J Ophthalmol. 1993;2:10-13.
24. Chen JC, Fitzke FW, Pauleikhoff D, Bird AC. Poor choroidal perfusion is a cause of visual impairment in age-related macular degeneration. ARVO Abstracts. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1989;30:153.
25. Hayreh SS. Submacular choroidal vascular pattern. Albrecht von Graefe's Arch Klin Exp Ophthalmol. 1974: 192;181-196.
26. Prünte C, Niesel P. Quantification of choroidal blood-flow parameters using indocyanine green video-fluorescence angiography and statistical picture analysis. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1988;226:55-58.
27. Green WR. Retina. In: Spencer WH, ed. Ophthalmic Pathology: An Atlas and Textbook. Vol. II. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1985:924-1033.
28. Huntington AC, Haugan P, McLean IW, Gamel JW. The mean of the ten largest nucleoli as a measure of the malignant potential of ciliochoroidal melanoma. ARVO Abstracts. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1989;30:210.
29. Korte GE, Burns MS, Bellhorn RW. Epithelium-capillary interactions in the eye: The retinal pigment epithelium and the choriocapillaris. Int Rev Cytol. 1989; 114:221-248.
30. Campochiaro PA, Glaser BM. Endothelial cells release a chemoattractant for retinal pigment epithelial cells in vitro. Arch Ophthalmol. 1985;103:1876-1880.
31. Glaser BM, Campochiaro PA, Davis JL Jr, Sato M. Retinal pigment epithelial cells release an inhibitor of neovascularization. Arch Ophthalmol. 1985;103:1870-1875.
32. Heriot W, Henkind P, Bellhorn R, Burns M. Choroidal neovascularization can digest Bruch's membrane. Ophthalmology. 1984;91:1603-1608.
33. Glaser BM, Campochiaro PA, Davis JL, Jerdan LA. Retinal pigment epithelial cells release inhibitors of neovascularization. Ophthalmology. 1987;94:780-784.
34. Miller H, Miller B, Ryan SJ. The role of retinal pigment epithelium in the involution of subretinal neovascularization. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 1986;27: 1644-1652.
35. Korte GE, Reppucci V, Henkind P. RPE destruction causes choriocapillary atrophy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1984;25:1135-1145.
36. Henkind P, Gartner S. The relationship between retinal pigment epithelium and the choriocapillaris. Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK. 1983;103:444-447.
37. Eagle RC. Mechanisms of maculopathy. Ophthalmology. 1984;91:613-625.
38. Pauleikhoff D, Chen JC, Chisholm IH, Bird AC. Choroidal perfusion abnormality with age-related changes in Bruch's membrane. Am J Ophthalmol. 1990;109: 211-217.
39. Pauleikhoff D, Marshall J, Bird AC. Histochemical and morphological correlation of aging changes in Bruch's membrane. ARVO Abstracts. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1989;30:153.
40. Hogan MJ. Role of the retinal pigment epithelium in macular disease. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol. 1972;76:64-80.
41. Frank RN, Green WR, Pollack IP. Senile macular degeneration: Clinicopathologic correlation of a case in the predisciform stage. Am J Ophthalmol. 1973;75:587-594.
42. Spencer WH. Symposium: Macular diseases: pathogenesis: light microscopy. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol. 1965;69:662-667.
43. Green WR, McDonnell PJ, Yeo JH. Pathologic features of senile macular degeneration. Ophthalmology. 1985; 92:615-627.
44. Haugh-Scheidt LM, Linsenmeier RA, Griff ER. Oxygen consumption in the isolated toad retina. Exp Eye Res. 1995;61:63-72.
45. Ahmed J, Braun RD, Dunn R, Linsenmeier RA. Oxygen distribution in the macaque retina. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1993;34:516-521.
46. Okun E. Gross and microscopic pathology in autopsy eyes: II: Peripheral chorioretinal atrophy. Am J Ophthalmol 1960;50:574-583.
47. Sarks SH. Senile choroidal sclerosis. Br J Ophthalmol. 1973;57:98-109.
48. Pe'er J, Shweiki D, Itin A, et al. Hypoxia-induced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor by retinal cells is a common factor in neovascularizing ocular diseases. Lab Invest. 1995;72:651-645.
49. Amin R, Puklin JE, Frank RN. Growth factor localization in choroidal neovascular membranes of age-related macular degeneration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1994;35:3178-3188.
50. Friedman E, Ivry M, Ebert E, et al. Increased scierai rigidity and age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmology. 1989;96:104-108.
51. Friedman E. Scierai rigidity, venous obstruction, and age-related macular degeneration: A working hypothesis. In: BenEzra D, Ryan SJ, Glaser BM, Murphy RP, eds. Ocular Circulation and Neovascularization. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff/Dr W. Junk Publishers; 1987: 197-204.
52. Friedman E, Krupsky S, Lane AM, et al. Ocular blood flow velocity in age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmology. 1995;102:640-646.
53. Maltzman BA, Mulvihill MN, Greenbaum A. Senile macular degeneration and risk factors: A case-control study. Ann Ophthalmol. 1979;11:1197-1201.
54. Sandberg MA, Tolentino MJ, Miller S, Berson EL, Gaudio AR. Hyperopia and neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmology. 1993; 100:1009-1013.
55. Hyman LG, Lilienfeld AM, Ferris FL III, Fine SL. Senile macular degeneration: A case-control study. Am J Epidemiol. 1983;118:213-227.
56. Delaney WV Jr, Oates RP. Senile macular degeneration: A preliminary study. Ann Ophthalmol. 1982;14: 21-24.
57. Goldberg J, Flowerdew G, Smith E, et al. Factors associated with age-related macular degeneration. Am J Epidemiol. 1988;128:700-710.
58. Gibson JM, Shaw DE, Rosenthal AR. Senile cataract and senile macular degeneration: An investigation into possible risk factors. Trans Ophthalmol Sac UK. 1986;105:463-468.
59. Curcio CA, Medeiros NE, Millican CL. Photoreceptor loss in age-related macular degeneration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1996;37:1236-1249.
60. Coffey AJH, Brownstein S. The prevalence of macular drusen in postmortem eyes. Am J Ophthalmol. 1986;102: 164-171.
61. Lewis H, Straatsma BR, Foos RY. Chorioretinal juncture: Multiple extramacular drusen. Ophthalmology. 1986;93:1098-1112.
62. Sunness JS, Massof RW, Johnson MA, Finkelstein D, Fine SL. Peripheral retinal function in age-related macular degeneration. Arch Ophthalmol. 1985;103:811-816.