메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 27, Issue 12, 1996, Pages 2331-2336

A reappraisal of reliability and validity studies in stroke

Author keywords

cerebrovascular disorders; epidemiology; stroke assessment; stroke classification

Indexed keywords

ACCURACY; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CLINICAL EXAMINATION; CLINICAL RESEARCH; DISABILITY; HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RELIABILITY; REVIEW; STROKE;

EID: 0030470955     PISSN: 00392499     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/01.STR.27.12.2331     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (149)

References (83)
  • 1
    • 0026517484 scopus 로고
    • Clinical examination in diagnosis and subclassification of stroke
    • Bamford J. Clinical examination in diagnosis and subclassification of stroke. Lancet. 1992;339:400-402.
    • (1992) Lancet , vol.339 , pp. 400-402
    • Bamford, J.1
  • 2
    • 0020823669 scopus 로고
    • An additional basic science for clinical medicine, I: The constraining fundamental paradigms
    • Feinstein AR. An additional basic science for clinical medicine, I: the constraining fundamental paradigms. Ann Intern Med. 1983;99: 393-397.
    • (1983) Ann Intern Med. , vol.99 , pp. 393-397
    • Feinstein, A.R.1
  • 3
    • 0021064635 scopus 로고
    • An additional basic science for clinical medicine, III: The challenges of comparison and measurement
    • Feinstein AR. An additional basic science for clinical medicine, III: the challenges of comparison and measurement. Ann Intern Med. 1983;99:705-712.
    • (1983) Ann Intern Med. , vol.99 , pp. 705-712
    • Feinstein, A.R.1
  • 4
    • 0021050472 scopus 로고
    • An additional basic science for clinical medicine, IV: The development of clinimetrics
    • Feinstein AR. An additional basic science for clinical medicine, IV: the development of clinimetrics. Ann Intern Med. 1983;99:843-848.
    • (1983) Ann Intern Med. , vol.99 , pp. 843-848
    • Feinstein, A.R.1
  • 5
    • 0023254689 scopus 로고
    • Clinimetrics in stroke research
    • Asplund K. Clinimetrics in stroke research. Stroke. 1987;18:528-530.
    • (1987) Stroke , vol.18 , pp. 528-530
    • Asplund, K.1
  • 6
    • 0025169149 scopus 로고
    • Measuring interrater reliability among multiple raters: An example of methods for nominal data
    • Posner KL, Sampson PD, Caplan RA, Ward RJ, Cheney FW. Measuring interrater reliability among multiple raters: an example of methods for nominal data. Stat Med. 1990;9:1103-1115.
    • (1990) Stat Med. , vol.9 , pp. 1103-1115
    • Posner, K.L.1    Sampson, P.D.2    Caplan, R.A.3    Ward, R.J.4    Cheney, F.W.5
  • 7
    • 0026702145 scopus 로고
    • Measures of clinical agreement for nominal and categorical data: The kappa coefficient
    • Cyr L, Francis K. Measures of clinical agreement for nominal and categorical data: the kappa coefficient. Comput Biol Med. 1992;22: 239-246.
    • (1992) Comput Biol Med. , vol.22 , pp. 239-246
    • Cyr, L.1    Francis, K.2
  • 8
    • 0022964976 scopus 로고
    • The kappa coefficient of agreement for multiple observer when the number of subjects is small
    • Gross ST. The kappa coefficient of agreement for multiple observer when the number of subjects is small. Biometrics. 1986;42:883-893.
    • (1986) Biometrics , vol.42 , pp. 883-893
    • Gross, S.T.1
  • 9
    • 0025787813 scopus 로고
    • A critical appraisal of stroke evaluation and rating scales
    • Lyden PD, Lau GT. A critical appraisal of stroke evaluation and rating scales. Stroke. 1991;22:1345-1352.
    • (1991) Stroke , vol.22 , pp. 1345-1352
    • Lyden, P.D.1    Lau, G.T.2
  • 12
    • 0025133182 scopus 로고
    • The frequency, causes, and timing of death within 30 days of a first stroke: The Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project
    • Bamford J, Dennis M, Sandercock P, Burn J, Warlow CP. The frequency, causes, and timing of death within 30 days of a first stroke: the Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1990;53:824-829.
    • (1990) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.53 , pp. 824-829
    • Bamford, J.1    Dennis, M.2    Sandercock, P.3    Burn, J.4    Warlow, C.P.5
  • 13
  • 16
    • 0002027554 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of outcome in stroke prevention trials
    • Van Gijn J. Measurement of outcome in stroke prevention trials. Cerebrovasc Dis. 1992;2(suppl 2):23-34.
    • (1992) Cerebrovasc Dis. , vol.2 , Issue.2 SUPPL. , pp. 23-34
    • Van Gijn, J.1
  • 17
    • 0025412531 scopus 로고
    • Special Report from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke: Classification of Cerebrovascular Diseases III
    • Special Report from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke: Classification of Cerebrovascular Diseases III. Stroke. 1990;21:637-676.
    • (1990) Stroke , vol.21 , pp. 637-676
  • 18
    • 18844480781 scopus 로고
    • Classification of stroke for clinical trials
    • Hachinski VC. Classification of stroke for clinical trials. Stroke. 1990;21(suppl II):II-27-II-29.
    • (1990) Stroke , vol.21 , Issue.2 SUPPL.
    • Hachinski, V.C.1
  • 19
    • 0002430878 scopus 로고
    • Classification of ischemic strokes
    • Barnett HJM, Stein BM, Mohr JP, Yatsu FM, eds. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone Inc
    • Mohr JP, Sacco RL. Classification of ischemic strokes. In: Barnett HJM, Stein BM, Mohr JP, Yatsu FM, eds. Stroke: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone Inc; 1992:271-283.
    • (1992) Stroke: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management. 2nd Ed. , pp. 271-283
    • Mohr, J.P.1    Sacco, R.L.2
  • 20
    • 0025739901 scopus 로고
    • Classification and natural history of clinically identifiable subtypes of cerebral infarction
    • Bamford J, Sandercock P, Dennis M, Burn J, Warlow C. Classification and natural history of clinically identifiable subtypes of cerebral infarction. Lancet. 1991;337:1521-1526.
    • (1991) Lancet , vol.337 , pp. 1521-1526
    • Bamford, J.1    Sandercock, P.2    Dennis, M.3    Burn, J.4    Warlow, C.5
  • 21
    • 0024748013 scopus 로고
    • Recommendations on stroke prevention, diagnosis, and therapy
    • WHO Task Force on Stroke and Other Cerebrovascular Diseases. Recommendations on stroke prevention, diagnosis, and therapy. Stroke. 1989;20:1407-1431.
    • (1989) Stroke , vol.20 , pp. 1407-1431
  • 22
    • 0023748709 scopus 로고
    • The Lausanne Stroke Registry: Analysis of 1000 consecutive patients with first stroke
    • Bogousslavsky J, Van Melle G, Regli F. The Lausanne Stroke Registry: analysis of 1000 consecutive patients with first stroke. Stroke. 1988;19:1083-1092.
    • (1988) Stroke , vol.19 , pp. 1083-1092
    • Bogousslavsky, J.1    Van Melle, G.2    Regli, F.3
  • 23
    • 0000498003 scopus 로고
    • The Scandinavian Neurological Scale
    • Candelise L, ed. Stroke scores and scales
    • Boysen G. The Scandinavian Neurological Scale. In: Candelise L, ed. Stroke scores and scales. Cerebrovasc Dis. 1992;4:239-240.
    • (1992) Cerebrovasc Dis. , vol.4 , pp. 239-240
    • Boysen, G.1
  • 24
    • 8044243261 scopus 로고
    • Utility of the NIH stroke scale
    • Candelise L, ed. Stroke scores and scales
    • Brott T. Utility of the NIH stroke scale. In: Candelise L, ed. Stroke scores and scales. Cerebrovasc Dis. 1992;4:241-242.
    • (1992) Cerebrovasc Dis. , vol.4 , pp. 241-242
    • Brott, T.1
  • 25
    • 85035190150 scopus 로고
    • Scaling neurological impairment after middle cerebral artery infarction
    • Candelise L, ed. Stroke scores and scales
    • Orgogozo JM. Scaling neurological impairment after middle cerebral artery infarction. In: Candelise L, ed. Stroke scores and scales. Cerebrovasc Dis. 1992;4:242-243.
    • (1992) Cerebrovasc Dis. , vol.4 , pp. 242-243
    • Orgogozo, J.M.1
  • 26
    • 0000217311 scopus 로고
    • The Canadian Neurological Scale
    • Candelise L, ed. Stroke scores and scales
    • Côté R, Hachinski VC. The Canadian Neurological Scale. In: Candelise L, ed. Stroke scores and scales. Cerebrovasc Dis. 1992;4: 243-244.
    • (1992) Cerebrovasc Dis. , vol.4 , pp. 243-244
    • Côté, R.1    Hachinski, V.C.2
  • 27
    • 70449137214 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral vascular accidents in patients over the age of 60, II: Prognosis
    • Rankin J. Cerebral vascular accidents in patients over the age of 60, II: prognosis. Scott Med J. 1957;2:200-215.
    • (1957) Scott Med J. , vol.2 , pp. 200-215
    • Rankin, J.1
  • 28
    • 0003112994 scopus 로고
    • Methodology of clinical trials in acute cerebral ischemia: Survival, functional and neurological outcome measures
    • Orgogozo JM, Dartigues JF. Methodology of clinical trials in acute cerebral ischemia: survival, functional and neurological outcome measures. Cerebrovasc Dis. 1991;1(suppl 1):100-111.
    • (1991) Cerebrovasc Dis. , vol.1 , Issue.1 SUPPL. , pp. 100-111
    • Orgogozo, J.M.1    Dartigues, J.F.2
  • 29
    • 0000217311 scopus 로고
    • Down with stroke scales
    • Candelise L, ed. Stroke scores and scales
    • Van Gijn J, Warlow C. Down with stroke scales. In: Candelise L, ed. Stroke scores and scales. Cerebrovasc Dis. 1992;4:244-246.
    • (1992) Cerebrovasc Dis. , vol.4 , pp. 244-246
    • Van Gijn, J.1    Warlow, C.2
  • 30
    • 0027505093 scopus 로고
    • Secondary prevention in non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation after transient ischemic attack or minor stroke
    • EAFT (European Atrial Fibrillation Trial Study Group). Secondary prevention in non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation after transient ischemic attack or minor stroke. Lancet. 1993;342:1255-1262.
    • (1993) Lancet , vol.342 , pp. 1255-1262
  • 31
    • 0026048320 scopus 로고
    • Stroke prevention in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: A review of prospective randomized trials
    • Albers GW, Sherman DG, Gress DR, Paulseth JE, Petersen P. Stroke prevention in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: a review of prospective randomized trials. Ann Neurol. 1991;30:511-518.
    • (1991) Ann Neurol. , vol.30 , pp. 511-518
    • Albers, G.W.1    Sherman, D.G.2    Gress, D.R.3    Paulseth, J.E.4    Petersen, P.5
  • 32
    • 0025734372 scopus 로고
    • Beneficial effect of carotid endarterectomy in symptomatic patients with high-grade carotid stenosis
    • North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators. Beneficial effect of carotid endarterectomy in symptomatic patients with high-grade carotid stenosis. N Engl J Med. 1991;325: 445-453.
    • (1991) N Engl J Med. , vol.325 , pp. 445-453
  • 33
    • 0024396437 scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial comparing ticlopidine hydrochloride with aspirin for the prevention of stroke in high-risk patients
    • Hass WK, Easton JD, Adams HP, Pryse-Phillips W, Molony BA, Anderson S, Kamm B. A randomized trial comparing ticlopidine hydrochloride with aspirin for the prevention of stroke in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med. 1989;321:501-507.
    • (1989) N Engl J Med. , vol.321 , pp. 501-507
    • Hass, W.K.1    Easton, J.D.2    Adams, H.P.3    Pryse-Phillips, W.4    Molony, B.A.5    Anderson, S.6    Kamm, B.7
  • 34
    • 0028783948 scopus 로고
    • Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke
    • This work was published after the bibliographical search but is included because of relevance
    • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Study Group. Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 1995;333:1581-1587. (This work was published after the bibliographical search but is included because of relevance.)
    • (1995) N Engl J Med. , vol.333 , pp. 1581-1587
  • 39
    • 0030044789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interobserver agreement in the classification of stroke in the Physicians Health Study
    • This work was published after the bibliographical search but is included because of relevance
    • Berger K, Case CS, Buring JE. Interobserver agreement in the classification of stroke in the Physicians Health Study. Stroke. 1996;27: 238-242. (This work was published after the bibliographical search but is included because of relevance.)
    • (1996) Stroke , vol.27 , pp. 238-242
    • Berger, K.1    Case, C.S.2    Buring, J.E.3
  • 42
    • 0024321863 scopus 로고
    • Interrater reliability of the NIH stroke scale
    • Goldstein LB, Bertels C, Davis JN. Interrater reliability of the NIH stroke scale. Arch Neurol. 1989;46:660-662.
    • (1989) Arch Neurol. , vol.46 , pp. 660-662
    • Goldstein, L.B.1    Bertels, C.2    Davis, J.N.3
  • 43
    • 0023951628 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of interobserver variability in a Dutch multicenter study on acute ischemic stroke
    • Gelmers HJ, Gorter K, de Weerdt CJ, Wiezer HJA. Assessment of interobserver variability in a Dutch multicenter study on acute ischemic stroke. Stroke. 1988;19:709-711.
    • (1988) Stroke , vol.19 , pp. 709-711
    • Gelmers, H.J.1    Gorter, K.2    De Weerdt, C.J.3    Wiezer, H.J.A.4
  • 50
    • 0024687877 scopus 로고
    • Interobserver agreement for the assessment of handicap in stroke patients
    • Letter
    • Bamford JM, Sandercock PAG, Warlow CP, Slattery J. Interobserver agreement for the assessment of handicap in stroke patients. Stroke. 1989;20:828. Letter.
    • (1989) Stroke , vol.20 , pp. 828
    • Bamford, J.M.1    Sandercock, P.A.G.2    Warlow, C.P.3    Slattery, J.4
  • 51
    • 0026094263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of scales of disability and handicap for stroke patients
    • Wolfe CDA, Taub NA, Woodrow EJ, Burney PGJ. Assessment of scales of disability and handicap for stroke patients. Stroke. 1996; 22:1242-1244.
    • (1996) Stroke , vol.22 , pp. 1242-1244
    • Wolfe, C.D.A.1    Taub, N.A.2    Woodrow, E.J.3    Burney, P.G.J.4
  • 56
    • 0029396749 scopus 로고
    • Accuracy of initial stroke subtype diagnosis in the TOAST study
    • This work was published after the bibliographical search but is included because of relevance
    • Madden KP, Karanjia PN, Adams HP Jr, Clarke WR, and the TOAST investigators. Accuracy of initial stroke subtype diagnosis in the TOAST study. Neurology. 1995;45:1975-1979. (This work was published after the bibliographical search but is included because of relevance.)
    • (1995) Neurology , vol.45 , pp. 1975-1979
    • Madden, K.P.1    Karanjia, P.N.2    Adams Jr., H.P.3    Clarke, W.R.4
  • 58
    • 0029120623 scopus 로고
    • Unified Neurological Stroke Scale is valid in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke
    • Edwards DF, Chen YW, Diringer MN. Unified Neurological Stroke Scale is valid in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Stroke. 1995;26: 1852-1858.
    • (1995) Stroke , vol.26 , pp. 1852-1858
    • Edwards, D.F.1    Chen, Y.W.2    Diringer, M.N.3
  • 60
    • 0020047976 scopus 로고
    • Lacunar strokes and infarcts: A review
    • Fisher CM. Lacunar strokes and infarcts: a review. Neurology. 1982; 32:871-876.
    • (1982) Neurology , vol.32 , pp. 871-876
    • Fisher, C.M.1
  • 62
    • 8044248117 scopus 로고
    • Brain or nosology lacunes
    • Editorial
    • Bogousslavsky J. Brain or nosology lacunes. Cerebrovasc Dis. 1991; 1:305. Editorial.
    • (1991) Cerebrovasc Dis. , vol.1 , pp. 305
    • Bogousslavsky, J.1
  • 63
    • 0025336873 scopus 로고
    • Clinical study of 227 patients with lacunar infarcts
    • Arboix A, Martí-Vilalta JL, García JH. Clinical study of 227 patients with lacunar infarcts. Stroke. 1990;21:842-847.
    • (1990) Stroke , vol.21 , pp. 842-847
    • Arboix, A.1    Martí-Vilalta, J.L.2    García, J.H.3
  • 64
    • 0028107715 scopus 로고
    • What causes false clinical predictors of small deep infarcts?
    • Lodder J, Bamford J, Kappelle LJ, Boiten J. What causes false clinical predictors of small deep infarcts? Stroke. 1994;25:86-91.
    • (1994) Stroke , vol.25 , pp. 86-91
    • Lodder, J.1    Bamford, J.2    Kappelle, L.J.3    Boiten, J.4
  • 65
    • 0025033780 scopus 로고
    • The fallacy of the lacune hypothesis
    • Millikan C, Futrell N. The fallacy of the lacune hypothesis. Stroke. 1990;21:1251-1257.
    • (1990) Stroke , vol.21 , pp. 1251-1257
    • Millikan, C.1    Futrell, N.2
  • 69
    • 0024502946 scopus 로고
    • The Hamburg stroke data bank: Goals, design and preliminary results
    • Spitzer K, Becker V, Thie A, Kunze K. The Hamburg stroke data bank: goals, design and preliminary results. J Neurol. 1989;236: 139-144.
    • (1989) J Neurol. , vol.236 , pp. 139-144
    • Spitzer, K.1    Becker, V.2    Thie, A.3    Kunze, K.4
  • 70
    • 0023926955 scopus 로고
    • The pilot stroke data bank: Design, methods, and baseline characteristics
    • Foulkes MA, Wolf PA, Price TR, Mohr JP, Hier DB. The pilot stroke data bank: design, methods, and baseline characteristics. Stroke. 1988;19:547-554.
    • (1988) Stroke , vol.19 , pp. 547-554
    • Foulkes, M.A.1    Wolf, P.A.2    Price, T.R.3    Mohr, J.P.4    Hier, D.B.5
  • 73
    • 0027957529 scopus 로고
    • Serial assessment of acute stroke using the NIH Stroke Scale
    • Wityk RJ, Pessin MS, Kaplan RF, Caplan LR. Serial assessment of acute stroke using the NIH Stroke Scale. Stroke. 1994;25:362-365.
    • (1994) Stroke , vol.25 , pp. 362-365
    • Wityk, R.J.1    Pessin, M.S.2    Kaplan, R.F.3    Caplan, L.R.4
  • 75
    • 0005215434 scopus 로고
    • Rehabilitation of the stroke survivor
    • Barnett HJM, Stein BM, Mohr JP, Yatsu FM, eds. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone Inc
    • Gresham GE. Rehabilitation of the stroke survivor. In: Barnett HJM, Stein BM, Mohr JP, Yatsu FM, eds. Stroke: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone Inc; 1992:1189-1201.
    • (1992) Stroke: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management. 2nd Ed. , pp. 1189-1201
    • Gresham, G.E.1
  • 76
    • 85006173775 scopus 로고
    • Task Force on Stroke Disability and Task Force on Stroke Handicap: Symposium recommendations for methodology in stroke outcome research
    • Task Force on Stroke Impairment. Task Force on Stroke Disability and Task Force on Stroke Handicap: symposium recommendations for methodology in stroke outcome research. Stroke. 1990;21(suppl II):II-68-II-73.
    • (1990) Stroke , vol.21 , Issue.2 SUPPL.
  • 77
    • 0023872865 scopus 로고
    • Stroke rehabilitation outcome: Impact of coronary artery disease
    • Roth EJ, Mueller K, Green D. Stroke rehabilitation outcome: impact of coronary artery disease. Stroke. 1988;19:42-47.
    • (1988) Stroke , vol.19 , pp. 42-47
    • Roth, E.J.1    Mueller, K.2    Green, D.3
  • 78
    • 0025310669 scopus 로고
    • The impact of poststroke depression on recovery in activities of daily living over a 2-year follow-up
    • Parikh RM, Robinson RG, Lipsey JR, Starkstein SE, Fedoroff P, Price T. The impact of poststroke depression on recovery in activities of daily living over a 2-year follow-up. Arch Neurol. 1990;47:785-789.
    • (1990) Arch Neurol. , vol.47 , pp. 785-789
    • Parikh, R.M.1    Robinson, R.G.2    Lipsey, J.R.3    Starkstein, S.E.4    Fedoroff, P.5    Price, T.6
  • 79
    • 70450195021 scopus 로고
    • Functional evaluation: The Barthel Index
    • Mahoney FJ, Barthel DW. Functional evaluation: the Barthel Index. Md State Med J. 1965;14:61-65.
    • (1965) Md State Med J. , vol.14 , pp. 61-65
    • Mahoney, F.J.1    Barthel, D.W.2
  • 80
    • 0026535254 scopus 로고
    • Reliability of the modified Rankin scale
    • Letter
    • Burn JPS. Reliability of the modified Rankin scale. Stroke. 1992; 23:438. Letter.
    • (1992) Stroke , vol.23 , pp. 438
    • Burn, J.P.S.1
  • 81
    • 0024110122 scopus 로고
    • Interobserver agreement for the assessment of handicap in stroke patients
    • Letter
    • Bloch RF. Interobserver agreement for the assessment of handicap in stroke patients. Stroke. 1988;19:1448. Letter.
    • (1988) Stroke , vol.19 , pp. 1448
    • Bloch, R.F.1
  • 82
    • 0002967988 scopus 로고
    • Neurological scales in the assessment of cerebral infarction
    • Hanston L, De Keyser J. Neurological scales in the assessment of cerebral infarction. Cerebrovasc Dis. 1994(suppl 2):7-14.
    • (1994) Cerebrovasc Dis. , Issue.2 SUPPL. , pp. 7-14
    • Hanston, L.1    De Keyser, J.2
  • 83
    • 0029050323 scopus 로고
    • Intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator for acute hemispheric stroke: The European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study (ECASS)
    • Hacke W, Kaste M, Fieschi C, Toni D, Lesaffre E, von Kummer R, Boysen G, Bluhmki E, Höxter G, Mahagne MH, Hennerici M, for the ECASS Study Group. Intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator for acute hemispheric stroke: the European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study (ECASS). JAMA. 1995;274:1017-1026.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.274 , pp. 1017-1026
    • Hacke, W.1    Kaste, M.2    Fieschi, C.3    Toni, D.4    Lesaffre, E.5    Von Kummer, R.6    Boysen, G.7    Bluhmki, E.8    Höxter, G.9    Mahagne, M.H.10    Hennerici, M.11


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.