BOD5 removal in facultative ponds: Experience in Tanzania

Water Science and Technology

Volumn 34, Issue 11 pt 7, 1996, Pages 107-117

  Mayo, Aloice W ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF DAR ES SALAAM   (Tanzania)

Author keywords

BOD5 design equations; BOD5 removal rate; Facultative ponds; Tropical climates

Indexed keywords

ALGAE; BIOLOGICAL SEWAGE TREATMENT; CONCENTRATION (PROCESS); EFFLUENTS; STABILIZATION PONDS;

FACULTATIVE PONDS;

BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND;

BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND; CONFERENCE PAPER; POND; TANZANIA; TROPIC CLIMATE; WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT;

ALGAE;

EID: 0030465725     PISSN: 02731223     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0273-1223(96)00827-X     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (33)

1. Arthur, J. P. (1983) Notes on the design and operation of waste stabilization ponds in warm climates of developing countries. World Bank Technical paper 7, The World Bank, Washington D.C.
2. Ellis K. V. and Rodrigues P. C. C. (1993) Verification of two design approaches for stabilization ponds. Wat. Res., 21(9), 1447-1454.
3. Gloyna, E. F. (1971) Waste stabilization ponds. World Health Organization, Geneva.
4. Gomes de Sousa J. M. (1987) Wastewater stabilization lagoon design criteria for Portugal. Wat. Sci. Technol., 19(12), 7-16.
5. Hermann, E. R. and Gloyna, E. F. (1958) Waste stabilization ponds III: Formulation of design equations. Sewage and Industrial Wastes, 30(8), 963-975.
6. Howard Humphrey and Partners (1988) Dar es Salaam foul sewage and sanitation project: Stage II, Preliminary engineering design report. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
7. Huang, J. C. and Gloyna, E. F. (1968) Effect of organic compounds on photosymhetic oxygenation-II: Design modification for waste stabilization ponds. Wat. Res., 2, 459-469.
8. Mara, D. D. (1974) Design manual for sewage in the tropics. East African Literature Bureau, Nairobi, Kenya.
9. Mara, D. D. (1987) Waste stabilization ponds: Problems and controversies. Water Quality International, 1, 20-22.
10. Mara, D. D. and Pearson, H. W. (1987) Waste stabilization ponds: Manual for Mediterranean Europe. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe.
11. Marais, G. v. R. (1966) New factors in the design, operation and performance of waste stabilization ponds. Bulletin World Health Organization, 34, 737-763.
12. Marais, G. v. R. (1970) Dynamic behavior of oxidation ponds. In Proc. 2nd Symp. Waste Treatment Lagoons. Missouri Basin Engineering Health Council, Kansas City.
13. Marais, G. v. R. and Shaw, V. A. (1961) A rational theory for the design of sewage stabilization ponds in Central and Southern Africa. Trans. South Africa Inst. Eng, 3, 205-227.
14. Masanja, L. R. (1991) Performance evaluation of University waste stabilization ponds. Unpublished project No. 20-89-40, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
15. Mayo, A. W. (1988) Bacterial die-off in waste stabilization ponds receiving domestic wastewater in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. M.Sc. Thesis, Tampere University of Technology, Finland.
16. Mayo, A. W. (1989) Effect of pond depth on bacterial mortality rate. J. Envir. Engng Div., Am. Soc. Civ. Engrs, 115(5), 964-977.
17. Mayo, A. W. (1991) Environmental pollution: A challenge to engineers. The Tanzania Engineer, Journal of the Institution of Engineers Tanzania, 3(4), 29-34
18. Mayo, A. W. (1992) Faecal coliform and BOD reduction in facultative ponds under tropical climatic conditions. Environmental Protection and Control Technology, Environmental Management and Research Association of Malaysia, 2, 477-488.
19. Mayo, A. W. (1995a) Modeling coliform mortality in waste stabilization ponds. J. Environ. Engrg. Div., Amer. Soc. Civ. Engrs, 121(2), 140-152.
20. Mayo, A. W. (1995b) Physical-chemical factors influencing growth and mortality of microorganisms in oxidation ponds. Ph.D. Thesis, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
21. Mayo, A. W. and Gondwe, E. S. (1989) Quality changes in ponds with different pond depths and hydraulic retention times. Water Quality Bulletin, 14(3), Ontario, Canada, 155-159 and 168.
22. Mayo, A. W. and Noike, T. (1993) Effect of Glucose Loading on Carbon Distribution in Algal-Bacterial System. Environmental Engineering Research, Japan Society of Civil Engineers, 30, 51-60.
23. Meghji, M. R. and Merinyo, G. (1989) Water based pollution in Dar es Salaam. In Proc. of the Environ. Pollut. and its Mngmt in Eastern Africa, Sept., Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 103-128.
24. McGarry, M. C. and Pescod, M. B. (1970) Stabilization pond design criteria for tropical Asia. In Proc. 2nd Symp. Waste Treatment Lagoons. Missouri Basin Engineenng Health Council, Kansas City.
25. Mogensen, U. and Lundall, M. (1991) Evaluation of Lugalo waste stabilization pond, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Diploma project, Civil Engrg Dept., The Engineering Academy of Denmark.
26. Njau, F. Z. (1994) Development of waste stabilization ponds in Tanzania. In National workshop on waste stabilization ponds, January 13-15, 1994, Arusha, Tanzania, 13-16.
27. Novak J. T. (1974) Temperature-substrate interactions in biological treatment. J. Wat. Pollut. Control Fed., 46(8), 1984-1994.
28. Ramadhan, M. (1992) Evaluation of Vingunguti waste stabilization ponds treating municipal and industrial wastewaters. M.Sc. Thesis, Tampere University of Technology, Finland.
29. Siddiqi R. H. and Handa B. K. (1971) Evaluation of some stabilization ponds in India. J. Sanit. Engrg Div., Am. Soc. Civ. Engrs, 1, 91-100.
30. Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater (1985) American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association and Water Pollution Control Federation, 16th edition.
31. Thirumurthi, D. (1969) Design principles for waste stabilization ponds. J. Sanit. Engrg Div., Am. Soc. Civ. Engrs, 95(2), 311.
32. Thirumurthi, D. (1979) Design criteria for aerobic aerated lagoons. J. Sanit. Engng Div., Am. Soc. Civ. Engrs, 105, 135-148.
33. Varma, M. M. and Nepal, J. K. (1972) Kinetics of soluble substrate assimilation. J. Wat. Pollut. Control Fed., 44(12), 2316-2324.