The Pan-African Toro Complex (northern Nigeria): Magmatic interactions and structures in a bimodal intrusion

Geological Magazine

Volumn 133, Issue 5, 1996, Pages 535-552

  Deleris J ^a   Nedelec A ^a   Ferre E ^a,b   Gleizes, G ^a   Menot R P ^c   Obasi, C K ^b   Bouchez, J L ^a  

^a CNRS   (France)

^b UNIVERSITY OF JOS   (Nigeria)

^c UNIVERSITÉ JEAN MONNET   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANISOTROPY OF MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY; BIMODAL MAGMATISM; GRANITE DIORITE; PAN AFRICAN OROGENY;

NIGERIA, TORO COMPLEX;

EID: 0030464188     PISSN: 00167568     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/s0016756800007822     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. AJIBADE, A. C. & FITCHES, W. R. 1988. The Nigerian Precambrian and the Pan-African orogeny. In Precambrian geology of Nigeria (ed. Geological Survey of Nigeria), pp. 45-53. Kaduna.
2. BAKER, D. R. 1991. Interdiffusion of hydrous dacitic and rhyolitic melts and the efficacy of rhyolite contamination of dacitic enclaves. Contribution to Mineralogy and Petrology 106,462-73.
3. BARBARIN, B. 1990. Plagioclase xenocryst and mafic magmatic enclaves in some granitoids of the Sierra Nevada batholith, California. Journal of Geophysical Research 95, 17747-56.
4. BARBARIN, B. & DIDIER, J. 1991. Macroscopic features of mafic microgranular enclaves. In Enclaves and granite petrology (eds J. Didier and B. Barbarin), pp. 253-61. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
5. BESSOLLES, B. & TROMPETTE, R. 1980. La chaîne panafricaine: zone mobile d'Afrique centrale et zone mobile soudanaise. Mémoire Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières 92, 375 pp.
6. BERTRAND, J. M. & CABY, R. 1978. Geodynamic evolution of the Central Saharan Pan-African mobile belt: a new interpretation of the Hoggar shield (Algerian Sahara). Geologische Rundschau 67, 357-88.
7. BLACK, R., CABY, R., MOUSSINE-POUCHKINE, A., BAYER, R., BERTRAND, J. M., BOULLIER, A. M., FABRE, J. & LESQUER, A. 1979. Evidence for late Precambrian plate tectonics in West Africa. Nature 278, 223-5.
8. BLAKE, S. & CAMPBELL, I. H. 1986. The dynamics of magmamixing during flow in volcanic conduits. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 94,72-81.
9. BLAKE, D. H., ELWELL, R. W. D., GIBSON, I. L., SKELHORN, R. R. & WALKER, G. P. L. 1965. Some relationships resulting from the intimate association of acid and basic magmas. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London 121, 31-49.
10. BLUNDY, J. D. & SPARKS, R. S. J. 1992. Petrogenesis of mafic inclusions in granitoids of the Adamello Massif, Italy. Journal of Petrology 33, 1039-1104.
11. BORRADAILE, G. J. 1988. Magnetic susceptibility, petrofabrics and strain. Tectonophysics 156, 1-20.
12. BOUCHEZ, J.-L., DELAS, C., GLEIZES, G., NÉDÉLEC, A. & CUNEY, M. 1992. Submagmatic microfractures in granites. Geology 20, 35-38.
13. BOUCHEZ, J.-L. & GLEIZES, G. 1995. Two stage deformation of the Mont-Louis-Andorra granite pluton (Variscan Pyrenees) inferred from magnetic susceptibility anisotropy. Journal of the Geological Society, London 152, 669-79.
14. BOUCHEZ, J.-L., GLEIZES, G., DJOUADI, T. & ROCHETTE, P. 1990. Microstructure and magnetic susceptibility applied to emplacement kinematics of granites: the example of the Foix pluton (French Pyrenees). Tectonophysics 184, 157-71.
15. CABY, R. 1989. Precambrian terranes of Benin-Nigeria and north-east Brazil and the late Proterozoic south Atlantic fit. Geological Society of America Special Paper 230, 145-58.
16. CASTAING, C., FEYBESSE, J.-L., THIÉBLEMONT, D., TRIBOULET, C. & CHEVREMONT, P. 1994. Paleogeographical reconstructions of the Pan-African - Brasiliano orogen: closure of an oceanic domain or intracontinental convergence between major blocks? Precambrian Research 69, 327-44.
17. CASTRO, A., DE LA ROSA, J. D. & STEPHENS, W. E. 1990. Magma mixing in the subvolcanic environment: petrology of the Gerena interaction zone near Seville. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 105, 9-26.
18. CASTRO, A. & STEPHENS, W. E. 1992. Amphibole-rich polycrystalline clots in calc-alkaline granitic rocks and their enclaves. Canadian Mineralogist 30, 1093-1112.
19. COCIRTA, C. 1986. Les enclaves microgrenues sombres du massif de Bono (Sardaigne septentrionale). Signification pétrogénétique des plagioclases complexes et de leurs inclusions. Comptes rendus de l'Académie des Sciences 302, 441-6.
20. GRUDEN, A. R. 1990. Flow and fabric development during the diapiric rise of magma. Journal of Geology 98, 681-98.
21. CZAMANSKE, G. K., ISHIHARA, S. & ATKIN, S. A. 1981. Chemistry of rock-forming minerals of the Cretaceous-Paleocene batholith in southwestern Japan and implications for magma genesis. Journal of Geophysical Research 86, 10431-69.
22. DADA, S. S., LANCELOT, J. R. & BRIQUEU, L. 1989. Age and origin of the annular charnockitic complex at Tore, northern Nigeria: U-Pb and Rb-Sr evidence. Journal of African Earth Sciences 9, 227-34.
23. DEBON, F. 1991. Comparative major element chemistry in various "microgranular enclave - plutonic host" pair. In Enclaves and granite petrology (eds J. Didier and B. Barbarin), pp. 293-312. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
24. DIDIER, J., FERNANDEZ, A. & EL MOURAOUHA, A. 1989. A model for the genesis of granitic magmas by crustal melting around mafic intrusions: The Peyron diorite near Burzet (Ardèche, Massif Central Français). In Magma-Crust Interactions and Evolution, pp. 163-92. Athens: Theophrastus Publications.
25. DORAIS, M. J., WHITNEY, J. A. & RODEN, M. F. 1990. Origin of mafic enclaves in the Dinkey Creek pluton, central Sierra Nevada batholith, California. Journal of Petrology 31, 853-81.
26. EBERZ, G. W. & NICHOLLS, I. A. 1990. Chemical modification of enclave magma by post-emplacement crystal fractionation, diffusion and metasomatism. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 104, 47-55.
27. FALCONER, J. D. 1911. The geology and geography of northern Nigeria. London: MacMillan, 295 pp.
28. FERNANDEZ, A. & BARBARIN, B. 1991. Relative rheology of coeval mafic and felsic magmas: nature of resulting interaction processes and shape and mineral fabrics of mafic microgranular enclaves. In Enclaves and granite petrology (eds J. Didier and B. Barbarin), pp. 263-75. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
29. FERNANDEZ, A. & GASQUET, D. R. 1994. Relative rheological evolution of chemically contrasted coeval magmas: example of the Tichka plutonic complex. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 116, 316-26.
30. FERRÉ, E., DÉLÉRIS, J., BOUCHEZ, J.-L., LAR, A. U. & PEUCAT, J.-J. 1996. The Pan-African reactivation of Eburnian and Archaean provinces in Nigeria: structural and isotopic data. Journal of the Geological Society, London 153 (in press).
31. FERRÉ, E., GLEIZES, G., BOUCHEZ, J.-L. & NNABO, P. 1995. Internal fabric and strike-slip emplacement of the Pan-African granite of Solli Hills, northern Nigeria. Tectonics 14, 1205-19.
32. FOURCADE, S. & ALLÈGRE, C. J. 1981. Trace elements behaviour in granite genesis: a case study - the calc-alkaline plutonic association from the Quérigut Complex (Pyrenees, France). Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 76, 177-95.
33. FRIDRICH, C. J. & MAHOOD, G. A. 1984. Reverse zoning in the resurgent intrusions of the Grizzly Peak cauldron, Sawatch Range, Colorado. Geological Society of America Bulletin 95, 779-87.
34. FROST, T. P. & MAHOOD, G. A. 1987. Field, chemical and physical constraints on mafic-felsic magma interaction in the Lamarck Granodiorite, Sierra Nevada, California. Geological Society of America Bulletin 99, 272-91.
35. GAPAIS, D. 1989. Shear structures within deformed granites: mechanical and thermal indicators. Geology 17, 1144-7.
36. GIRET, A., BONIN, B. & LÉGER, J.-M. 1980. Amphibole compositional trends in oversaturated and undersaturated alkaline plutonic ring-complexes. Canadian Mineralogist 18, 481-95.
37. GLEIZES, G., NÉDÉLEC, A., BOUCHEZ, J.-L., AUTRAN, A. & ROCHETTE, P. 1993. Magnetic susceptibility of the Mont-Louis-Andorra ilmenite-type granite (Pyrenees): a new tool for the pétrographie characterisation and regional mapping of zoned granite plutons. Journal of Geophysical Research 98, 4317-31.
38. HOLDEN, P., HALLIDAY, A. N., STEPHENS, W. E. & HENNEY, P. J. 1991. Chemical and isotopic evidence for major mass transfer between mafic enclaves and felsic magma. Chemical Geology 92, 135-52.
39. HUPPERT, H. E. & SPARKS, R. S. 1988. The generation of granitic magmas by intrusion of basalt into continental crust. Journal of Petrology 29, 599-624.
40. HUTTON, D. H. W. 1982. A tectonic model for the emplacement of the Main Donegal Granite, NW Ireland. Journal of the Geological Society, London 139, 615-31.
41. ISHIHARA, S. 1977. The magnetite-series and ilmenite-series granitic rocks. Mining Geology 27, 293-305.
42. 2O. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 98, 352-62.
43. KENNEDY, W. Q. 1964. The structural differentiation of Africa in the Pan-African (±500 m. y.) tectonic episode. Annual Report of the Institute for African Geology, University of Leeds 8, 48-9.
44. KOYAGUCHI, T. 1985. Magma mixing in a conduit. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 25, 365-9.
45. LARSEN, L. L. & SMITH, E. I. 1990. Mafic enclaves in the Wilson Ridge Pluton, Northwestern Arizona: implications for the generation of a calc-alkaline intermediate pluton in an extensional environment. Journal of Geophysical Research 95, 17693-716.
46. LEAKE, B. E. 1978. Nomenclature of amphiboles. Canadian Mineralogist 16, 501-20.
47. LINDSLEY, D. H. & ANDERSEN, D. J. 1983. A two-Pyroxene thermometer. In Proceedings of the thirteenth lunar and planetary science conference, part 2, pp. A887-A906. Journal of Geophysical Research 88, suppl.
48. MACLEOD, W. N., TURNER, D. C. & WRIGHT, E. P. 1971. The geology of the Jos Plateau. Geological Survey of Nigeria Bulletin, 32, 2 vols., 1, 118p.
49. MCCURRY, P. & WRIGHT, J. B. 1971. On place and time in orogenic granite plutonism. Geological Society of America Bulletin 82, 1713-16.
50. MORIMOTO, N. 1988. Nomenclature of pyroxenes. Bulletin de Minéralogie 111, 535-50.
51. NANEY, M. T. & SWANSON, S. E. 1980. The effect of Fe and Mg on crystallisation in granitic systems. American Mineralogist 65, 639-53.
52. NÉDÉLEC, A., PAQUETTE, L-L., BOUCHEZ, J.-L., OLIVIER, P. & RALISON, B. 1994. Stratoid granites of Madagascar: structure and position in the Panafrican orogeny. Geodinamica Acta 7, 48-56.
53. PATERSON, S. R., VERNON, R. H. & TOBISH, O. T. 1989. Areview of criteria for the identification of magmatic and tectonic foliations in granitoids. Journal of Structural Geology 11 349-63.
54. PLATEVOET, B. & BONIN, B. 1991. Enclaves and mafic-felsic associations in the Permian alkaline province of Corsica, France: physical and chemical interactions, between coeval magmas. In Enclaves and granite petrology (eds J. Didier and B. Barbarin), pp. 191-204. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
55. RAHAMAN, M. A. 1988. Recent advances in the study of the basement complex of Nigeria. In Precambrian geology of Nigeria, pp. 11-43. Kaduna: Geological Survey of Nigeria.
56. REID, J. B. Jr, EVANS, O. C. & FATES, D. G. 1983. Magma mixing in granitic rocks of the central Sierra Nevada, California. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 66, 243-61.
57. ROCHETTE, P., JACKSON, M. & AUBOURG, C. 1992. Rock magnetism and the interpretation of anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility. Reviews of Geophysics 30, 209-26.
58. SPEER, J. A. 1984. Micas in igneous rocks. In Micas (ed. S. W. Bailey), pp. 299-356. Reviews in Mineralogy 13. Washington: Mineralogical Society of America.
59. TURNER, D. C. 1983. Upper Proterozoic schist belts in the Nigerian sector of the Pan-African province of West Africa. Precambrian Research 21, 55-79.
60. UTKE, A. W. 1987. New aspects on the evolution of the Late Proterozoic crust in NW-Nigeria. In Current Research in African Earth Sciences (eds G. Matheis and H. Schandelmeier), pp. 73-8. Rotterdam: Balkema.
61. VAN DER LAAN, S. R. & WYLLIE, P. J. 1993. Experimental interaction of granitic and basaltic magmas and implications for mafic enclaves. Journal of Petrology 34, 491-517.
62. VOGEL, T. A., YOUNKER, L. W., WILBAND, J. T. & KAMPMUELLER, E. 1984. Magma mixing: the Marsco suite, Isle of Skye, Scotland. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 87, 231-41.
63. WAGER, L. R. & BAILEY, E. 1953. Basic magma chilled against acid magma. Nature 172, 68-9.
64. WEINBERG, R. F. 1994. Re-examining pluton emplacement processes: discussion. Journal of Structural Geology 16, 743-6.
65. WIEBE, R. A. 1994. Silicic magma chambers as traps for basaltic magmas: the Cadillac Mountain intrusive complex, Mount Desert Island, Maine. Journal of Geology 102, 423-38.
66. WONES, D. R. 1981. Mafic silicates as indicators of intensive variables in granitic magmas. Mining Geology 31, 191-212.
67. WONES, D. R. & EUGSTER, H. P. 1965. Stability of biotite: experiment, theory and application. American Mineralogist 50, 1228-72.