Insulin resistance and salt sensitivity: A renal hemodynamic abnormality?

American Journal of Hypertension

Volumn 9, Issue 12 SUPPL. 1, 1996, Pages S193-S199

  Weir, Matthew R ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Blood pressure; Insulin resistance; Renal hemodynamics; Salt sensitivity

Indexed keywords

DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR;

ADRENERGIC SYSTEM; BLOOD PRESSURE; DIET; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; INSULIN RESISTANCE; KIDNEY; NATRIURESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RENIN ANGIOTENSIN ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM; REVIEW; SALT INTAKE; SODIUM RESTRICTION;

BLOOD PRESSURE; HEMODYNAMIC PROCESSES; HUMANS; INSULIN RESISTANCE; RENAL CIRCULATION; SODIUM CHLORIDE;

EID: 0030463552     PISSN: 08957061     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0895-7061(96)00391-3     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. Intersalt Cooperative Research Group: INTERSALT: an international study of electrolyte excretion and blood pressure. Results for 24-hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion. Br Med J 1988;297:319-328.
2. Muntzel M, Drucke T: A comprehensive review of the salt and blood pressure relationship. Am J Hypertens 1992;5(suppl):1S-42S.
3. Dustan HP, Kirk KA: Corcoran lecture: the case for and against salt in hypertension. Hypertension 1989; 13:696-705.
4. Warram JH, Laffel L, Valsania P, Christlieb AR, Krolewski A: Excess mortality associated with diuretic therapy in diabetes mellitus. Arch Intern Med 1991; 151:1350-1356.
5. Walker WG, Hermann J, Murphy R, Patz A: Elevated blood pressure and angiotensin II are associated with accelerated loss of renal function in diabetic nephropathy. Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc 1985;97:94-104.
6. Walker WG, Hermann J, Yin D, Murphy RP, Patz A: Diuretics accelerate diabetic nephropathy in hypertensive insulin dependent and non-insulin dependent subjects. Trans Assoc Am Phys 1987;C305-C315.
7. Dahloff B, Lindholm LH, Hansson L, et al: Morbidity and mortality in the Swedish trial in old patients with hypertension. (STOP-Hypertension). Lancet 1991;338: 1281-1285.
8. MRC Working Party: Medical Research Council trial of treatment of hypertension in older adults: principal results. Br Med J 1992;304:405-412.
9. SHEP Cooperative Research Group: Prevention of stroke by antihypertensive drug treatment in older persons with isolated systolic hypertension. JAMA 1991; 265:3255-3264.
10. Dahl LK: The possible role of chronic excess salt consumption in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension. Am J Cardiol 1961;8:571-575.
11. MacGregor GA: Sodium is more important than calcium in essential hypertension. Hypertension 1985;7: 628-637.
12. MacGregor GA, Best FE, Cam JM, et al: Double-blind randomized cross-over trial of moderate sodium restriction in essential hypertension. Lancet 1982:351-354.
13. MacGregor GA, Markandu ND, Sagnella GA, et al: Double-blind study of three sodium intakes and long-term effects of sodium restriction in essential hypertension. Lancet 1989;ii:1244-1247.
14. Grobbee DE, Hofman A: Does sodium restriction lower blood pressure? Br Med J 1986;293:27-29.
15. Weinberger MH, Miller JZ, Luft FC, et al: Definitions and characteristics of sodium sensitivity and blood pressure resistance. Hypertension 1986;8(suppl II):II-127-II-134.
16. Sullivan JM, Prewitt RL, Ratts TE, et al: Hemodynamic characteristics of sodium-sensitive subjects. Hypertension 1987;9:398-406.
17. Weinberger MH, Fineberg NS: Sodium and volume sensitivity of blood pressure: age and pressure change over time. Hypertension 1991;12:67-71.
18. Grim CE, Weinberger MH: Cardiovascular and humoral responses to extremes of sodium intake in normal black and white man. Circulation 1979;60:697-706.
19. Chrysant SG, Danisa K, Kem DC, et al: Racial differences in pressure, volume and renin interrelationships in essential hypertension. Hypertension 1979;1:136-141.
20. Sowers JR, Zemel MB, Zemel P, et al: Salt sensitivity in blacks: salt intake and natriuretic substances. Hypertension 1988;12:485-490.
21. Luft FC, Miller JZ, Grim CE, et al: Salt-sensitivity and resistance of blood pressure: age and race as factors in physiological responses. Hypertension 1991;17(suppl 1):I-187-I-197.
22. Sims EA: Mechanisms of hypertension in the syndromes of obesity. Int J Obesity 1981;(suppl I):9-18.
23. Rocchini AP, Key J, Bondie D, et al: The effect of weight loss on the sensitivity of blood pressure to sodium in obese adolescents. N Eng J Med 1989;321:580-585.
24. Gillum RF, Prineas RJ, Jeffery RW, et al: onpharmacologic therapy of hypertension: the independent effects of weight reduction and sodium restriction in overweight borderline hypertensive patients. Am Heart J 1983;105:128-133.
25. Mimram A, Ribstein J, Jover B: Aging and sodium homeostasis. Kidney Int 1992;41(suppl 37):S107-S113.
26. Guyton AC, Langston JB, Navar G: Theory for renal autoregulation by feedback at the juxtaglomerular apparatus. Circ Res 1964;14/15(suppl 1):I-187-I-197.
27. Guyton AC, Coleman TG, Cowley AW, Jr., et al: Arterial pressure regulation: overriding dominance of the kidneys in long term regulation in hypertension. Am J Med 1972;52:584-594.
28. Campese VM, Romoff MS, Levitan D, et al: Abnormal relationship between salt intake and sympathetic nervous system sctivity in salt-sensitive patients with essential hypertension. Kidney Int 1982;21:371-378.
29. Ziegler MG, Mills P, Dimsdale JE: Hypertensive pressor response to norepinephrine: analysis by infusion rate and plasma levels. Am J Hypertens 1991;4:586-591.
30. Skrabal F, Herholz H, Neumayr M, et al: Salt sensitivity in humans is linked to enhanced sympathetic responsiveness and to ehnaced proximal tubular reabsorption. Hypertension 1984;6:152-158.
31. Sharma AM, Schattenfroh S, Thiede HM, et al: Effects of sodium salts on pressor reactivity in salt-sensitive men. Hypertension 1992;19:541-548.
32. Shoback DM, Williams GH, Moore TJ, et al: Defect in the sodium-modulated tissue responsiveness to angiotensin II in essential hypertension. J Clin Invest 1983; 72:2115-2124.
33. Redgrave JE, Rabinowe SL, Hollenberg NK, Williams GH: Correction of abnormal renal blood flow response to angiotensin II by converting-enzyme inhibition in essential hypertensives. J Clin Invest 1985;75:1285-1290.
34. Rystedt LL, Williams GH, Hollenberg NK: The renal and endocrine response to saline infusion in essential hypertension. Hypertension, 1986;8:217-222.
35. Holland OB, Chud JM, Braunstein H: Urinary kallikrein excretion in essential and mineralocoticoid hypertension. J Clin Invest 1980;65:347-336.
36. Zinner SH, Margolius HS, Rosner B, et al: Familial aggregation of urinary kallikrein concentration in childhood: relation to blood pressure, race and urinary electrolytes. J Epidemiol 1976;104:124-132.
37. Scicli AG, Carretero OA: Renal kailikrein-kinin system. Kidney Int 1986;29:120-130.
38. Takenaka T, Suzuki H, Salamaki Y, et al: Contribution of prostaglandins to pressure natriuresis in Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Am J Hypertens 1991;4:489-493.
39. Higashi Y, Oshima T, Watanabe M, et al: Renal response to L-arginine in salt-sensitive patients with essential hypertension. Hypertension 1996;27(part 2): 643-648.
40. Tanaka I, Inagami T: Increased concentration of plasma immunoreactiveatrial natriuretic factor in Daal salt sensitive rats with sodium chloride-induced hypertension. Hypertension 1986;4:109-112.
41. Mimran A, Nussberger JL, Ribstein J, et al: Response of atrial natriuretic peptide to acute saline loading in eseential hypertension. Am J Physiol 1988;255:F1085-F1090.
42. Jin H, Chen YF, Yang RH, et al: Impaired release of atrial natriuretic factor in NaCl-loaded spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertension 1988;11:739-744.
43. Bigazzi R, Bianchi S, Baldari D, et al: Microalbuminuria in salt-sensitive patients. A market for renal and cardiovascular risk factors. Hypertension 1994;23:195-199.
44. Campese VM: Salt sensitivity in hypertension. Renal and cardiovascular implications. Hypertension 1994; 23:531-550.
45. Bigazzi R, Bianchi S, Baldari G, Campase V: Clustering of cardiovascular risk factors in salt-sensitive patients with essential hypertension: role of insulin. Am J Hypertens 1995;9:24-32.
46. Stout RW, Bierman EL, Ross R: Effects of insulin on the proliferation of cultured primate arterial smooth muscle cells. Circ Res 1975;36:319-327.
47. Donovan DS, Solomon CG, Seely EW, et al: Effect of sodium intake on insulin sensitivity. Am J Physiol 1993; 264(Endocrinol Metab 27):E730-E734.
48. Galletti F, Annuzzi G, Ferrara I, et al: Salt-sensitivity in essential hypertensives is associated to insulin resistance (abst). Hypertension 1995;26:545.
49. Buchanan T, Raffel L, Cantor R, et al: Factors associated with salt-sensitivity in Latino families (abst). Hypertension 1995;26:545.
50. van Paassen P, de Zeeuw D, Navis G, de long P: Does the renin-angiotensin system determine the renal and systemic hemodynamic response to sodium in patients with essential hypertension? Hypertension 1996;27: 202-208.
51. Katholi E: Renal nerves in the pathogenesis of hypertension in experimental animals and humans. Am J Physiol 1983;245:F1-F14.
52. Williams GH, Hollenberg NK: 'Sodium sensitive' essential hypertension: emerging insights into pathogenesis and therapeutic implications, in Klahr S, Massry S (eds): Contemporary Nephrology, Vol. 3. Plenum, New York, 1985, pp 303-331.
53. Schmieder RE, Schachinger H, Messerli FH: Accelerated decline in renal perfusion with aging in essential hypertension. Hypertension 1994;23:351-357.
54. Campese VM, Parise M, Karubian F, Bigazzi R: Abnormal renal hemodynamics in black salt-sensitive patients with hypertension. Hypertension 1991;18:805-812.
55. Weir MR, Dengel DR, Behrens MT, Goldberg AP: Salt-induced increases insystolic blood pressure affect renal hemodynamics. Hypertension 1995;25(6):1339-1334.
56. Hall JE, Guyton AC: Control of sodium excretion and arterial pressure by intrarenal mechanisms and the renin-angiolensin system, in Laragh JH, Brenner BM (eds): Hypertension: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Management. Raven Press, New York, 1990, pp 1105-1130.
57. Koolen MI, van Brummelen P: Adrenergic activity and periperal hemodynamics in relation to sdoium sensitivity in patients with essential hypertension. Hypertension 1984;6:820-825.
58. Fujita T, Henry WL, Bartter FC, et al: Factors influencing blood pressure in salt-sensitive patients with hypertension. Am J Med 1980;69:334-344.
59. Doria A, Fioretto P, Avogaro A, et al: Insulin resistance is associated with high sodium-lithium countertransport in essential hypertension. Am J Physiol 1991; 261:E684-E691.
60. Julius S, Gudbrandsson T: Early association of sympathetic over-activity, hypertension, insulin resistance, and coronary risk. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1992; 2(suppl 8):S40-S48.
61. Lansberg L, Young IB: Insulin-mediated glucose metabolism in the relationship between dietary intake and sympathetic nervous system activity. Int J Obes 1985; 9:63-68.
62. Christensen NJ, Gundersen HJG, Hegedus L, et al: Acute effects of insulin on plasma noradrenaline and the cardiovascular system. Metabolism 1980;29:1138-1145.
63. Rowe JW, Young JB, Minaker KL, et al: Effect of insulin and glucose infusions of sympathetic nervous system activity in normal man. Diabetes 1981;30:219-225.
64. Jamerson KA, Julius S, Gudbrandsson T, et al: Reflex sympathetic activation induces acute insulin resistance in the human forearm. Hypertension 1993;21:618-623.
65. Kotchen TA, Blehschmidt NG, Reddy SR: Effect of dietary NaCl on norepinephrine turnover in the Dahl rat. J Lab Clin Med 1991;117:383-389.
66. Genain CP, Reddy SR, Ott CE, et al: Failure of salt loading to inhibit tissue norepinephrine turnover in prehypertensive Dahl sensitive rats. Hypertension 1988;12:568-573.
67. Dengel DR, Goldberg AP, Mayuga RS, et al: Insulin resistance, elevated glomerular filtration and renal injury. Hypertension 1996;28:127-132.
68. Hollenberg NK, Williams GH: Renin suppression by saline is blunted in nonmodulating essential hypertension. Hypertension 1987;10:404-408.
69. Dluhy RG, Smith K, Taylor T, et al: Prolonged converting enzyme inhibition in non-modulating hypertension. Hypertension 1989;13:371-377.
70. Moore T, Rich G, McKnight J, et al: Salt sensitivity of hypertension and response to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition with benazepril. Am J Hypertens 1995;9:54-60.
71. Zusman RM: Renin and non-renin mediated antihypertensive action of converting enzyme inhbition. Kidney Int 1984;25:976-983.
72. Fisher NDL, Allan D, Kifor I, et al: Responses to converting enzyme and renin inhbitiion. Role of angiotensin II in humans. Hypertension 1994;23:44-51.
73. Anderson S, Meyer TW, Rennke HG, Brenner BM: Control of glomerular hypertension limits glomerular injury in rats with reduced renal mass. J Clin Invest 1985; 238-242.
74. Bogardus C, Ravussin E, Robbins DC, et al: Effects of physical training and diet therapy on carbohydrate metabolism and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 1984;33:311-318.