Geologic control of severe expansive clay damage to a subdivision in the Pierre Shale, southwest Denver metropolitan area, Colorado

Clays and Clay Minerals

Volumn 44, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 530-539

  Gill, J D ^a   West, M W ^a   Noe, D C ^b   Olsen, H W ^c   McCarty, D K ^d  

^a Michael W West and Associates   (United States)

^b Senior Engineering Geologist   (United States)

^c Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering   (United States)

^d MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Bentonites; Expansive clays; Pierre Shale; Smectites

Indexed keywords

BENTONITE; CLAY MINERALOGY; EXPANSIVE SOIL; FOUNDATION FAILURE; GROUND MOVEMENT; SWELLING;

USA, COLORADO, DENVER;

EID: 0030461766     PISSN: 00098604     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1346/CCMN.1996.0440412     Document Type: Article

References (17)

1. American Society for Testing and Materials. 1994. Moisture Content (D-2216), Atterberg limits (D-4318), Particle size distribution (D-422) and Swell (D-4546). In: Annual Book of Standards. Philadelphia, PA: ASTM. 4.08:288-307.
2. Busenberg E, Clemency CV. 1973. Determination of the cation exchange capacity of clays and soils using an ammonia electrode. Clays & Clay Miner 21:213-217.
3. Cobban WA, Merewether EA, Fouch TD, Obradovich JD. 1994. Some cretaceous shorelines in the western interior of the United States. In: Caputo MV, Peterson JA, Franczyk KJ, editors. Mesozoic systems of the Rocky Mountain Region, USA. p 393-413.
4. Cobban WA. 1994, Personal communication. Regarding fossil identification, United States Geological Survey, Box 25046, Mail Stop 966, Denver, CO 80225.
5. Gill JR, Cobban WA. 1966. In: Kier PM, editor. new echinoid from the Cretaceous Pierre Shale of eastern Wyoming. The Red Bird section of the Upper Cretaceous Pierre Shale in Wyoming. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 393-A. 73 p.
6. Gill JR, Cobban WA. 1973. Stratigraphy and geologic history of the Montana Group and equivalent rocks, Montana, Wyoming, and North and South Dakota. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 776. 37 p.
7. Lambe TW, Whitman RV. 1969. Soil mechanics. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons. 553 p.
8. McCarty D, Eberl D. 1992. Written communication. Mineralogical and Chemical analyses of samples.
9. Moore DM, Reynolds RC. 1989. X-ray diffraction and the identification and analysis of clay minerals. New York: Oxford University Press. 332 p.
10. Reynolds RC. 1985. NEWMOD computer program for the calculation of the one-dimensional X-ray diffraction patterns of mixed-layer clays. Available from author, Dept. Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, 03755.
11. Robinson GD, Klepper MR, Obradovich JD. 1968. Overlapping plutonism, volcanism, and tectonism in the Boulder batholith region, western Montana. In: Coats RR, Hay RL, Anderson CA, editors. Studies in volcanology - A memoir in honor of Howel Williams. Geological Society of America Memoir. 116:557-576.
12. Scott GR. 1963a. Quaternary geology of the Kassler quadrangle, Colorado. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 421-A. 70 p.
13. Scott GR. 1963b. Bedrock geology of the Kassler quadrangle, Colorado. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 421-B. p 71-125.
14. Scott GR, Cobban WA. 1965. Geologic and biostratigraphic map of the Pierre Shale between Jarre Creek and Loveland, Colorado. U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-482, scale 1:62500, 2 sheets.
15. Schultz LG. 1978. Mixed-Layer Clay in the Pierre Shale and Equivalent Rocks, Northern Great Plains Region. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1064-A. 27 p.
16. Schultz LG, Tourtelot HA, Gill JR, Boerngen JG. 1980. Composition and Properties of the Pierre Shael and equivalent rocks, Northern Great Plains Region. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1064-B. B1-B114.
17. Thompson RW. 1992. Performance of foundations on steeply dipping claystone. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Expansive Soils, August 3-5, 1992, Dallas, TX. 1:438-442.