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51. Poinar HN, Höss M, Bada JL, Pääbo S: Amino acid racemization and the preservation of ancient DNA. Science 1996, 272:864-866. This work reports that amino acid racemization is a useful surrogate marker for determining whether or not an ancient specimen is likely to contain sufficient authentic ancient DNA for analysis. Although the results are sobering few specimens more than a few thousand years old are likely to have authentic ancient DNA - the method appears to be sound and should provide yet another check on the ongoing problem of verifying the authenticity of a DNA type from an ancient specimen.
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Science
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Poinar, H.N.1
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54. Oota H, Saitou N, Matsushita T, Ueda S: A genetic study of 2,000-year-old human remains from Japan using mitochondrial DNA sequences. Am J Phys Anthropol 1995, 98:133-145. This report details mtDNA sequences taken from a burial site in Japan and identifies a significant association between burial style and mtDNA sequence type. This is one of very few ancient DNA studies that actually tries to address a question that anthropologists are interested in; the results indicate that either different burial styles were used by different kinship groups, or that the cemetery may have been used by different groups of people who were genetically unrelated.
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Am J Phys Anthropol
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55. Parr RL, Carlyle SW, O'Rourke DH: Ancient DNA analysis of Fremont Amerindians of the Great Salt Lake Wetlands. Am J Phys Anthropol 1996, 99:507-518.
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56. Goldstein DB, Linares AR, Cavalli-Sforza LL, Feldman MW: Genetic absolute dating based on microsatellites and the origin of modern humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995, 92:6723-6727. See annotation [59•].
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57
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57. Hammer MF: A recent common ancestry for human Y chromosomes. Nature 1995, 378:376-378. See annotation [59•].
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Minisatellite diversity supports a recent African origin for modern humans
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58. Armour JAL, Anttinen T, May CA, Vega EE, Sajantila A, Kidd JR, Kidd KK, Bertranpetit J, Pääbo S, Jeffreys AJ: Minisatellite diversity supports a recent African origin for modern humans. Nat Genet 1996, 13:154-160. See annotation [59•].
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Armour, J.A.L.1
Anttinen, T.2
May, C.A.3
Vega, E.E.4
Sajantila, A.5
Kidd, J.R.6
Kidd, K.K.7
Bertranpetit, J.8
Pääbo, S.9
Jeffreys, A.J.10
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59
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59. Tishkoff SA, Dietzsch E, Speed W, Pakstis AJ, Kidd JR, Cheung K, Bonne-Tamir B, Santachiara-Benerecetti AS, Moral P, Krings M et al.: Global patterns of linkage disequilibrium at the CD4 locus and modern human origins. Science 1996, 271:1380-1387. Although this study and the three previous ones [56•-58•] do not involve mlDNA analysis, they do analyze various types of nuclear DNA variation - microsatellite loci, Y-DNA, a minisatellite locus, and haplotypes for a rapidly-evolving locus closely-linked to a slowly-evolving locus - and all find support for a recent African origin of modern humans. As mtDNA is but a single genetic locus (albeit a highly interesting and informative one), such studies are necessary for verifying the conclusions arising from the mtDNA studies.
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Science
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Tishkoff, S.A.1
Dietzsch, E.2
Speed, W.3
Pakstis, A.J.4
Kidd, J.R.5
Cheung, K.6
Bonne-Tamir, B.7
Santachiara-Benerecetti, A.S.8
Moral, P.9
Krings, M.10
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