The mechanical significance of the occlusal geometry of great ape molars in food breakdown

Journal of Human Evolution

Volumn 31, Issue 6, 1996, Pages 517-535

  Spears, Iain Richard ^a   Crompton, Robin Huw ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Biomechanics; Dentition; Finite elements stress analysis; Gorilla; Homo; Mastication; Pan; Pongo

Indexed keywords

ALOCASIA MACRORRHIZOS; PONGO;

APE; BIOMECHANICS; DENTITION; HUMAN EVOLUTION; MASTICATION;

EID: 0030440674     PISSN: 00472484     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/jhev.1996.0077     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Alexander, R. McN. (1991). Apparent adaptation and actual performance. In (M. K. Hecht, B. Wallace, B. & R. J. McIntyre, Eds) Evolutionary Biology, pp. 357-373. New York: Plenum.
2. Ashby, M. F. & Jones, D. R. H. (1980). Engineering materials 1: an introduction to their properties and applications. New York: Pergamon International Library.
3. Beynon, A. D., Dean, M. C. & Reid, D. J. (1991). On thick and thin enamel in hominoids. Am. J. phys. Anthrop. 86, 295-309.
4. Crompton, R. H., Savage, R., Spears I. R. (1996). Mechanics of food reduction in Tarsius bancanus: A combined finite elements stress analysis and microwear approach. Folia Primatol (in press).
5. Fortelius, M. (1985). Ungulate cheek teeth: developmental, functional and evolutionary interrelations. Acta Zool. Fenn. 180, 1-76.
6. Gordon, K. D. (1982). A study of microwear on chimpanzee molars: implications for dental microwear analysis. Am. J. phys. Anthrop. 59, 195-215.
7. Gould, S. J. & Lewontin, R. C. (1979). The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 205, 581-598.
8. Hartman, S. E. (1988). A cladistic analysis of hominoid molars. J. hum. Evol. 17, 489-502.
9. Hiiemae, K. M. (1976). Masticatory movements in primitive mammals. In (D. Anderson and B. Matthews, Eds.) Mastication, pp. 105-118. Bristol: Wright.
10. Hiiemae, K. M. & Crompton, A. W. (1985). Mastication, Food Transport and Swallowing. In (M. Hildebrand, D. M. Bramble, K. F. Liem & D. B. Wake, Eds.). Functional Vertebrate Morphology, pp. 262-290. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Harvard.
11. Jolly, C. J. (1970). The seed-eaters: a new model of hominoid differentiation based on a baboon analogy. Man. 5, 5-26.
12. Kay, R. F. (1975). The functional adaptations of primate molar teeth. Am. J. phys. Anthrop. 4, 195-216.
13. Kay, R. F. & Cartmill, M. (1977). Cranial morphology of Palaecthon nacimienti and other Paromomyidae (Plesiadapidae, Primates) with a description of a new genus and species. J. hum. Evol. 6, 19-35.
14. Kay, R. F. & Hiiemae, K. M. (1974). Mastication in Galago crassicaudatus: a cinefluorographic and occlusal study. In (R. D. Martin, G. A. Doyle & A. C. Walker, Eds) Prosimian Biology, pp. 501-530. London: Duckworth.
15. Kay R. F. & Hylander, W. L. (1978). The dental structure of mammalian folivores with special reference to Primates and Phalangeroidea (Marsupialia). In (G. G. Montgomery, Ed.) The Ecology of Arboreal Folivores, pp. 173-196. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
16. Khera, S. C., Goel, U. K., Chen, R. C. S. & Gurusavii, S. A. (1988). A three-dimensional finite elements model of a human molar. Oper. Dent. 13, 128-137.
17. Knight, C. E. (1993). The Finite Element Method in Mechanical Design. Boston, Mass.: PWS-Kent.
18. Lumsden, A. G. S. & Osborn, J. W. (1978). The evolution of chewing: a dentist's view of palaeontology. J. Dentistry 5, 269-287.
19. Lucas, P. W. (1979). The dental-dietary adaptations of mammals. N. Jb. Palaeont. Mh. 8, 486-512.
20. Lucas, P. W. & Luke, D. A. (1983). Computer simulation of the breakdown of carrot particles during human mastication. Archs. Oral Biol. 28(9), 821-826.
21. Lucas, P. W. & Luke, D. A. (1984). Chewing it over: basic principles of food breakdown. In (D. J. Chivers, B. A. Wood & A. Bilsborough, Eds) Food Acquisition and Processing in Primates, pp. 283-302. London: Plenum.
22. Lucas, P. W., Lowrey, T. K., Pereira, B. P., Safaris, V. & Kuhn, W. (1991a). The ecology of Mezzettia leptopoda (HK. f. et Thoms.) Oliv. (Annonaceae) seeds as viewed from a mechanical perspective. Funct. Ecol. 5, 545-553.
23. Lucas, P. W., Choong, M. F., Tan, H. T. W., Turner, I. M. & Berrick, A. J. (1991b). The fracture toughness of the leaf of the dicotyledon Calophyllum inophyllum L. (Guttiferae). Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 334, 95-106.
24. Macho, G. A. & Berner, M. E. (1993). Enamel thickness of human maxillary molars reconsidered. Am. J. phys. Anthrop. 92, 189-200.
25. Martin, L. B. (1983). The relationships of the later Miocene Hominoidea. Ph.D. Dissertation, University College London.
26. Osborn, J. W. (1982). Helicoidal plane of dental occlusion. Am. J. phys. Anthrop. 57, 273-281.
27. Smith, B. H. (1986). Development and evolution of the helicoidal plane of dental occlusion. Am. J. phys. Anthrop. 69(1), 21-37.
28. Spears, I. R. (1994). Functional adaptations of hominoid molars: an engineering approach. PhD. Dissertation, University of Liverpool.
29. Spears, I. R., van Noort, R., Crompton, R. H., Cardew, G. E. & Howard, I. C. (1993). The effects of enamel anisotropy on the distribution of stress in a tooth. J. Dent. Res. 72, 1526-1531.
30. Spears, I. R. & Crompton, R. H. (1994). Finite elements stress analysis as a possible tool for reconstruction of hominid dietary mechanics. Zeit. Morph. Anthrop. 80, 3-17.