The effect of moonlight on activity patterns of adult and juvenile prairie rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis viridis)

Journal of Herpetology

Volumn 30, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 192-197

  Clarke, Jennifer A ^a   Chopko, Joseph T ^a   Mackessy, Stephen P ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NORTHERN COLORADO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CROTALUS; CROTALUS VIRIDIS VIRIDIS; RODENTIA; SERPENTES; SQUAMATA;

EID: 0030439877     PISSN: 00221511     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/1565509     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. BRILLHART, D. B., AND D. W. KAUFMAN. 1991. Influence of illumination and surface structure on space use by prairie deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus bairdit). J. Mammal. 72:764-768.
2. BULLOCK, T. H., AND R, B. COWLES. 1952. Physiology of an infrared receptor: the facial pit of pit vipers. Science 115:541-543.
3. CLARKE, J. A. 1983. Moonlight's influence on predator/prey interactions between short-eared owls (Asio flammeus) and deermice (Peromyscus maniculatus). Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 13:205-209.
4. CHISZAR, D. A., R, K. K. LEE, C. W. RADCLIFFE, AND H. M. SMITH. 1992. Searching behaviors by rattlesnakes following predatory strikes. In J. A. Campbell and E. D. Brodie, Jr. (eds.). Biology of the Pit Vipers, pp. 369-382. Selva Press, Tyler, Texas.
5. DALY, M., P. R. BEHRENDS, M. I. WILSON, AND L. F. JACOBS. 1992. Behavioral modulation of predation risk: moonlight avoidance and crepuscular compensation in a nocturnal desert rodent, Dipodomys merriami. Anim. Behav. 44:1-9.
6. DUVALL, D., M. B. KING, AND K. J. GUTZWILLER. 1985. Behavioral ecology and ethology of the prairie rattlesnake. Natl. Geogr. Res. 1:80-111.
7. FITCH, H. S. AND H. TWINING. 1946. Feeding habits of the Pacific rattlesnake. Copeia 1946:64-71.
8. GIBBONS, J. W., AND R. D. SEMLITSCH. 1987. Activity patterns. In R. A. Seigel, J. T. Collins, and S. S. Novak. (eds.), Snakes: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, pp. 396-421. MacMillan Publishing, New York.
9. GOLAN, L., C. W. RADCLIFFE, T. MILLER, B. O'CONNEL, AND D. CHISZAR. 1982. Prey trailing by the prairie rattlesnake (Crotalus viridis). J. Herpetol. 16:287293.
10. GOODE, J. M., AND D. DUVALL. 1989. Body temperature and defensive behaviour of free ranging prairie rattlesnakes, Crotalus viridis viridis. Anim. Behav. 38:360-362.
11. GREENE, H. W. 1988. Antipredator mechanisms in reptiles. In C. Gans and R. B. Huey (eds.), Biology of the Reptilia: Defense and Life History, pp. 19-29. New York: Alan R. Liss, Inc.
12. HEATWOLE, H., AND E. DAIVISON. 1976. A review of caudal luring in snakes with notes on its occurrance in the Saharan sand viper. Herpetologica 32: 332-336.
13. KARDONG, K. V., AND S. P. MACKESSY. 1991. The strike behavior of a congenitally blind rattlesnake. J. Herpetol. 25:208-211.
14. KAUFMAN, D. W., AND G. A. KAUFMAN. 1982. Effect of moonlight on activity and microhabitat use by Ord's kangaroo rat (Dipodomys ordii). J. Mammal. 63:309-312.
15. KLAUBER, L. M. 1939. Studies of reptile life in the arid Southwest. I. Night collecting on the desert with ecological statistics. Bull. Zool. Soc. San Diego 14:1-100.
16. _. 1972. Rattlesnakes: Their Habits, Life Histories, and Influence on Mankind. 2nd Ed., Univ. of California Press, Los Angeles.
17. KOTLER, B. P. 1984. Risk of predation and the structure of desert rodent communities. Ecology 65: 689-701.
18. _, J. S. BROWN, AND O. HASSON. 1991. Factors affecting gerbil foraging behavior and rates of owl predation. Ecology 72:2249-2260.
19. LEE, R. K. K., D. A. CHISZAR, H. M. SMITH, AND K. KANDLER. 1992. Chemical and orientation cues mediate selection of prey trails by prairie rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis). J. Herpetol. 26:95-98.
20. LOCKARD, R. B., AND D. W. OWINGS. 1974a. Moonrelated surface activity of bannertail (Dipodomys spectabilis) and Fresno (D. nitatoides) kangaroo rats. Anim. Behav. 22:262-273.
21. _. 1974b. Seasonal variation in moonlight avoidance by bannertail kangaroo rats. J. Mammal. 55:189-193.
22. LONGLAND, W. S., AND M. V. PRICE. 1991. Direct observations of owls and heteromyid rodents: can predation risk explain microhabitat use? Ecology 72:2261-2273.
23. LUDLOW, M. E. 1981. A survey of the herpetefauna on the Ken Caryl Valley Ranch, Jefferson County, Colorado. Herpetol. Rev. 12:50-52.
24. MACKESSY, S. P. 1988. Venom ontogeny in the Pacific rattlesnakes Crotalus viridis helleri and C. v. oreganus. Copeia 1988:92-101.
25. _. 1993. Fibrinogenolytic enzymes from the venoms of juvenile and adult northern Pacific rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis oreganus) Comp. Bioch. Physiol. 106B:181-190.
26. MADSEN, T., AND M. OSTERKAMP. 1982. Notes on the biology of the fish-eating snake (Lycodonomorphus bicolor) in Lake Tanganika. J. Herpetol. 16:185-188.
27. MELCER, T., AND D. A. CHISZAR. 1989. Striking prey creates a specific chemical search image in rattlesnakes. Anim. Behav. 37:477-486.
28. PETERSON, C. R., A. R. GIBISON, AND M. E. DORCAS. 1993. Snake thermal ecology; the causes and consequences of body-temperature variation. In R. A. Seigel and J. T. Collins (eds.), Snakes: Ecology and Behavior, pp. 241-314. McGraw-Hill, Inc, New York.
29. PlSANI, G. R., S. D. BUSACK, AND H. C. DESSAUER. 1987. Guidelines for use of live amphibians and reptiles in field research. Issued jointly by: ASIH Exec. Comm., HL Exec. Comm. and SSAR Board of Directors.
30. PRICE, M. V., N. M. WASER, AND T. A. BASS. 1984. Effects of moonlight on microhabitat use by desert rodents. J. Mammal. 65:353-356.
31. POUGH, F. H. 1978. Ontogenetic changes in endurance in water snakes (Natrix sipedon): physiological correlates and ecological consequences. Copeia 1978:69-74.
32. PRESTT, I. 1971. An ecological study of the viper (Vipera berus) in southern Britian. J. Zool. (London) 164:373-418.
33. RANDALL, J. A. 1993. Behavioural adaptations of desert rodents (Heteromyidae). Anim. Behav. 45:263-287.
34. SHINE, R., AND R. LAMBECK. 1985. A radiotelemetric study of movements, thermoregulation and habitat utilization of arafura filesnakes (Serpentes: Acrochordidae). Herpetologica 41:351-361.
35. SWEET, S. S. 1985. Geographic variation, convergent crypsis and mimicry in gopher snakes (Pituophis melanoleucus) and western rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis). J. Herpetol. 19:55-67.
36. YAMAGISHI, M. 1974. Observations on the nocturnal activity of the habu with special reference to the intensity of illumination. Snake 6:37-43.