Joint spatiotemporal modes of surface temperature and sea level pressure variability in the Northern Hemisphere during the last century

Journal of Climate

Volumn 9, Issue 9, 1996, Pages 2137-2162

  Mann, Michael E ^a   Park, Jeffrey ^a  

^a YALE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE VARIABILITY; CLIMATE VARIATION; EL NINO/SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; NORTHERN HEMISPHERE; OSCILLATION; SEA LEVEL PRESSURE; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE; SPATIOTEMPORAL MODES; SURFACE TEMPERATURE;

EID: 0030434346     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<2137:JSMOST>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. Allen, M. R., and L. A. Smith, 1994: Investigating the origins and significance of low-frequency modes of climatic variability. Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 883-886.
2. Barnett, T. P., 1983: Interaction of the monsoon and Pacific trade-wind wind systems at interannual time scales. Part I: The equatorial zone. Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 756-773.
3. _, 1991: The interaction of multiple time scales in the tropical climate system. J. Climate, 4, 269-281.
4. _, A. D. Del Genio, and R. A. Ruedy, 1992: Unforced decadal oscillations in a coupled model of the atmospheric and ocean mixed layer. J. Geophys. Res., 97, 7341-7354.
5. Barnston, A. G., and R. E. Livezey, 1987: Classification, seasonality and persistence of low-frequency atmospheric circulation patterns. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 1083-1126.
6. _, _, and M. S. Halpert, 1991: Modulation of Southern Oscillation - Northern Hemisphere midwinter climate relationships by the QBO. J. Climate, 4, 203-227.
7. _, and Coauthors, 1994: Long-lead seasonal forecasts - Where do we stand? Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 75, 2097-2114.
8. Bradley, R., M. E. Mann, and J. Park, 1994: A spatiotemporal analysis of ENSO variability based on globally distributed instrumental and proxy temperature data. Eos, Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union, 75, p. 383.
9. Cane, M., and S. E. Zebiak, 1987: Prediction of El Nino events using a physical model. Atmospheric and Oceanic Variability, H. Cattle, Ed., Royal Meteorological Society Press, 153-182.
10. _, _, and S. C. Dolan, 1986: Experimental forecasts of El Nino. Nature, 321, 827-832.
11. Chen, F., and M. Ghil, 1995: Interdecadal variability of the thermohaline circulation and high-latitude surface fluxes. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 25, 2547-2568.
12. Cole, J. E., R. G. Fairbanks, and G. T. Shen, 1993: Recent variability in the Southern Oscillation: Isotopic results from a Tarawa atoll coral. Science, 260, 1790-1793.
13. Darby, M. S., and L. A. Mysak, 1993: A boolean delay equation model of an interdecadal Arctic climate cycle. Climate Dyn., 8, 241-246.
14. Delworth, T., S. Manabe, and R. J. Stouffer, 1993: Interdecadal variations of the thermohaline circulation in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. J. Climate, 6, 1993-2011.
15. Deser, C., and M. Blackmon, 1993: Surface climate variations over the North Atlantic Ocean during winter: 1900-1989. J. Climate. 6, 1743-1753.
16. Dettinger, M. D., M. Ghil, and C. L. Keppenne, 1995: Interannual and interdecadal variability in United States surface-air temperatures, 1910-1987. Climate Change. 31, 36-66.
17. 18 record of climate variability in Galapagos corals, Paleoceanogr., 9, 291-315.
18. Efron, B., 1990: The Jacknife, the Bootstrap and Other Resampling Plans. Society for Applied and Industrial Mathematics. 92 pp.
19. Elsner, J. B., and A. A. Tsonis, 1994: Low frequency oscillation. Nature, 8, 507-508.
20. Folland, C. K., D. E. Parker, and F. E. Kates, 1984: Worldwide marine temperature fluctuations 1856-1981. Nature, 310, 670-673.
21. Fraedrich, K., C. Bantzer, and U. Burkhardt, 1993: Winter climate anomalies in Europe and their associated circulation at 500 hPa. Climate Dyn., 8, 161-175.
22. Ghil, M., and R. Vautard, 1991: Interdecadal oscillations and the warming trend in global temperature time series. Nature, 350, 324-327.
23. Graham, N. E., 1994: Decadal-scale climate variability in the tropical and North Pacific during the 1970s and 1980s: Observations and model results. Climate Dyn., 10, 135-162.
24. Halpert, M. S., and C. F. Ropelewski, 1992: Surface temperature patterns associated with the Southern Oscillation. J. Climate, 5, 577-593.
25. Horel, J. D., and J. M. Wallace, 1981: Planetary-scale atmospheric phenomena associated with the Southern Oscillation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 813-829.
26. Houghton, R., and Y. Tourre, 1992: Characteristics of low-frequency sea surface temperature fluctuations in the tropical Atlantic. J. Climate, 5, 765-771.
27. Hurrell, J., 1995: Decadal trends in the North Atlantic Oscillation and relationship to regional temperature and precipitation. Science, 269, 676-679.
28. IPCC, 1990: Climate Change: The IPCC Scientific Assessment. Cambridge University Press, 365 pp.
29. Jones, P. D., 1994: Hemispheric surface temperature variations: A reanalysis and an update to 1993. J. Climate, 7, 1794-1802.
30. _, and K. R. Briffa, 1992: Global surface air temperature variations during the 20th century. Part 1: Spatial, temporal and seasonal details. Holocene, 1, 165-179.
31. Keppenne, C. L., and M. Ghil, 1992: Adaptive filtering and prediction of the Southern Oscillation index. J. Geophys. Res., 97, 20 449-20 454.
32. Kuo, C., C. Lindberg, and D. J. Thomson, 1990: Coherence established between atmospheric carbon dioxide and global temperature. Nature, 343, 709-713.
33. Kushnir, Y., 1994: Interdecadal variations in North Atlantic sea surface temperature and associated atmospheric conditions. J. Climate, 7, 141-157.
34. Labitzke, K., and H. van Loon, 1988: Associations between the 11-year solar cycle, the QBO, and the atmosphere. Part I: The troposphere and stratosphere in the Northern Hemisphere in winter. J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 50, 197-206.
35. Lall, U., and M. Mann, 1995: The Great Salt Lake: A barometer of low-frequency climatic variability. Water Resour. Res., 31, 2503-2515.
36. Latif, M., and T. P. Barnett, 1994: Causes of decadal climate variability over the North Pacific and North America. Science, 266, 634-637.
37. Lilly, J., and J. Park. 1995: Multiwavelet spectral and polarization analysis of seismic records. Geophys. J. Int., 122, 1001-1021.
38. Linsley, B. K., R. B. Dunbar, G. M. Wellington, and D. A. Mucciarone, 1994: A coral-based reconstruction of intertropical convergence zone variability over Central America since 1707. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 9977-9994.
39. Livezey, R. E., and K. C. Mo, 1987: Tropical-extratropical teleconnections during the Northern Hemisphere winter. Part II: Relationships between monthly mean Northern Hemisphere circulation patterns and proxies for tropical convection. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 3115-3132.
40. Mann, M. E., and J. Park. 1993: Spatial correlations of interdecadal variation in global surface temperatures. Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 1055-1058.
41. _, and _, 1994: Global-scale modes of surface temperature variability on interannual to century timescales. J. Geophys. Res. 99, 25 819-25 833.
42. _, and J. Lees, 1996: Robust estimation of background noise and signal detection in climatic time series. Climate Change, in press.
43. _, U. Lall, and B. Saltzman, 1995a: Decadal-to-centennial-scale climate variability: Insights into the rise and fall of the Great Salt Lake. Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 937-940.
44. _, J. Park, and R. Bradley, 1995b: Global interdecadal- and ceniury-scale oscillations during the past five centuries. Nature, 378, 266-270.
45. 2 levels. Glob. Planet. Change, 10, 163-180.
46. Mehta, V. M., and T. Delworth, 1995: Decadal variability of the tropical Atlantic ocean surface temperature in shipboard measurements and in a global ocean-atmosphere model. J. Climate, 8, 172-190.
47. Miller, A. J., D. R. Cayan, T. P. Barnett, N. E. Graham, and J. M. Oberhuber, 1994: Interdecadal variability of the Pacific Ocean: Model response to observed heat flux and wind stress anomalies. Climate Dyn., 9, 287-302.
48. Mysak, L. A., and S. B. Power, 1992: Sea-ice anomalies in the western Arctic and Greenland-Iceland Sea and their relation to an interdecadal climate cycle. Climatol. Bull., 26, 147-176.
49. Naujokat, B., 1986: An update of the observed quasibiennial oscillation of the stratospheric winds over the Tropics. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 1873-1877.
50. Oglesby, R. J., and B. Saltzman, 1992: Equilibrium climate statistics of a general circulation model as a function of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Part I: Geographic distributions of primary variables. J. Climate, 5, 66-92.
51. Park, J., and K. A. Maasch, 1993: Plio-Pleistocene time evolution of the 100-kyr cycle in marine paleoclimate records. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 447-461.
52. _, C. R. Lindberg, and F. L. Vernon III, 1987: Multitaper spectral analysis of high-frequency seismograms. J. Geophys. Res., 92, 12 675-12 684.
53. Preisendorfer, R. W., 1988: Principal component analysis in meteorology and oceanography. Developments, in Atmospheric Science, Elsevier, 425 pp.
54. Rogers, J. C., 1984: The association between the North Atlantic Oscillation and the Southern Oscillation in the Northern Hemisphere. Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 1999-2015.
55. Ropelewski, C. F., and M. S. Halpert, 1987: Global and regional scale precipitation patterns associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 1606-1626.
56. _, _, and X. Wang, 1992: Observed tropospheric biennial variability and its relationship to the Southern Oscillation. J. Climate, 5, 594-614.
57. Royer, T. C., 1993: High-latitude oceanic variability associated with the 18.6 year nodal tide. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 4639-4644.
58. Schlesinger, M. E., and N. Ramankutty, 1994: An oscillation in the global climate system of period 65-70 years. Nature, 367, 723-726.
59. Tanimoto, Y., N. Iwasaka, K. Hanawa, and Y. Toba, 1993: Characteristic variations of sea surface temperature with multiple time scales in the North Pacific. J. Climate, 6, 1153-1160.
60. Thomson, D. J., 1982: Spectrum estimation and harmonic analysis. Proc. IEEE, 70, 1055-1096.
61. Tinsley, B. A., 1988: The solar cycle and QBO influence on the latitude of storm tracks in the North Atlantic. Geophys. Res. Lett., 15, 409-412.
62. Trenberth, K. E., 1990: Recent observed interdecadal climate changes in the Northern Hemisphere. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 71, 988-993.
63. _, and D. A. Paolino, 1980: The Northern Hemisphere sea-level pressure data set: Trends, errors and discontinuities. Mon. Wea. Rev., 108, 855-872.
64. _, and W.-T. K. Shin, 1984: Quasibiennial fluctuations in sea level pressures over the Northern Hemisphere. Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 761-777.
65. _, and D. J. Shea, 1987: On the evolution of the Southern Oscillation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 3078-3096.
66. _, and J. W. Hurrell, 1994: Decadal atmosphere-ocean variations in the Pacific. Climate Dyn., 9, 303-319.
67. _, and T. J. Hoar, 1995: The 1990-1995 El Nino-Southern Oscillation event: Longest on record. Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 57-60.
68. Unal, Y. S., and M. Ghil, 1995: Interannual and interdecadal oscillation patterns in sea level. Climate Dyn., 11, 255-279.
69. von Storch, J. S., 1994: Interdecadal variability in a global coupled model. Tellus, 46, 419-432.
70. Wallace, J. M., C. Smith, and C. S. Bretherton, 1992: Singular value decomposition of wintertime sea surface temperatures and 500-mb height anomalies. J. Climate, 5, 561-576.
71. Weaver, A. J., E. S. Sarachik, and J. Marotzke, 1991: Freshwater flux forcing of decadal and interdecadal oceanic variability. Nature, 353, 836-838.
72. Xu, J. S., 1993: The joint modes of the coupled atmosphere-ocean system observed from 1967-1986. J. Climate, 6, 816-838.
73. Yang, J., and J. D. Neelin, 1993: Sea-ice interaction with the thermohaline circulation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 217-220.