From the many to the few: Privatization and globalization

Ecologist

Volumn 26, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 145-154

  Martin, Brendan ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GLOBALISATION; MARKET REFORM; MARKET TRANSITION; PRIVATISATION; PUBLIC SECTOR; REFORM FAILURE;

EID: 0030432195     PISSN: 02613131     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Sheahan, J., "Development Dichotomies and Economic Strategy" in Teitel, S., (ed.), Towards a New Development Strategy for Latin America, Inter-American Development Bank, Washington DC, 1992, p.33. quoted in Bello, W., Cunningham, S. and Rau, B., Dark Victory: The United States, Structural Adjustment and Global Poverty, Pluto Press, London, 1994, p.28.
2. Sheahan, J., "Development Dichotomies and Economic Strategy" in Teitel, S., (ed.), Towards a New Development Strategy for Latin America, Inter-American Development Bank, Washington DC, 1992, p.33. quoted in Bello, W., Cunningham, S. and Rau, B., Dark Victory: The United States, Structural Adjustment and Global Poverty, Pluto Press, London, 1994, p.28.
3. World Bank, Privatization: The Lessons of Experience, World Bank, Washington DV, April 1992, p.7.
4. OECD, Financial Markets Trends, OECD, Paris, June 1996.
5. Adam, C., Cavendish, W. and Mistry, P.S., Adjusting Privatization: Case Studies from Developing Countries, James Currey, London, 1992, p.49.
6. Carlsen, L., "From the many to the few: privatization in Mexico", Multinational Monitor, May 1991, p.18.
7. Adam, C., Cavendish, W. & Mistry, P.S., op. cit. 4.
8. Rawstorne, P., "BAT posed to light up new market", Financial Times, 4 November 1992.
9. Générale des Eaux in the UK, CGE, London, 1991, p.3.
10. Ibid., p.5.
11. The Privatisation Network: The Multinationals Bid for Public Services, The Public Services Privatisation Research Unit (1 Mabledon Place, London WC1H 9AJ, UK), January 1996.
12. Ibid., p.3.
13. Bangkok Post, 16 September 1995, cited in ibid.
14. Bangkok Post, 16 September 1995, cited in ibid.
15. According to America . . . Not for Sale, AFL-CIO Public Employee Department, Washington DC 1989, p.44.
16. According to Digings, L., Competitive Tendering and the European Communities, Association of Metropolitan Authorities, London 1991, p.73.
17. The Privatisation Network, op. cit. 10, p.1.
18. "Privatization in Colombia", INFO 6/92, PSI, Ferney-Voltaire. France, June 1992, p.8.
19. "Scandal of the filthy rich water bosses", Independent on Sunday, 11 August 1996.
20. Gregory, I., "Cut off from their element", The Guardian, 2 September 1992.
21. Young, D.W., "Privatizing health care: caveat emptor", International Journal of Health Planning and Management, Vol. 5, John Wiley and Sons, London, 1990, p.237.
22. According to Privatization News, No. 19, Public Services Privatization Research Unit, London, January 1992, p.1.
23. "Charity and NHS Reform", Directory of Social Change, London, April 1992. The same trend is also visible in education and social services where commercial sponsorship has grown. In the United States, for example, underfunded schools, desperate for resources, are increasingly receptive to corporate-sponsored educational materials and programmes, and are ever more accepting of the associated commercialism and product promotion. The result has been dubbed "McEducation". The president of Action for Children's Television, Peggy Charren, has said, "Kids are getting pitched walking down hallways, kids are getting pitched eating lunch, kids are getting pitched sitting in the classroom." See Knaus, H., "The commercialized classroom" Multinational Monitor, March 1992, p.14.
24. "Charity and NHS Reform", Directory of Social Change, London, April 1992. The same trend is also visible in education and social services where commercial sponsorship has grown. In the United States, for example, underfunded schools, desperate for resources, are increasingly receptive to corporate-sponsored educational materials and programmes, and are ever more accepting of the associated commercialism and product promotion. The result has been dubbed "McEducation". The president of Action for Children's Television, Peggy Charren, has said, "Kids are getting pitched walking down hallways, kids are getting pitched eating lunch, kids are getting pitched sitting in the classroom." See Knaus, H., "The commercialized classroom" Multinational Monitor, March 1992, p.14.
25. World Bank, Financing Health Services in Developing Countries: An Agenda for Reform, World Bank, Washington DC, 1987, pp.2-6.
26. Bathily, A., "Senegal's structural adjustment programme and its economic and social effects: the political economy of regression", in Onimode, B., The IMF, the World Bank and the African Debt, Vol. II, Zed Books, London 1989, p.131.
27. Creese, A.L., "User charges for health care: a review of recent experience", Health Policy and Planning, Vol. 6, No. 4, undated, p.316, drawing upon De Béthune et al., "The influence of an abrupt price increase on health service utilization: evidence from Zaire", Health Policy and Planning, Vol.5, No, 4, Oxford University Press, pp.76-81.
28. Creese, A.L., "User charges for health care: a review of recent experience", Health Policy and Planning, Vol. 6, No. 4, undated, p.316, drawing upon De Béthune et al., "The influence of an abrupt price increase on health service utilization: evidence from Zaire", Health Policy and Planning, Vol.5, No, 4, Oxford University Press, pp.76-81.
29. Waddington, C. and Enyimayew, K.A., "A price to pay, Part 2: The impact of user charges in the Volta Region of Ghana", International Journal of Health Planning and Management, No. 5, 1990, pp.299.
30. Kanji, Najmi; Kanji, Nazneed; and Manji, Firoze, "From development to sustained crisis: structural adjustment, equity and health", Social Science and Medicine, Vol. 33, No. 9., Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1991, p.990.
31. "There is no such thing as the social, there are only individuals and families" said Margaret Thatcher in 1987.