A new formulation for the Bowen ratio over saturated surfaces

Journal of Applied Meteorology

Volumn 35, Issue 8, 1996, Pages 1279-1289

  Andreas, Edgar L ^a   Cash, Benjamin A ^a,b  

^a Engineering Research and Development Center   (United States)

^b PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AIR TEMPERATURE; BOWEN RATIO; HEAT FLUX; SURFACE SATURATION; SURFACE TEMPERATURE;

EID: 0030430468     PISSN: 08948763     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0450(1996)035<1279:ANFFTB>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Anderson, R. J., and S. D. Smith, 1981: Evaporation coefficient for the sea surface from eddy flux measurements. J. Geophys. Res., 86, 449-456.
2. Andreas, E. L., 1987: Spectral measurements in a disturbed boundary layer over snow. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 1912-1939.
3. 2 over snow and sea ice from meteorological data. J. Opt. Soc. Amer. A, 5, 481-495.
4. _, 1989a: Comments on "A physical bound on the Bowen ratio." J. Appl. Meteor., 28, 1252-1254.
5. _, 1989b: Two-wavelength method of measuring path-averaged turbulent surface heat fluxes. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 6, 280-292.
6. _, and K. J. Claffey, 1995: Air-ice drag coefficients in the western Weddell Sea. 1: Values deduced from profile measurements. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 4821-4831.
7. _, C. A. Paulson, R. M. Williams, R. W. Lindsay, and J. A. Businger, 1979: The turbulent heat flux from Arctic leads. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 17, 57-91.
8. _, K. J. Claffey, A. P. Makshtas, and B. V. Ivanov, 1992: Atmospheric sciences on Ice Station Weddell. Antarct. J. U. S., 27(5), 115-117.
9. Badgley, F. I., C. A. Paulson, and M. Miyake, 1972: Profiles of Wind, Temperature, and Humidity over the Arabian Sea. University Press of Hawaii, 62 pp.
10. Blanc, T. V., 1987: Accuracy of bulk-method-determined flux, stability, and sea surface roughness. J. Geophys. Res., 92, 3867-3876.
11. Buck, A. L., 1981: New equations for computing vapor pressure and enhancement factor. J. Appl. Meteor., 20, 1527-1532.
12. Busch, N. E., 1973: On the mechanics of atmospheric turbulence. Workshop on Micrometeorology, D. A. Haugen, Ed., Amer. Meteor. Soc., 1-65.
13. DeCosmo, J., 1991: Air-sea exchange of momentum, heat and water vapor over whitecap sea states. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Washington, 212 pp.
14. Fleagle, R. G., and J. A. Businger, 1980: An Introduction to Atmospheric Physics. 2d ed., Academic Press, 432 pp.
15. Fujitani, T., 1981: Direct measurement of turbulent fluxes over the sea during AMTEX. Pap. Meteor. Geophys., 32, 119-134.
16. Hicks, B. B., and G. D. Hess, 1977: On the Bowen ratio and surface temperature at sea. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 7, 141-145.
17. Hilsentrath, J., and Coauthors, 1960: Tables of Thermodynamic Transport Properties of Air, Argon, Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, and Steam. Pergamon Press, 478 pp.
18. ISW Group, 1993: Weddell Sea exploration from ice station. Eos, Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union, 74, 121-126.
19. King, J. C., and P. S. Anderson, 1994: Heat and water vapour fluxes and scalar roughness lengths over an Antarctic ice shelf. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 69, 101-121.
20. Launiainen, J., 1979: Studies of energy exchange between the air and the sea surface on the coastal area of the Gulf of Finland. Finn. Mar. Res., 246, 3-110.
21. Leavitt, E., and C. A. Paulson, 1975: Statistics of surface layer turbulence over the tropical ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 5, 143-156.
22. _, M. Albright, and F. Carsey, 1978: Report on the AIDJEX meteorological experiment. AIDJEX Bull., 39, 121-147.
23. Mitsuta, Y., and T. Fujitani, 1974: Direct measurement of turbulent fluxes on a cruising ship. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 6, 203-217.
24. _, and T. Fujita, Eds., 1975: Boundary layer and radiation observations. AMTEX '75 Data Rep., Vol. 4. Management Committee for AMTEX, Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan, 295 pp.
25. Ohtaki, E., O. Tsukamoto, Y. Iwatani, and Y. Mitsuta, 1989: Measurements of the carbon dioxide flux over the ocean. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 67, 541-554.
26. Philip, J. R., 1987: A physical bound on the Bowen ratio. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 26, 1043-1045.
27. Pond, S., G. T. Phelps, J. E. Paquin, G. McBean, and R. W. Stewart, 1971: Measurements of the turbulent fluxes of momentum, moisture and sensible heat over the ocean. J. Atmos. Sci., 28, 901-917.
28. Priestley, C. H. B., and R. J. Taylor, 1972: On the assessment of surface heat flux and evaporation using large-scale parameters. Mon. Wea. Rev., 100, 81-92.
29. Roll, H. U., 1965: Physics of the Marine Atmosphere. Academic Press, 426 pp.
30. Smith, S. D., 1974: Eddy flux measurements over Lake Ontario. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 6, 235-255.
31. _, and R. J. Anderson, 1988: Bedford Institute of Oceanography eddy flux measurements during HEXMAX. Humidity Exchange over the Sea Main Experiment (HEXMAX) Analysis and Interpretation, W. A. Oost, S. D. Smith, and K. B. Katsaros, Eds., University of Washington, 14-21.
32. Thom, A. S., 1975: Momentum, mass and heat exchange of plant communities. Vegetation and the Atmosphere. Vol. 1. Academic Press, 57-109.
33. Tsukamoto, O., E. Ohtaki, H. Ishida, M. Horiguchi, and Y. Mitsuta, 1990: On-board direct measurements of turbulent fluxes over the open sea. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 68, 203-211.
34. Zilitinkevich, S. S., 1966: Effect of humidity stratification on hydrostatic stability. Izv. Acad. Sci. USSR, Atmos. Oceanic Phys., 2, 655-658.