Three-dimensional view of the large-scale tropospheric ozone distribution over the North Atlantic Ocean during summer

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres

Volumn 101, Issue 22, 1996, Pages 29305-29316

  Kasibhatla, P ^a,b   Levy II, H ^c   Klonecki, A ^d   Chameides, W L ^a  

^a GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^b MCNC   (United States)

^c NOAA EARTH SYSTEM RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

^d PRINCETON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT; CHEMICAL TRANSPORT; LARGE-SCALE DISTRIBUTION; MODEL; OZONE; SUMMER; TROPOSPHERE;

ATLANTIC, (NORTH);

EID: 0030428492     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/95jd03234     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Altshuller, A. P., Association of oxidant episodes with warm stagnating anticyclones, J. Air. Pollut. Control Assoc., 28, 152-155, 1978.
2. Beekmann, M., G. Ancellet, and G. Megie, Climatology of tropospheric ozone in southern Europe and its relation to potential vorticity, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 12,841-12,853, 1994.
3. Brost, R. A., R. B. Chatfield, J. P. Greenberg, P. L. Haagenson, B. G. Heikes, S. Madronich, B. A. Ridley, and P. R. Zimmerman, Three-dimensional modeling of transport of chemical species from continents to the Atlantic Ocean, Tellus, 40B, 358-379, 1988.
4. Chameides, W., and J. C. G. Walker, A photochemical theory of tropospheric ozone, J. Geophys. Res., 78, 8751-8760, 1973.
5. Chameides, W. L., et al., Ozone precursor relationships in the ambient atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 6037-6055, 1992.
6. Chatfield, R., and H. Harrison, Tropospheric ozone, 2, Variations along a meridional band, J. Geophys. Res., 82, 5969-5976, 1977.
7. Chin, M., D. J. Jacob, J. W. Munger, D. D. Parrish, and B. G. Doddridge, Relationship of ozone and carbon monoxide over North America, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 14,565-14,573, 1994.
8. Crutzen, P. J., Photochemical reaction initiated by and influencing ozone in unpolluted tropospheric air, Tellus, 26, 58-70, 1974.
9. x sources on tropospheric ozone, J. Geophys. Res., 88, 6641-6661, 1983.
10. Crutzen, P. J., and P. H. Zimmerman, The changing photochemistry of the troposphere, Tellus, 43AB, 136-151, 1991.
11. Drummond, J. W., D. H. Ehhalt, and A. Volz, Measurements of nitric oxide between 0 and 12 km altitude and 67°N to 60°S latitude obtained during STRATOZ III, J. Geophys. Res., 93, 15,831-15,849, 1988.
12. Fishman, J., C. E. Watson, J. C. Larsen, and J. A. Logan, Distribution of tropospheric ozone determined from satellite data, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 3599-3617, 1990.
13. Galloway, J. N., H. Levy II, and P. S. Kasibhatla, Year 2020: Consequences of population growth and development on deposition of oxidized nitrogen, Ambio, 23, 120-123, 1994.
14. Guenther, A., et al., A global model of natural volatile organic compound emissions, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 8873-8892, 1995.
15. Harriss, R. C., E. V. Browell, D. I. Sebacher, G. L. Gregory, R. R. Hinton, S. M. Beck, D. S. McDougal, and S. T. Shipley, Atmospheric transport of pollutants from North America to the North Atlantic Ocean, Nature, 308, 722-724, 1984.
16. Hough, A. M., and R. G. Derwent, Changes in the global concentration of tropospheric ozone due to human activities, Nature, 344, 645-648, 1990.
17. x, Tellus, 39B, 271-285, 1987.
18. Jacob, D. J., et al., Simulation of summertime ozone over North America, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 14,797-14,816, 1993a.
19. Jacob, D. J., et al., Factors regulating ozone over the United States and its export to the global atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 14,817-14,826, 1993b.
20. Junge, C. E., Global ozone budget and exchange between stratosphere and troposphere, Tellus, 14, 363-377, 1962.
21. y from sub-sonic aircraft emissions: A global three-dimensional model study, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 1707-1710, 1993.
22. y levels: A model study, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 18,631-18,646, 1991.
23. y, distributions from fossil fuel combustion emissions: A model study, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 7165-7180, 1993.
24. Law, K. S., and J. A. Pyle, Modeling the response of tropospheric trace species to changing source gas concentrations, Atmos. Environ., 25A, 1863-1871, 1991.
25. Levy, H., II, Normal atmosphere: Large radical and formaldehyde concentrations predicted, Science, 173, 141-143, 1971.
26. Levy, H., II, and W. J. Moxim, Simulated global distribution and deposition of reactive nitrogen emitted by fossil fuel combustion, Tellus, 41, 256-271, 1989.
27. 2O variability, J. Geophys. Res., 87, 3061-3080, 1982.
28. Levy, H., II, J. D. Mahlman, W. J. Moxim, and S. C. Liu, Tropospheric ozone: The role of transport, J. Geophys. Res., 90, 3753-3772, 1985.
29. Levy, H., II, W. J. Moxim, P. S. Kasibhatla, and J. A. Logan, The global impact of biomass burning on tropospheric reactive nitrogen, in Global Biomass Burning: Atmospheric, Climatic, and Biospheric Implications, pp. 363-369, edited by J. S. Levine, The MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1991.
30. x sources on the northern latitudes, in NATO ASI Series, vol. 17, The Tropospheric Chemistry of Ozone in Polar Regions, edited by H. Niki and K. H. Becker, pp. 77-88, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1993.
31. x, J. Geophys. Res., in press, 1995.
32. Lin, X., M. Trainer, and S. C. Liu, On the nonlinearity of the tropospheric ozone production, J. Geophys. Res., 93, 15,879-15,888, 1988.
33. Liu, S. C., M. Trainer, F. C. Fehsenfeld, D. D. Parrish, E. J. Williams, D. W. Fahey, G. Hubler, and P. C. Murphy, Ozone production in the rural troposphere and the implications for regional and global ozone distributions, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 4191-4207, 1987.
34. Logan, J. A., Trends in the vertical distribution of ozone: An analysis of ozonesonde data, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 25,553-25,585, 1994.
35. Lu, Y., and M. A. K. Khalil, Tropospheric OH: Model calculations of spatial, temporal, and secular variations, Chemosphere, 23, 397-444, 1991.
36. Mahlman, J. D., and W. J. Moxim, Tracer simulations using a global general circulation model: Results from a midlatitude instantaneous source experiment, J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 1340-1374, 1978.
37. Mahlman, J. D., H. Levy II, and W. J. Moxim, Three-dimensional tracer structure and behavior as simulated in two ozone precursor experiments, J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 655-685, 1980.
38. Manabe, S., and J. L. Holloway Jr., The seasonal variation of the hydrologic cycle as simulated by a global model of the atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 80, 1617-1649, 1975.
39. Manabe, S., and R. F. Strickler, Thermal equilibrium of the atmosphere with a convective adjustment, J. Atmos. Sci., 21, 361-385, 1964.
40. Manabe, S., and R. T. Wetherald, Thermal equilibrium of the atmosphere with a given distribution of relative humidity, J. Atmos. Sci., 24, 241-259, 1967.
41. Manabe, S., D. G. Hahn, and J. L. Holloway, Jr., The seasonal variation of the tropical circulation as simulated by a global model of the atmosphere, J. Atmos. Sci., 31, 43-83, 1974.
42. Mathews, E., Global vegetation and land use: New high-resolution data bases for climate studies, J. Clim. Appl. Meteorol., 22, 474-487, 1983.
43. Mathur, R., K. L. Schere, and A. Nathan, Dependencies and sensitivity of tropospheric oxidants to precursor concentrations over the north-east United States: A model study, J. Geophys. Res. 99, 10,535-10,552, 1994.
44. McKeen, S. A., E.-Y. Hsie, M. Trainer, R. Tallamraju, and S. C. Liu, A regional model study of the ozone budget in the eastern United States, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 10,809-10,845, 1991.
45. Miyoshi, A., S. Hatakeyama, and N. Washida, OH radical-initiated photooxidation of isoprene: An estimate of global CO production, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 18,799-18,787, 1994.
46. y to Hawaii during August: A synoptic study, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 5717-5729, 1990.
47. Nagatani, R. M., A. J. Miller, K. W. Johnson, and M. E. Gelman, An eight-year climatology of meteorological and SBUV ozone data, NOAA Tech. Rep. NWS 40, 125 pp., Natl. Weather Serv., Camp Springs, Md., 1988.
48. Oltmans, S. J., and H. Levy II, Seasonal cycle of surface ozone over the western North Atlantic, Nature, 358, 392-394, 1992.
49. Oort, A. H., Global atmospheric circulation statistics, 1958-1973, NOAA Prof. Pap. 14, 180 pp., U.S. Govt. Print. Off., Washington, D. C., 1983.
50. Parrish, D. D., J. S. Holloway, M. Trainer, P. C. Murphy, G. L. Forbes, and F. C. Fehsenfeld, Export of North American ozone pollution to the North Atlantic Ocean, Science, 259, 1436-1439, 1993.
51. Pinto, J. P., and M. A. K. Khalil, The stability of tropospheric OH during ice ages, interglacial epochs and modern times, Tellus, 43B, 136-151, 1991.
52. Ramanathan, V., R. J. Cicerone, H. B. Singh, and J. T. Kiehl, Trace gas trends and their potential role in climate change, J. Geophys. Res., 90, 5547-5566, 1985.
53. y compounds in the troposphere over Alaska and Canada: ABLE 3B, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 1837-1861, 1994.
54. 4 increase since the Last Glacial Maximum, 2, Interaction with oxidants, Tellus, 45B, 242-257, 1993.
55. y in photochemically aged air, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 2917-2925, 1993.
56. Volz, A., and D. Kley, Evaluation of the Montsouris series of ozone measurements made in the nineteenth century, Nature, 332, 240-242, 1988.
57. Volz-Thomas, A., et al., Proceedings of EUROTRAC Symposium '92, edited by P. M. Borrell, SPB Acad., The Hague, 1993.
58. Wang, T., Atmospheric reactive nitrogen oxides and their relationship with urban and rural ozone formation, Ph.D. thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 1992.
59. Wesely, M. L., Parameterization of surface resistances to gaseous dry deposition in regional-scale numerical models, Atmos. Environ., 23, 1293-1304, 1989.
60. Wesely, M. L., and B. B. Hicks, Some factors that affect the deposition rates of sulfur dioxide and similar gases on vegetation, J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc., 27, 110-1116, 1977.
61. Winkler, P., Surface ozone over the Atlantic Ocean, J. Atmos. Chem., 7, 73-91, 1988.
62. World Meteorological Organization (WMO), Scientific assessment of ozone depletion, WMO Rep. 37, Global Ozone Res. Monit. Proj., Geneva, 1994.
63. x emissions, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 11,447-11,464, 1995.