The origin of carbonatites and related rocks from the Igaliko Dyke Swarm, Gardar Province, South Greenland: Field, geochemical and C-O-Sr-Nd isotope evidence

Lithos

Volumn 39, Issue 1-2, 1996, Pages 21-40

  Pearce, N J G ^a   Leng, M J ^b  

^a ABERYSTWYTH UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b NATURAL ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH COUNCIL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Carbonatites; Gardar; Geochemistry; Greenland; Isotopes

Indexed keywords

CARBONATITE; GEOCHEMISTRY; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; PETROGENESIS;

GREENLAND, GARDAR PROVINCE, IGALIKO DYKE SWARM;

EID: 0030427192     PISSN: 00244937     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/s0024-4937(96)00018-7     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. Andersen, T., 1987. Mantle and crustal components in a carbonatite complex, and the evolution of carbonatite magma: REE and isotopic evidence from the Fen Complex, Southeast Norway. Chem. Geol. (Isotope Geosci. Sect.), 65: 147-166.
2. Bedford, C.M., 1989, The Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of the Grønnedal-Ika Complex, South West Greenland. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. Durham (unpubl.).
3. Bell, K. and Blenkinsop, J., 1989. Neodynium and strontium isotope geochemistry of carbonatites. In: K. Bell (Editor), Carbonatites: Genesis and Evolution. Unwin and Hyman, London.
4. Blaxland, A.B., van Breemen, O., Emeleus, C.H. and Anderson, J.G., 1978. Age and origin of the major syenite centers in the Gardar province of south Greenland: Rb-Sr studies. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 89: 231-244.
5. Blaxland, A.B., van Breemen, O. and Steenfelt, A., 1975. Age and origin of agpaitic magmatism at Ilìmaussaq, south Greenland: a Rb-Sr study. Lithos, 9: 31-38.
6. Boynton, W.V., 1984. Geochemistry of the Rare Earth Elements: Meteorite studies. In: P. Henerson (Editor), Rare Earth Element Geochemistry, Developments in Geochemistry, 2. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
7. Clarke, L.B., Le Bas, M.J. and Spiro, B., 1993. Rare Earth, trace elements and stable isotope fractionation of carbonatites at Kruidfontein, Transvaal, South Africa. Proc. 5th Kimberlite Conf. 1, Kimberlite, Related Rocks and Mantle Xenoliths. CPRM, Brasilia, pp. 236-251.
8. Craig, H., 1957. Isotopic standards for carbon and oxygen and correstion factors for mass spectrometric analyses of carbon dioxide. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 12: 133-149.
9. Craven, J.A., 1985. The Petrogenesis of Some Ultramafic Rocks from the Gardar Province, S.W. Greenland. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. Edinburgh (unpubl.).
10. Deines, P., 1970. The carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of carbonates from the Oka carbonatite, Quebec, Canada. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 34: 1199-1225.
11. Deines, P., 1989. Stable isotope variations in carbonatites. In: K. Bell (Editor), Carbonatites: Genesis and Evolution. Unwin and Hyman, London, pp. 301-359.
12. Des Marais, D.J. and Moore, J.G., 1984. Carbon and its isotopes in mid-oceanic basalt glasses. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 69: 43-57.
13. Emeleus, C.H., 1964. The Grønnedal-Ika Alkaline Complex, South Greenland. Bull. Grønl. Geol. Unders., 85. (also Medd. Grønl., 186(3)).
14. Emeleus, C.H., 1964. The Grønnedal-Ika Alkaline Complex, South Greenland. Bull. Grønl. Geol. Unders., 85. (also Medd. Grønl., 186(3)).
15. Emeleus, C.H. and Upton, B.G.J., 1976. The Gardar Period in Southern Greenland. In: A. Escher and W.S. Watt (Editors), The Geology of Greenland. GGU, København, pp. 153-181.
16. Fitton, J.G., 1987. The Cameroon Line, West Africa: a comparison between oceanic and continental alkaline volcanism. In: J.G Fitton and B.G.J. Upton (Editors), Alkaline Igneous Rocks. Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 30.
17. Fitton, J.G and Dunlop, H.M., 1985. The Cameroon Line, West Africa and its bearing on the origin of oceanic and continental alkali basalt. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 2: 23-38.
18. Foley, S.F., 1984. Liquid immicibility and melt segregation in alkaline lamprophyres. Lithos, 17: 127-137.
19. Freestone, I.C and Hamilton, D.L., 1980. The role of liquid immiscibility in the genesis of carbonatites. An experimental study. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 73: 105-117.
20. Gittins, J., 1989a. The origin of carbonatites. Nature (London), 335: 295-296.
21. Gittins, J., 1989b. Reply to "Carbonatite origin and diversity" by Kjarsgaard, B.A. and Hamilton, D.L. Nature (London), 338: 548.
22. Gold, D.P., 1969. In: Geology of the Monteregian Hills, Geol. Assoc. Can. Mineral. Assoc. Can. Guidebook, Montreal, pp. 43-62.
23. Hamilton, D.L., Bedson, P. and Esson, J., 1989. The behaviour of trace elements in the evolution of carbonatites. In: K. Bell (Editor), Carbonatites: Genesis and Evolution. Unwin and Hyman, London.
24. Hayward, C.L. and Jones, A.P., 1991. Cathodoluminescence petrography of Middle Proterozoic extrusive carbonatite from Qasiarsuk, South Greenland. Mineral. Mag., 55: 591-603.
25. Hodgson, N.A., 1985. Carbonatites and Associated Rocks from the Cape Verde Islands. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. Leicester (unpubl.).
26. Kalsbeek, F. and Taylor, P.N., 1985. Isotopic and chemical variation in granites across a proterozoic continental margin - the Ketilidian mobile belt of south Greenland. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 73: 65-80.
27. Kjarsgaard, B.A. and Hamilton, D.L., 1988. Liquid immiscibility and the origin of alkali-poor carbonatites. Mineral. Mag., 52: 43-55.
28. Kjarsgaard, B.A. and Hamilton, D.L., 1989. The genesis of carbonatites by liquid immiscibility. In: K. Bell (Editor), Carbonatites: Genesis and Evolution. Unwin and Hyman, London.
29. Knudsen, C. and Buchardt, B., 1991. Carbon and oxygen isotope composition of carbonates from the Qaqarssuk Carbonatite Complex, Southern West Greenland. Chem. Geol. (Isotope Geosci. Sect.), 86: 263-274.
30. Koster van Groos, A.F., 1975. The distribution of Sr between-coexisting silicate and carbonate liquids at elevated temperatures and pressures. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 39: 27-34.
31. 2O and its bearing on the genesis of carbonatites. Am. J. Sci., 266: 932-967.
32. Kyser, T.K., O'Neil, J.R. and Carmichael, I.S.E., 1982. Genetic-relations among basic lavas and ultramafic nodules: evidence from oxygen isotope compositions. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 81: 88-102.
33. Larsen, L.C., 1982. Bagnaesset Syenitkomplex. Ph.D. Thesis, Inst. Petrol., Univ. Copenhagen (unpubl.).
34. Le Bas, M.J., 1977. Carbonatite-Nephelinite Volcanism. Wiley, New York.
35. Le Bas, M.J., 1987. Nephelinites and carbonatites. In: J.G Fitton and B.G.J. Upton (Editors), Alkaline Igneous Rocks. Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ., 30: 53-83.
36. Le Bas, M.J., Le Maitre, R.W., Streckeisen, A. and Zanettin, B., 1986. A chemical classification of volcanic rocks based on the Total Alkalis-Silica diagram. J. Petrol., 27: 745-750.
37. Malpas, J. Foley, S.F. and King, A.F., 1986. Alkaline lamprophyres and ultramafic lamprophyres from the Aillik area. Labrador. Can. J. Earth Sci., 23: 1902-1918.
38. Martin, A.R., 1985. The Evolution of the Tugtutoq-Ilìmaussaq Dyke Swarm, Southwest Greenland. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. Edinburgh (unpubl.).
39. McCrea, J.M., 1950. The isotope chemistry of carbonates and palaeotemperature scale. J. Chem. Phys., 18: 849-857.
40. McKenzie, D.P., 1985. The extraction of magma from the crust and mantle. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 74: 81-89.
41. Nielsen, T.F.D. and Buchardt, B.. 1985. Sr-C-O isotopes in nephelinitic rocks and carbonatites. Gardiner Complex, Tertiary of East Greenland. Chem. Geol., 53: 207-217.
42. Nielsen, T.F.D. and Holm, P.M., 1993. Nd and Sr isotopic compositions from the Gardinier complex, East Greenland Tertiary igneous province. Bull. Geol. Soc. Den., 40: 280-287.
43. Pearce, N.J.G., 1988. The Petrology and Geochemistry of the Igaliko Dyke Swarm, South Greenland. Ph.D. Thesis. Univ. Durham (unpubl.).
44. Rock, N.M.S., 1977. The nature and origin oflamprophyres: some definitions, distinctions and derivations. Earth-Sci. Rev., 13: 123-169.
45. Rock, N.M.S., 1987. The nature and origin of lamprophyres: an overview. In: J.G Fitton and B.G.J. Upton (Editors), Alkaline Igneous Rocks. Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ., 30.
46. Roedder, E., 1979. Silicate liquid immiscibility in magmas. In: H.S. Yoder (Editor), The Evolution of The Igneous Rocks Fiftieth Anniversary Perspectives. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, NJ.
47. Saunders, A.D and Tarney, J., 1984. Geochemical characteristics of basaltic volcanism within back arc basins. In: B.P. Kokelaar and M.F. Howells (Editors), Marginal Basin Geology. Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ., 16.
48. Stewart, J.W., 1964. The Early Gardar Igneous Rocks of the Ilimaussaq Area, South Greenland. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. Durham (unpubl.).
49. Stewart, J.W., 1970. Precambrian Alkaline-Ultramafic-carbonatite Volcanism at Qagssiarsuk, South Greenland. Bull. Grønl. Geol. Unders., 84.
50. Taylor, P.N. and Upton, B.G.J., 1993. Contrasting Pb isotopic compositions in two intrusive complexes of the Gardar Magmatic Province of South Greenland. Chem. Geol. (Isotope Geosci. Sect.), 104: 261-268.
51. Thompson, R.N., 1982. Magmatism in the British Tertiary Volcanic Province. Scott. J. Geol., 18: 49-107.
52. Thompson, R.N., Morroson, M.A., Dickin, A.P. and Hendry, G.L., 1983. Continental Flood basalts. Arachnids Rule OK? In: C.J. Hawkesworth and M.J. Norry (Editors), Continental Basalts and Mantle Xenoliths. Shiva, Nantwich.
53. Treiman, A.H. and Essene, E.J., 1985. The Oka Carbonatite Complex, Quebec: geology and evidence for silicate-carbonatite liquid immiscibility. Am. Mineral., 70: 1101-1113.
54. Twyman, J.G. and Gittins, J., 1987. Alkaline carbonatite magmas: parental or derivative? In: J.G. Fitton and B.G.J. Upton (Editors). Alkaline Igneous Rocks. Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ., 30.
55. Upton, B.G.J., 1991. Gardar mantle xenoliths: Igdlutalik, South Greenland. Rapp. Grønl. Geol. Unders., 150: 37-43.
56. Upton, B.G.J. and Emeleus, C.H., 1987. Mid-proterozoic alkaline magmatism in Southern Greenland: The Gardar Province. In: J.G Fitton and B.G.J. Upton (Editors), Alkaline Igneous Rocks. Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ., 30.
57. Upton, B.G.J. and Fitton, J.G., 1985. Gardar Dykes North of the Igaliko Syenite Complex, Southern Greenland. Rapp. Grønl. Geol. Unders., 127.
58. Upton, B.G.J., Stephenson, D. and Martin, A.R., 1985. The Tugtutoq Older Giant Dyke Complex: Mineralogy and geochemistry of an alkali-gabbro-augite syenite-foyaite association in the Gardar province of south Greenland. Mineral. Mag., 49: 623-642.
59. von Eckermann, H., 1948. The Alkaline District of Alnö Island. Kartogr. Inst., Stockholm AB (Sver. Geol. Unders., 36)
60. Wallace, M.E. and Green, D.H., 1989. An experimental determination of primary carbonatite magma compositions. Nature (London), 335: 343-346.
61. Walsh, N.M., Buckley, F. and Barker, J., 1981. The simultaneous determination of the rare-earth elements in rocks using inductively coupled plasma source spectrometry. Chem. Geol., 33: 141-153.
62. 2 vapour: results and implications for the formation of light rare earth enriched rocks. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 69: 409-419.
63. Woolley, A.R., 1982. A discussion of carbonatite evolution and nomenclature and the generation of sodic and poassic fenites. Mineral. Mag., 46: 13-17.
64. Wyllie, P.J., 1978. Silicate-carbonate systems with bearing on the origin and crystallisation of carbonatite. In: Proc. 1st Int. Symp. Carbonatites, Minist. Minas Energia, Dep. Nac. Producao Mineral, Pocos de Caldas, Minas Gerias, Brazil, 61-78.