The dynamics and thermodynamics of large ash flows

Bulletin of Volcanology

Volumn 58, Issue 2-3, 1996, Pages 175-193

  Bursik, M I ^a   Woods, A W ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY AT BUFFALO   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Ash flow; Coignimbrite eruption column; Phoenix cloud; Run out distance; Supercritical; Volcanic flow model; Volcanic hazard

Indexed keywords

ASH FLOW; FLOW DYNAMICS; RUNOUT DISTANCE; THERMODYNAMICS; VOLCANIC ERUPTION;

EID: 0030425668     PISSN: 02588900     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s004450050134     Document Type: Article

References (81)

1. Anderson T, Flett JS (1903) Report on the eruption of the Soufriere of St. Vincent in 1902 and on a visit to Montagne Pelee in Martinique, Part I. Phil Trans R Soc Lond A 200:353-553
2. Baines WD, Turner JS, Campbell IH (1989) Turbulent fountains in an open chamber. J Fluid Mech 212:557-593
3. Banks N, Hoblitt R (1981) Summary of temperature studies of 1980 deposits. The 1980 eruptions of Mount St. Helens. US Geol Surv Prof Pap 1250:295-313
4. Branney M, Kokelaar P (1992) A reappraisal of ignimbrite emplacement: progressive aggradation and changes from particulate to non-particulate flow during emplacement of high-grade ignimbrite. Bull Volcanol 54:504-520
5. Bonnecaze R, Huppert H, Lister J (1994) Particle laden gravity currents. J Fluid Mech 250:339-369
6. Bonnecaze R, Hallworth M, Huppert H, Lister J (1995) Axisymmetric particle-driven gravity currents. J Fluid Mech 294:93-121
7. Bursik MI, Woods AW (1991) Buoyant, superbuoyant, and collapsing volcanic eruptions. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 45:347-350
8. Bursik MI, Sparks RSJ, Carey SN, Gilbert JS (1992) Sedimentation of tephra by volcanic plumes. I. Theory and its comparison with a study of the Fogo A plinian deposit Sao Miguel (Azores). Bull Volcanol 54:329-344
9. Carey SN, Sigurdsson H (1989) The intensity of Plinian eruptions. Bull Volcanol 51:28-40
10. Carey S, Sigurdsson H, Sparks RSJ (1988) Experimental studies of particle-laden plumes. J Geophys Res 93:15314-15328
11. Carey S, Sigurdsson H, Gardner JE, Criswell W (1996) Variations in column height and magma discharge during the May 18, 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, J Volcanol Geotherm Res 43:99-112
12. Cas R, Wright J (1987) Volcanic successions. Allen and Unwin, London
13. Dade W, Huppert H (1995) A model of the Taupo ignimbrite. (In review)
14. Davies DK, Quearry MQ, Bonis SB (1978) Glowing avalanched from the 1974 eruption of the volcano Fuego Guatemala. Geol Soc Am Bull 89:369-394
15. Denlinger RP (1987) A model for generation of ash clouds by pyroclastic flows with application to the 1980 eruptions at Mount St. Helens. J Geophys Res 91:10284-10312
16. Dobran F, Neri A, Todesco M (1994) Assessing the pyroclastic flow hazard at Vesuvius. Nature 367:551-554
17. Druitt T (1992) Emplacement of the May 18, 1980 lateral blast ENE of Mount St. Helens. Bull Volcanol 54:554-572
18. Ellison TH, Turner JS (1959) Turbulent entrainment in stratified flows. J Fluid Mech 6:423-448
19. Fisher R (1966) Mechanism of deposition from pyroclastic flows. Am J Sci 264:350-363
20. Fisher R (1979) Models for pyroclastic surges and pyroclastic flows. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 6:305-318
21. Fisher R (1990) Transport and deposition of a pyroclastic surge across an area of high relief. The May 18, 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington. Geol Soc Am Bull 102:1038-1054
22. Fisher R, Orsi G, Ort M, Heiken G (1993) Mobility of a large-volume pyroclastic flow - emplacement of the Campanian ignimbrite, Italy. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 56:205-220
23. Fisher RV, Schmincke H-U, Bogard PV (1983) Origin and emplacement of a pyroclastic flow and surge unit at Laacher See, Germany. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 17:375-392
24. Francis P, Self S (1987) L'eruzione de Krakatoa. Le Scienze 39:66-77
25. Garcia MH (1994) Depositional turbidity currents laden with poorly sorted sediment. J Hydraul Eng 120 (11): 1240-1263
26. Gardner JN, Goff F, Garcia S, Hagan RC (1986) Stratigraphic relations and lithologic variations in the Jemez volcanic field, New Mexico. J Geophys Res 91:1763-1778
27. Gill AE (1981) Atmosphere-ocean dynamics. Academic Press, New York
28. Giordano G, Dobran F (1994) Computer simulations of the Tuscolano Artemisio's second pyroclastic flow unit (Alban Hills). J Volcanol Geotherm Res 61:45-68
29. Griggs RF (1922) The Valley of Ten Thousard Smokea. National Geographic Society, Washington DC
30. Hazen A (1904) On sedimentation. Trans Am Soc Civ Engl 3:45-88
31. Hildreth W (1983) The compositionally zoned eruption of 1912 in the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes Katmai National Park Alaska. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 18:1-56
32. Hoblitt R (1986) Observations of the eruptions of July 22 and August 7 1980 at Mount St. Helens, Washington US Geol Surv Prof Pap 1335:1-44
33. Kieffer S, Sturtevant B (1984) Laboratory studies of volcanic jets. J Geophys Res 89:8253-8268
34. Kienle J, Swanson S (1980) Volcanic hazards from future eruptions of Augustine volcano, Alaska. Univ Geophys Inst UAG R-275:1-122
35. Koyaguchi T, Woods AW (1995) The effect of the interaction of surface water and magma upon explosive volcanic eruptions. J Geophys Res (in press)
36. Levine A, Kieffer S (1991) Hydraulics of the August 7, 1980 pyroclastic flow at Mount St. Helens. Geology 19:1121-1124
37. Martin D, Nokes R (1988) Crystal settling in a vigorously converting magma chamber. Nature 332:534-536
38. McEwan AS, Mahn MC (1989) Dynamics of Mount St. Helens 1980 pyroclastic flows rock-avalanche lahars and blast. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 37:205-231
39. Miller TP, Smith RL (1977) Spectacular mobility of ash flows around Anuachek and Fisher caldera, Alaska. Geology 5:173-176
40. Moore J (1967) Base surge in recent volcanic eruptions. Bull Volcanol 30:337-363
41. Nairn I, Self S (1978) Explosive eruptions and pyroclastic avalanches from Ngauruhoe in February 1975. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 3:39-60
42. Neri A, Dobran F (1994) Influence of eruption parameters on the thermofluid dynamics of collapsing volcanic columns. J Geophys Res 99:11833-11857
43. Parker G, Fukushima Y, Yu W (1987) Experiments on turbidity currents over an erodible bed. J Hydr Res 25 (1): 123-147
44. Rosenbaum JG, Waitt RB (1981) Summary of eyewitness accounts of the May 18 eruption. US Geol Serv Prof Pap 1250:53-69
45. Rouse H (1945) Elementary mechanics of fluids. Wiley, New York
46. Schlicting H (1969) Boundary layer theory. McGraw Hill, New York
47. Shapiro AH (1954) The dynamics and thermodynamics of compressible fluid flow. Wiley, New York
48. Sheridan M (1979) Emplacement of pyroclastic flows: a review. Geol Soc Am Spec Pap 180:125-136
49. Sheridan MF, Wohletz KH (1983) Hydrovolcanism: basic considerations and review. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 17:1-29
50. Sloff CJ (1994) Modelling turbidity currents in reservoirs. Comm Hydr Geotech Eng TU Delft 94-5:1-139
51. Smith RL (1960) Ash-flows. Geol Soc Amer Bull 71:795-842
52. Sparks RSJ (1976) Grain size variation in ignimbrites and implications for the transport of pyroclastic flows. Sedimentology 23:147-188
53. Sparks RSJ, Walker GPL (1977) The significance of vitric enriched air fall ashes associated with crystal enriched ignimbrites. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 2:329-341
54. Sparks RSJ, Wilson L, Hulme H (1978) Theoretical modelling of the generation movement and emplacement of pyroclastic flows by column collapse. J Geophys Res 83:1727-1739
55. Sparks RSJ, Moore J, Rice C (1986) The initial giant umbrella cloud of the May 18, 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 28:257-274
56. Taylor GA (1958) The 1951 eruption of Mount Lamington Papua. Austr Bur Min Resources Geol Geophys Bull 38:1-117
57. Turner JS (1979) Buoyancy effects in fluids. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
58. Valentine G (1987) Stratified flow in pyroclastic surges. Bull Volcanol 49:616-630
59. Valentine G, Wohletz K (1989) Numerical models of plinian eruption columns and pyroclastic flows. J Geophys Res 94:1867-1887
60. Valentine G, Wohletz K, Kieffer S (1992) Effects of topography on facies and compositional variation in caldera-related ignimbrite. Geol Soc Am Bull 104:154-165
61. Walker GPL (1973) Explosive volcanic eruptions: a new classification scheme. Geol Rundsch 62:431-446
62. Walker GPL (1980) The Taupo pumice: product of the most powerful known (ultraplinian) eruption? J Volcanol Geotherm Res 9:395-407
63. Walker GPL (1983) Ignimbrite types and ignimbrite problems. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 17:65-88
64. Walker GPL, Hayashi JN, Self S (1995) Travel of pyroclastic flows as transient waves: implications for the energy line concept and particle-concentration assessment. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 66:265-282
65. Williams H (1941) Calderas and their origin. Univ Calif Publ Geol Sci 25:239-346
66. Wilson CJN (1980) The role of fluidisation in the emplacement of pyroclastic flows: an experimental approach. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 8:231-249
67. Wilson CJN (1984) The role of fluidisation in the emplacement of pyroclastic flows. 2. Experimental results and their interpretation. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 20:55-84
68. Wilson CJN (1985) The Taupo eruption New Zealand. II. The Taupo ignimbrite. Phil Trans R Soc Lond A 314:229-310
69. Wilson CJN, Walker GPL (1985) The Taupo eruption New Zealand. I. General aspects. Phil Trans R Soc Lond A314:199-218
70. Wilson L, Sparks RSJ, Walker GPL (1980) Explosive volcanic eruptions IV. The control of magma properties and conduit geometry on eruption column behaviour. Geophys J R Astr Soc 63:117-148
71. Wohletz K, Sheridan M (1979) A model of pyroclastic surge. Geol Soc Am Spec Pap 180:177-94
72. Wohletz K, Sheridan M, Brown W (1989) Particle size distributions and the sequential fragmentation transport theory applied to volcanic ash. J Geophys Res 94:15703-15721
73. Woods AW (1988) The dynamics and thermodynamics of eruption columns. Bull Volcanol 50:169-193
74. Woods AW (1995) The dynamics of explosive volcanic eruptions. Rev Geophys 33:495-530
75. Woods AW, Bursik MI, Kurbatov AV (1995) The influence of ridges on the dynamics and sedimentation from large ash flows. Bull Volcanol (In review)
76. Woods AW, Bursik MI (1991) Particle fallout thermal disequilibrium and volcanic plumes. Bull Volcanol 53:559-570
77. Woods AW, Bursik MI (1994) A laboratory study of ash flows. J Geophys Res 99:4375-4394
78. Woods AW, Bower SM (1995) The decompression of volcanic jets in a crater during explosive volcanic eruptions. Earth Planet Sci Lett 131:189-205
79. Woods AW, Wohletz K (1991) The dimensions and dynamics of coignimbrite eruption columns. Nature 350:225-227
80. Woods AW, Kienle J (1994) The dynamics and thermodynamics of volcanic clouds. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 62:273-299
81. Young S (1990) Unpublished PhD dissertation, Univ Lancaster