Long-term behaviour of precipitating tropical cloud systems: A numerical study

Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society

Volumn 122, Issue 533, 1996, Pages 1019-1042

  Grabowski, Wojciech W ^a   Moncrieff, Mitchell W ^a   Kiehl, Jeffrey T ^a  

^a NATIONAL CENTER FOR ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH   (United States)

Author keywords

Cloud radiative forcing; Cloud resolving model; Greenhouse effect; Mesoscale convective systems; Precipitation; Tropical convection

Indexed keywords

CLOUD SYSTEM; GREENHOUSE EFFECT; HUMIDITY; NUMERICAL STUDY; PRECIPITATION; RADIATION ABSORPTION; RADIATIVE FORCING; TROPICS;

EID: 0030424565     PISSN: 00359009     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1256/smsqj.53301     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Bruintjes, R. T., Clark, T. L. and Hall, W. D. 1994 Interactions between topographic airflow and cloud/precipitation development during the passage of a winter storm in Arizona. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 48-67
2. Chen, C. and Cotton, W. R. 1983 A one-dimensional simulation of the stratocumulus-capped mixed layer. Boundary-Layer Meteorol., 25, 289-321
3. Clark, T. L. 1977 A small-scale dynamic model using a terrain-following coordinate transformation. J. Comput. Phys., 24, 186-215 1979 Numerical simulations with a three-dimensional cloud model: Lateral boundary condition experiments and multicellular severe storm simulations. J. Atmos. Sci., 36, 2192-2215
4. Clark, T. L. 1977 A small-scale dynamic model using a terrain-following coordinate transformation. J. Comput. Phys., 24, 186-215 1979 Numerical simulations with a three-dimensional cloud model: Lateral boundary condition experiments and multicellular severe storm simulations. J. Atmos. Sci., 36, 2192-2215
5. Emanuel, K. A. 1993 The effect of convective response time on WISHE modes. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 1763-1778
6. Flatau, P., Tripoli, G. J., Verlinde, J. and Cotton, W. R. 1989 'The CSU RAMS cloud microphysics module: General theory and code documentation'. Technical Report 451, Colorado State University, USA
7. Koenig, L. R. and Murray, F. W. 1976 Ice-bearing cumulus clouds evolution: Numerical simulation and general comparison against observations. J. Appl. Meteorol., 15, 747-762
8. Kiehl, J. T., Hack, J. J. and Briegleb, B. P. 1994 The simulated Earth radiation budget of the National Center for Atmospheric Research community climate model CCM2 and comparisons with the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE). J. Geophys. Res., 99, 20815-20827
9. Krueger, S. K. 1988 Numerical simulation of tropical cumulus clouds and their interaction with the subcloud layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 2221-2250
10. Kuo, H. L. 1965 On formation and intensification of tropical cyclones through latent heat release by cumulus convection. J. Atmos. Sci., 22, 40-63
11. Madden, R. A. and Julian, P. R. 1971 Detection of a 40-50 day oscillation of the zonal wind in the tropical Pacific. J. Atmos. Sci., 28, 702-708
12. Moncrieff, M. W. 1992 Organized convective systems: Archetypal dynamical models, mass and momentum flux theory, and parametrization. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 118, 819-850 1995 Mesoscale convection from a large-scale perspective. Atmos. Res. (Special Issue), 35, 87-112
13. Moncrieff, M. W. 1992 Organized convective systems: Archetypal dynamical models, mass and momentum flux theory, and parametrization. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 118, 819-850 1995 Mesoscale convection from a large-scale perspective. Atmos. Res. (Special Issue), 35, 87-112
14. Nakazawa, T. 1988 Tropical super clusters within intraseasonal variations over the Western Pacific. J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan, 66, 823-839
15. Ramanathan, V. and Collins, W. 1991 Thermodynamic regulation of ocean warming by cirrus clouds deduced from observations of the 1987 El Niño. Nature, 351, 27-32
16. Soong, S. T. and Ogura, Y. 1980 Response of tradewind cumuli to large-scale processes. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 2035-2050
17. Soong, S. T. and Tao, W. K. 1980 Response of deep tropical cumulus clouds to mesoscale processes. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 2016-2034
18. Sui, C. H., Lau, K. M., Tao, W. K. and Simpson, J. 1994 The tropical water and energy cycles in a cumulus ensemble model. Part I. Equilibrium climate. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 711-728
19. Szilder, K. and Lozowski, E. P. 1995 Cloud feedback examined using a two-component time-dependent climate model. Beitr. Phys. Atmos., 68, 43-57
20. Tao, W. K. and Soong, S. T. 1986 A study of the response of deep tropical clouds to mesoscale processes: Three-dimensional numerical experiments. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 2653-2676
21. Thorpe, A. J., Miller, M. J. and Moncrieff, M. W. 1982 Two-dimensional convection in non-constant shear: a model of mid-latitude squall lines. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 108, 739-762
22. Tripoli, G. J. 1992 A nonhydrostatic mesoscale model designed to simulate scale interaction. Mon. Weather Rev., 120, 1342-1359
23. Xu, K.-M. and Krueger, S. K. 1991 Evaluation of cloudiness parameterizations using a cumulus ensemble model. Mon. Weather Rev., 119, 342-367
24. Xu, K.-M., Arakawa, A. and Kruger, S. K. 1992 The macroscopic behavior of cumulus ensembles simulated by a cumulus ensemble model. J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 2402-2420
25. Yanai, M., Esbensen, S. and Chu, J. H. 1973 Determination of bulk properties of tropical cloud clusters from large-scale heat and moisture budgets. J. Atmos. Sci., 30, 611-627
26. Yano, J.-I. and Emanuel, K. A. 1991 An improved model of the equatorial troposphere and its coupling with the stratosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 377-389
27. Zangvil, A. 1977 On the presentation and interpretation of spectra of large-scale disturbances. Mon. Weather Rev., 105, 1469-1472