A numerical model for chemical and meteorological processes in the atmospheric boundary layer. Part I: A model description and a one-dimensional parameter study

Journal of Applied Meteorology

Volumn 35, Issue 6, 1996, Pages 939-954

  Svensson, Gunilla ^a  

^a UPPSALA UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANT; BOUNDARY LAYER; CHEMICAL SPECIES; FLOW MODEL; NUMERICAL MODEL; TURBULENCE;

EID: 0030424425     PISSN: 08948763     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0450(1996)035<0939:ANMFCA>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Andersson-Sköld, Y., P. Grennfelt, and K. Pleijel, 1992: Photochemical ozone creation potentials: A study of different concepts. J. Air and Waste Manage. Assoc., 42, 1152-1158.
2. Andrén, A., 1990: Evaluation of a turbulence closure scheme suitable for air pollution applications. J. Appl. Meteor., 29, 224-239.
3. Baer, M., and K. Nester, 1992: Parameterization of trace gas dry deposition velocities for a regional mesoscale diffusion model. Ann. Geophys., 10, 912-923.
4. Coulson. K. L., and D. W. Reynolds, 1971: The spectral reflectance of natural surfaces. J. Appl. Meteor., 10, 1285-1295.
5. DeMore, W. B., S. P. Sander, D. M. Golden, M. J. Molina, R. F. Hampson, M. J. Kurylo, C. J. Howard, and A. R. Ravishankara, 1990: Chemical kinetics and photochemical data for use in stratospheric modeling. Evaluation number 9. Jet Propulsion Laboratory Publication 90-1, NASA, Pasadena, CA, 217 pp.
6. Derwent, R. G., 1990: Evaluation of a number of chemical mechanisms for their application in models describing the formation of photochemical ozone in Europe. Atmos. Environ., 24A, 2615-2624.
7. Enger, L., 1986: A higher order closure model applied to dispersion in a convective PBL. Atmos. Environ., 20, 879-894.
8. _, 1990a: Simulation of dispersion in moderately complex terrain - Part A. The fluid dynamic model. Atmos. Environ., 24A, 2431-2446.
9. _, 1990b: Simulation of dispersion in moderately complex terrain - Part B. The higher order closure dispersion model. Atmos. Environ., 24A, 2447-2455.
10. _, 1990c: Simulation of dispersion in moderately complex terrain - Part C. A dispersion model for operational use. Atmos. Environ., 24A, 2457-2471.
11. _, and M. Tjernström, 1991: Estimating the effect on the regional precipitation climate in a semiarid region caused by an artificial lake using a mesoscale model. J. Appl. Meteor., 30, 227-250.
12. _, and D. Koraêin, 1995: Simulations of dispersion in complex terrain using a higher-order closure model. Atmos. Environ., 29, 2449-2465.
13. _, _, and X. Yang, 1993: A numerical study of the boundary layer dynamics in a mountain valley. Part 1: Model validation and sensitivity experiments. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 66, 357-394.
14. Finlayson-Pitts, B. J., and J. N. Pitts, 1986: Atmospheric Chemistry: Fundamentals and Experimental Techniques. John Wiley & Sons, 1098 pp.
15. Gery, M. W., G. Z. Whitten, J. P. Killus, and M. C. Dodge, 1989: A photochemical kinetics mechanism for urban and regional scale computer modeling. J. Geophys. Res., 94(D10), 12 925-12 956.
16. Harley, R. A., A. G. Russell, G. J. McRae, G. R. Cass, and J. H. Seinfeld, 1993: Photochemical modeling of the southern California air-quality study. Environ. Sci. Technol., 27, 378-388.
17. Isaksen, I. S. A., K. H. Midtbø, J. Sunde, and P. J. Crutzen, 1977: A simplified method to include molecular scattering and reflection in calculations of photon fluxes and photodissociation rates. Geophys. Norv., 31, 11-26.
18. Koračin D., and L. Enger, 1994: A numerical study of boundary-layer dynamics in a mountain valley. Part 2: Observed and simulated characteristics of atmospheric stability and local flows. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 69, 249-283.
19. Lamb, R. G., 1975: Microscale modeling studies. Vol. III, EPA Contract No. 68-02-1237,
20. Leone, J. A., and J. H. Seinfeld, 1985: Comparative analysis of chemical reaction mechanisms for photochemical smog. Atmos. Environ., 19, 437-464.
21. Madronich, S., 1987: Photodissociation in the atmosphere. 1. Actinic flux and the effects of ground reflections and clouds. J. Geophys. Res., 92(D8), 9740-9752.
22. Melas, D., and L. Enger, 1993: A numerical study of flow in Athens area using the MIUU model. Environ. Software, 8, 55-63.
23. Mellor, G. L., and T. Yamada, 1974: A hierarchy of turbulence closure models for planetary boundary layers. J. Atmos. Sci., 31, 1791-1806.
24. Moussiopoulos, N., 1995: The EUMAC zooming-model, a tool for local regional air-quality study. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 57, 115-133.
25. 3 measurements above a deciduous forest. Atmos. Environ., 25A, 1689-1704.
26. Pielke, R. A., 1984: Mesoscale Meteorological Modeling. Academic Press, 612 pp.
27. Scheffe, R. D., and R. E. Morris, 1993: A review of the development and application of the urban airshed model. Atmos. Environ., 27B, 23-39.
28. Schere, K. L., 1988: Modeling ozone concentrations. Environ. Sci. Technol., 22, 488-495.
29. Seigneur, C., 1987: Computer simulation of air pollution chemistry. Environ. Software, 2, 116-127.
30. Shieh, D. S., Y. Chang, and G. R. Carmichael, 1988: The evaluation of numerical techniques for solution of stiff ordinary differential equations arising from chemical kinetic problems. Environ. Software, 3, 28-38.
31. Svensson, G., 1996: A numerical model for chemical and meteorological processes in the atmospheric boundary layer. Part II: A case study of the air quality situation in Athens, Greece. J. Appl. Meteor., 35, 955-973.
32. Tjernström, M., 1987: A study of flow over complex terrain using a three-dimensional model. A preliminary model evaluation focusing on stratus and fog. Ann. Geophys., 88, 469-486.
33. _, 1988a: Numerical simulations of stratiform boundary-layer clouds on the meso-γ-scale. Part I. The influence of terrain height differences. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 44, 33-72.
34. _, 1988b: Numerical simulations of stratiform boundary-layer clouds on the meso-γ-scale. Part II. The influence of a step change in surface roughness and surface temperature. Bound-Layer Meteor., 44, 307-230.
35. _, 1989: Some tests with a surface energy balance scheme, including a bulk parameterization for vegetation, in a mesoscale model. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 48, 33-68.
36. _, L. Enger, and A. Andrén, 1988: A three-dimensional numerical model for studies of atmospheric flows on the meso-γ-scale. J. Theor. Appl. Mech., 7, 167-194.
37. Vilà-Guerau de Arellano, P. G. Duynkerke, P. J. Jonker, and P. J. H. Builtjes, 1993: An observational study on the effects of time and space averaging in photochemical models. Atmos. Environ., 27A, 353-362.
38. Voldner, E. C., L. A. Barrie, and A. Sirois, 1986: A literature review of dry deposition of oxides of sulphur and nitrogen with emphasis on long-range transport modelling in North America. Atmos. Environ., 20, 2102-2123.
39. Yamada, T., 1977: A numerical experiment on pollutant dispersion in a horizontally homogeneous atmospheric boundary layer. Atmos. Environ., 11, 1015-1024.
40. Yamartino, R. J., J. S. Scire, G. R. Carmichael, and Y. S. Chang, 1992: The CALGRID mesoscale photochemical grid model-I. Model formulation. Atmos. Environ., 26A, 1493-1512.
41. Yang, X., 1991: A study of nonhydrostatic effects in idealized sea breeze systems. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 54, 183-208.
42. _, 1993: A nonhydrostatic model for simulation of airflow over mesoscale bell-shaped ridges. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 65, 401-424,