HLA control in the progression of human papillomavirus infections

Seminars in Cancer Biology

Volumn 7, Issue 6, 1996, Pages 359-371

  Breitburd, Françoise ^a   Ramoz, Nicolas ^a   Salmon, Jérôme ^a   Orth, Gérard ^a  

^a INSTITUT PASTEUR   (France)

Author keywords

Epidermodysplasia verruciformis; Major histocompatibility complex; Neoplasia; Papillomavirus, human; Papillomavirus, rabbit; Uterine cervix

Indexed keywords

HLA ANTIGEN CLASS 1; HLA ANTIGEN CLASS 2;

ANTIGEN EXPRESSION; ANTIGEN PRESENTATION; ANTIGENIC VARIATION; CELLULAR IMMUNITY; CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTE; EPIDERMODYSPLASIA VERRUCIFORMIS; HELPER CELL; HLA SYSTEM; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; RABBIT; REVIEW; SKIN CANCER; UTERINE CERVIX CANCER; VIRUS CARCINOGENESIS; VIRUS IMMUNITY; VIRUS INFECTION; WART VIRUS;

EID: 0030417328     PISSN: 1044579X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/scbi.1996.0045     Document Type: Review

References (120)

1. 1. Thomas L (1979) On warts, in The Medusa and the Snail pp 76-87. The Viking Press, New York
2. 2. zur Hausen H (1996) Papillomavirus infections: a major cause of human cancers. Biochem Biophys Acta 1288:F55-F78
3. 3. Favre M, Ramoz N, Orth G (1997) Papillomaviruses: general features. Clin Dermatol 15:181-198
4. 4. Kawase M, Orth G, Jablonska S, Blanchet-Bardon C, Rueda L-A, Favre M (1996) Variability and phylogenyof the L1 capsid protein gene of human papillomavirus type 5: contribution of clusters of nonsynonymous mutations and of a 30-nucleotide duplication. Virology 221:189-198
5. 5. Yamada T, Manos MM, Peto J, Greer CE, Muñoz N, Bosch FX, Wheeler CM (1997) Human papillomavirus type 16 sequence variation in cervical cancers: A worldwide perspective. J Virol 71:2463-2472
6. 6. Shah KV, Howley PM (1996) Papillomaviruses, in Virology (Fields BN, Knipe DM, Howley PM, eds) pp 2077-2109, Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia
7. 7. IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans (1995) Human Papillomaviruses. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans Vol. 64. International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon
8. 8. Schiffman MH (1995) New epidemiology of human papillomavirus infection and cervical neoplasia. J Natl Cancer Inst 87:1345-1347
9. 9. Orth G (1987) Epidermodysplasia verruciformis, in The papillomaviruses (Howley PM, Salzman NP, eds) pp 199-243. Plenum Press, New York
10. 10. Boxman ILA, Berkhout RJM, Mulder LHC, Wolkers MC, Bouwes Bavinck JN, Vermeer BJ, ter Schegget J (1997) Detection of human papillomavirus DNA in plucked hairs from renal transplant recipients and healthy volunteers. J Invest Dermatol 108:712-715
11. 11. Berkhout RJM, Tieben LM, Smits HL, Bouwes Bavinck JN, Vermeer BJ, ter Schegget J (1995) Nested PCR approach for detection and typing of epidermodysplasia verruciformis-associated human papillomavirus types in cutaneous cancers from renal transplant recipients. J Clin Microbiol 33:690-695
12. 12. Shamanin V, zur Hausen H, Lavergne D, Proby CM, Leigh IM, Neumann C, Hamm H, Goos M, Haustein U-F, Jung EG, Plewig G, de Villiers EM (1996) Human papillomavirus infections in nonmelanoma skin cancers from renal transplant recipients and nonimmunosuppressed patients. J Natl Cancer Inst 88:802-811
13. 13. Pfister H, ter Schegget J (1997) Role of HPV in cutaneous premalignant and malignant tumors. Clin Dermatol 15:335-348
14. 14. Majewski S, Jablonska S, Orth G (1997) Epidermodysplasia verruciformis as a model for HPV-related oncogenesis, in Human Papillomavirus Infections in Dermatovenereology (Gross G, von Krogh G, eds) pp 131-150. CRC Press, Boca Raton
15. 15. Kast WM, Feltkamp MCW, Ressing ME, Vierboom MPM, Brandt RMP, Melief CJM (1996) Cellular immunity against human papillomavirus associated cervical cancer. Semin Virol 7:117-123
16. 16. Stern PL (1996) Immunity to human papillomavirus-associated cervical neoplasia. Adv Cancer Res 69:175-211
17. 17. Zinkernagel RM (1993) Immunity to viruses, in Fundamental Immunology (Paul WE, ed.) pp 1211-1250. Raven Press, New York
18. 18. Kirnbauer R, Hubbert NL, Wheeler CM, Becker TM, Lowy DR, Schiller JT (1994) A virus-like particle enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detects serum antibodies in a majority of women infected with human papillomavirus type 16. J Natl Cancer Inst 86:494-499
19. 19. Viscidi RP, Sun Y, Tsuzaki B, Bosch FX, Muñoz N, Shah KV (1993) Serologic response in human papillomavirus-associated invasive cervical cancer. Int J Cancer 55:780-784
20. 20. Alloub MI, Barr BBB, McLaren KM, Smith IW, Bunney MH, Smart GE (1989) Human papillomavirus infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in women with renal allografts. Br Med J 298:153-156
21. 21. Vermund SH, Kelley KF, Klein RS, Feingold AR, Schreiber K, Munk G, Burk RD (1991) High risk of human papillomavirus infection and cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions among women with symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection. Am J Obstet Gynecol 165:392-400
22. 22. Arends MJ, Benton EC, McLaren KM, Stark LA, Hunter JAA, Bird CC (1997) Renal allograft recipients with high susceptibility to cutaneous malignancy have an increased prevalence of human papillomavirus DNA in skin tumours and a greater risk of anogenital malignancy. Br J Cancer 75:722-728
23. 23. Palefsky JM (1997) Cutaneous and genital HPV-associated lesions in HIV-infected patients. Clin Dermatol 15:439-448
24. 24. Iwatsuki K, Tagami H, Takigawa M, Yamada M (1986) Plane warts under spontaneous regression. Immunopathologic study on cellular constituents leading to the inflammatory reaction. Arch Dermatol 122:655-659
25. 25. Coleman N, Birley HDL, Renton AM, Hanna NF, Ryait BK, Byrne M, Taylor-Robinson D, Stanley MA (1994) Immunological events in regressing genital warts. Am J Clin Pathol 102:768-774
26. 26. Tay SK, Jenkins D, Maddox P, Hogg N, Singer A (1987) Tissue macrophage response in human papillomavirus infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 94:1094-1097
27. 27. Chen L, Mizuno MT, Singhal MC, Hu SL, Galloway DA, Hellström I, Hellström KE (1992) Induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for a syngeneic tumor expressing the E6 oncoprotein of human papillomavirus type 16. J Immunol 148:2617-2621
28. 28. Feltkamp MCW, Smits HL, Vierboom MPM, Minnaar RP, de Jongh BM, Drijfhout JW, ter Schegget J, Melief CJM, Kast WM (1993) Vaccination with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitope-containing peptide protects against a tumor induced by human papillomavirus type-16-transformed cells. Eur J Immunol 23:2242-2249
29. 29. Chambers MA, Stacey SN, Arrand AR, Stanley MA (1994) Delayed-typed hypersensitivity response to human papillomavirus type 16 E6 protein in a mouse model. J Gen Virol 75:165-169
30. 30. Feltkamp MCW, Vreugdenhil GR, Vierboom RPM, Ras E, van der Burg SH, ter Schegget J, Melief CJM, Kast WM (1995) Cytotoxic T lymphocytes raised against a subdominant epitope offered as a synthetic peptide eradicate human papillomavirus type 16-induced tumors. Eur J Immunol 25:2638-2642
31. 31. Malejczyk J, Malejczyk M, Majewski S, Orth G, Jablonska S (1993) NK-cell activity in patients with HPV16-associated anogenital tumors - defective recognition of HPV16-harboring keratinocytes and restricted unresponsiveness to immunostimulatory cytokines. Int J Cancer 54:917-921
32. 32. Malejczyk J, Majewski S, Jablonska S (1997) Cellular immunity in cutaneous and genital HPV infections. Clin Dermatol 15:261-274
33. 33. Ressing ME, Sette A, Brandt RMP, Rupper J, Wentworth PA, Hartman M, Oseroff C, Grey HM, Melief CJM, Kast WM (1995) Human CTL epitopes encoded by human papillomavirus type 16 E6 and E7 identified through in vivo and in vitro immunogenicity studies of HLA-A*0201-binding peptides. J Immunol 154:5934-5943
34. 34. Borysiewicz LK, Fiander A, Nimako M, Man S, Wilkinson GWG, Westmoreland D, Evans AS, Adams M, Stacey SN, Boursnell MEG, Rutherford E, Hickling JK, Inglis SC (1996) A recombinant vaccinia virus encoding human papillomavirus types 16 and 18, E6 and E7 proteins as immunotherapy for cervical cancer. Lancet 347:1523-1527
35. 35. Alexander M, Salgaller ML, Celis E, Sette A, Barnes WA, Rosenberg SA, Steller MA (1996) Generation of tumor-specific cytolytic T lymphocytes from peripheral blood of cervical cancer patients by in vitro stimulation with a synthetic human papillomavirus type 16 E7 epitope. Am J Obstet Gynecol 175:1586-1593
36. 36. Ressing ME, van Driel WJ, Celis E, Sette A, Brandt RMP, Hartman M, Anholts JDH, Schreuder GMT, ter Harmsel WB, Fleuren GJ, Trimbos BJ, Kast WM, Melief CJM (1996) Occasional memory cytotoxic T-cell responses of patients with human papillomavirus type 16-positive cervical lesions against a human leukocyte antigen-A*0201-restricted E7-encoded epitope. Cancer Res 56:582-588
37. 37. Geisbill J, Osmers U, Dürst M (1997) Detection and characterization of human papillomavirus type 45 DNA in the cervical carcinoma cell line MS751. J Gen Virol 78:655-658
38. 38. Strang G, Hickling JK, McIndoe GAJ, Howland K, Wilkinson D, Ikeda H, Rothbard JB (1990) Human T cell responses to human papillomavirus type 16 L1 and E6 synthetic peptides: identification of T cell determinants, HLA-DR restriction and virus type specificity. J Gen Virol 71:423-431
39. 39. Altmann A, Jochmus-Kudielka I, Frank R, Gausepol H, Moebius H, Gissmann L, Meuer SC (1992) Definition of immunogenic determinants of the human papillomavirus type 16 nucleoprotein E7. Eur J Cancer 28:326-333
40. 40. Kadish AS, Romney S, Ledwidge R, Tindle R, Fernando GJP, Zee SY, van Ranst MA, Burk RD (1994) Cell-mediated immune responses to E7 peptides of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 are dependent on the HPV type infecting the cervix whereas serological reactivity is not type-specific. J Gen Virol 75:2277-2284
41. 41. de Gruijl TD, Bontkes HJ, Stukart MJ, Walboomers JMM, Remmink AJ, Verheijen RHM, Helmerhorst TJM, Meijer CJLM, Scheper RJ (1996) T cell proliferative responses against human papillomavirus type 16 E7 oncoprotein are most prominent in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia patients with a persistent viral infection. J Gen Virol 77:2183-2191
42. 42. Luxton JC, Rowe AJ, Cridland JC, Coletart T, Wilson P, Shepherd PS (1996) Proliferative T cell responses to the human papillomavirus type 16 E7 protein in women with cervical dysplasia and cervical carcinoma and in healthy individuals. J Gen Virol 77:1585-1593
43. 43. Abbas AK, Murphy KM, Sher A (1996) Functional diversity of helper T lymphocytes. Nature 383:787-793
44. 44. Lucey DR, Clerici M, Shearer GM (1996) Type 1 and type 2 cytokine dysregulation in human infectious, neoplastic, and inflammatory diseases. Clin Microbiol Rev 9:532-562
45. 45. Tsukui T, Hildesheim A, Schiffman MH, Lucci J, Contois D, Lawler P, Rush BB, Lorincz AT, Corrigan A, Burk RD, Qu WM, Marshall MA, Mann D, Carrington M, Clerici M, Shearer GM, Carbone DP, Scott DR, Houghten RA, Berzofsky JA (1996) Interleukin 2 production in vitro by peripheral lymphocytes in response to human papillomavirus-derived peptides: correlation with cervical pathology. Cancer Res 56:3967-3974
46. 46. Clerici M, Merola M, Ferrario E, Trabattoni D, Villa ML, Stefanon B, Venzon DJ, Shearer GM, De Palo G, Clerici E (1997) Cytokine production patterns in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: Association with human papillomavirus infection. J Natl Cancer Inst 89:245-250
47. 47. Wu TC, Kurman RJ (1997) Analysis of cytokine profiles in patients with human papillomavirus-associated neoplasms. J Natl Cancer Inst 89:185-187
48. 48. Majewski S, Hunzelmann N, Nischt R, Eckes B, Rudnicka L, Orth G, Krieg T, Jablonska S (1991) TGFβ-1 and TNFα expression in the epidermis of patients with epidermodysplasia verruciformis. J Invest Dermatol 97:862-867
49. 49. Malejczyk J, Malejczyk M, Urbanski A, Köck A, Jablonska S, Orth G, Lüger TA (1991) Constitutive release of IL6 by human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16)-harboring keratinocytes: A mechanism augmenting the NK-cell-mediated lysis of HPV-bearing neoplastic cells. Cell Immunol 136:155-164
50. 50. Malejczyk J, Malejczyk M, Köck A, Urban ski A, Majewski S, Hunzelmann N, Jablonska S, Orth G, Lüger TA (1992) Autocrine growth limitation of human papillomavirus type 16-harboring keratinocytes by constitutively released tumor necrosis factor-α. J Immunol 149:2702-2708
51. 51. Woodworth CD, Simpson S (1993) Comparative lymphokine secretion by cultured normal human cervical keratinocytes, papillomavirus-immortalized, and carcinoma cell lines. Am J Pathol 142:1544-1555
52. 52. Malejczyk J, Malejczyk M, Breitburd F, Majewski S, Schwarz A, Expert-Besançon N, Jablonska S, Orth G, Luger TA (1996) Progressive growth of human papillomavirus type 16-transformed keratinocytes is associated with an increased release of soluble tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor. Br J Cancer 74:234-239
53. 53. Kim J, Modlin RL, Moy RL, Dubinett SM, McHugh T, Nickoloff BJ, Uyemura K (1995) IL-10 production in cutaneous basal and squamous cell carcinomas. A mechanism for evading the local T cell immune response. J Immunol 155:2240-2247
54. 54. Duggan-Keen M, Keating PJ, Cromme FV, Walboomers JMM, Stern PL (1994) Alterations in major histocompatibility complex expression in cervical cancer: possible consequences for immunotherapy. Papillomavirus Rep 5:3-9
55. 55. Nickoloff BJ, Turka LA (1994) Immunological functions of non-professional antigen-presenting cells: new insights from studies of T-cell interactions with keratinocytes. Immunol Today 15:464-469
56. 56. Trowsdale J (1993) Genomic structure and function in the MHC. Trends Genet 9:117-122
57. 57. Germain RN (1994) MHC-dependent antigen processing and peptide presentation: providing ligands for T lymphocyte activation. Cell 76:287-299
58. 58. Ruiz-Cabello F, Klein E, Garrido F (1991) MHC antigens on human tumors. Immunol Lett 29:181-189
59. 59. Connor ME, Stern PL (1990) Loss of MHC class-I expression in cervical carcinomas. Int J Cancer 46:1029-1034
60. 60. Cromme FV, Meijer CJLM, Snijders PJE, Uyterlinde A, Kenemans P, Helmerhorst T, Stern PL, van den Brule AJC, Walboomers JMM (1993) Analysis of MHC class-I and class-II expression in relation to presence of HPV genotypes in premalignant and malignant cervical lesions. Br J Cancer 67:1372-1380
61. 61. Cromme FV, Snijders PJF, van den Brule AJC, Kenemans P, Meijer CJLM, Walboomers JMM (1993) MHC class-I expression in HPV-16 positive cervical carcinomas is post-transcriptionally controlled and independent from c-myc overexpression. Oncogene 8:2969-2975
62. 62. Glew SS, Connor ME, Snijders PJF, Stanbridge CM, Buckley CH, Walboomers JMM, Meijer CJLM, Stern PL (1993) HLA expression in pre-invasive cervical neoplasia in relation to human papilloma virus infection. Eur J Cancer 29A: 1963-1970
63. 63. Hilders CG, Houbiers JG, van Ravenswaay Claasen HH, Veldhuizen RW, Fleuren GJ (1993) Association between HLA-expression and infiltration of immune cells in cervical carcinoma. Lab Invest 69:651-659
64. 64. Torres LM, Cabrera T, Concha A, Oliva MR, Ruiz-Cabello F, Garrido F (1993) HLA class-I expression and HPV-16 sequences in premalignant and malignant lesions of the cervix. Tissue Antigens 41:65-71
65. 65. Cromme F, Airey J, Heemels M, Ploegh HL, Keating PL, Stern PL, Meijer CJLM, Walboomers JMM (1994) Loss of transporter protein, encoded by the TAP-1 gene, is highly correlated with loss of HLA expression in cervical carcinoma. J Exp Med 179:335-340
66. 66. Cromme FV, van Bommel PFJ, Walboomers JMM, Gallee MPW, Stern PL, Kenemans P, Helmerhorst TJM, Stukart MJ, Meijer CJLM (1994) Differences in MHC and TAP-1 expression in cervical cancer lymph node metastases as compared with the primary tumours. Br J Cancer 69:1176-1181
67. 67. Hilders CG, Houbiers JG, Krul EJ, Fleuren GJ (1994) The expression of histocompatibility-related leukocyte antigens in the pathway to cervical carcinoma. Am J Clin Pathol 101:5-12
68. 68. Honma S, Tsukada S, Honda S, Nakamura M, Takakuwa K, Maruhashi T, Kodama S, Kanazawa K, Takahashi T, Tanaka K (1994) Biological-clinical significance of selective loss of HLA-class-I allelic product expression in squamous-cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Int J Cancer 57:650-655
69. 69. Keating PJ, Cromme FV, Duggan-Keen M, Snijders PJF, Walboomers JMM, Hunter RD, Dyer PA, Stern PL (1995) Frequency of down-regulation of individual HLA-A and -B alleles in cervical carcinomas in relation to TAP-1 expression. Br J Cancer 72:405-411
70. 70. Duggan-Keen MF, Keating PJ, Stevens FRA, Sinnott P, Snijders PJF, Walboomers JMM, Davidson S, Hunter RD, Dyer PA, Stern PL (1996) Immunogenetic factors in HPV-associated cervical cancer: Influence on disease progression. Eur J Immunogenet 23:275-284
71. 71. Bartholomew JS, Glenville S, Sarkar S, Burt DJ, Stanley MA, Ruiz Cabello F, Jin CG, Garrido F, Stern PL (1997) Integration of high-risk human papillomavirus DNA is linked to the down-regulation of class I human leukocyte antigens by steroid hormones in cervical tumor cells. Cancer Res 57:937-942
72. 72. McFadden G, Kane K (1994) How DNA viruses perturb functional MHC expression to alter immune recognition. Adv Cancer Res 63:117-209
73. 73. Kisseljov F, Semionova L, Samoylova E, Mazurenko N, Komissarova E, Zourbitskaya V, Gritzko T, Kozachenko V, Netchushkin M, Petrov S, Smirnov A, Alonso A (1996) Instability of chromosome 6 microsatellite repeats in human cervical tumors carrying papillomavirus sequences. Int J Cancer (Predic Oncol) 69:484-487
74. 74. Mullokandov MR, Kholidilov NG, Atkin NB, Burk RD, Johnson AB, Klinger HP (1996) Genomic alterations in cervical carcinoma: losses of chromosome heterozygosity and human papilloma virus tumor status. Cancer Res 56:197-205
75. 75. Elliott T (1996) Tapping into tumours. Nature Genet 13:139-140
76. 76. Glew SS, Duggan-Keen M, Cabrera T, Stern PL (1992) HLA class II antigen expression in human papillomavirus-associated cervical cancer. Cancer Res 52:4009-4016
77. 77. Hilders CG, Ras L, van Eendenburg JD, Nooyen Y, Fleuren GJ (1994) Isolation and characterization of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from cervical carcinoma. Int J Cancer 57:805-813
78. 78. Glew SS, Duggan-Keen M, Ghosh AK, Ivinson A, Sinnott P, Davidson J, Dyer PA, Stern PL (1993) Lack of association of HLA polymorphisms with human papillomavirus-related cervical cancer. Hum Immunol 37:157-164
79. 79. Coleman N, Stanley M (1994) Analysis of HLA-DR expression on keratinocytes in cervical neoplasia. Int J Cancer 56:314-319
80. 80. Coleman N, Greenfield IM, Hare J, Kruger-Gray H, Chain BM, Stanley MA (1993) Characterization and functional analysis of the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in human papillomavirus-related disease of cervical keratinocytes. Am J Pathol 143:355-367
81. 81. Nickoloff BJ, Turka LA (1993) Keratinocytes: key immunocytes of the integument. Am J Pathol 143:325-331
82. 82. Majewski S, Breitburd F, Orth G, Jablonska S (1994) Regulation of MHC class I, class II and ICAM-1 expression by cytokines and retinoids in HPV-harboring keratinocyte lines, in Immunology of Human Papillomaviruses (Stanley MA, ed.) pp 207-211. Plenum Press, New York
83. 83. Breitburd F, Salmon J, Orth G (1997) The rabbit viral skin papillomas and carcinomas, a model for the immunogenetics of HPV-associated carcinogenesis. Clin Dermatol 15:237-248
84. 84. Rebière MC, Marche PN, LeGuern C, Kindt TJ (1987) Molecular studies of the rabbit major histocompatibility complex, in The Rabbit in Contemporary Immunological Research (Dubiski S, ed.) pp 42-64. Longman Scientific and Technical, Harlow
85. 85. Sittisombut N, Tissot RG, Knight KL (1989) Rabbit major histocompatibility complex. III. Multiple class II DR beta genes and restriction fragment length polymorphism of the class I α and β genes. J Immunogenet 16:63-75
86. 86. Chouchane L, Kindt TJ (1992) Mapping of the rabbit MHC reveals that class I genes are adjacent to the DR subregion and defines an insertion/deletion-related polymorphism in the class II region. J Immunol 149:1216-1222
87. 87. Gordon MR, Kindt TJ (1992) Rabbit immune system, in Encyclopedia of Immunology (Roitt IM, ed.) pp 1296-1298. Academic Press, London
88. 88. Shakhov AN, Kuprash DV, Azizov MM, Jongeneel CV, Nedospasov SA (1990) Structural analysis of the rabbit TNF locus, containing the genes encoding TNF-β (lymphotoxin) and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor). Gene 95:215-221
89. 89. Marche PN, Rebière MC, Laverrière A, English DW, LeGuern C, Kindt TJ (1989) Definition of rabbit class I and class II MHC gene haplotypes using molecular typing procedures. Immunogenetics 29:273-276
90. 90. Han R, Breitburd F, Marche PN, Orth G (1992) Linkage of regression and malignant conversion of rabbit viral papillomas to MHC class II genes. Nature 356:66-68
91. 91. Han R, Breitburd F, Marche PN, Orth G (1994) Analysis of the nucleotide sequence variation of the antigen-binding domain of DRα and DQα molecules as related to the evolution of papillomavirus-induced warts in rabbits. J Invest Dermatol 103:376-380
92. 92. Salmon J, Ramoz N, Cassonnet P, Orth G, Breitburd F (1997) A cottontail rabbit papillomavirus strain (CRPVb)with strikingly divergent E6 and E7 oncoproteins: an insight in the evolution of papillomaviruses. Virology in press.
93. 93. Wank R, Thomssen C (1991) High risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix for women with HLA-DQw3. Nature 352:723-725
94. 94. David ALM, Taylor GM, Gokhall DA, Aplin JD, Seif MW, Tindall VR (1992) HLA-DQB1*03 and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia type III. Lancet 340:52
95. 95. Helland A, Borresen AL, Kaern J, Ronningen KS, Thorsby E (1992) HLA antigens and cervical carcinoma. Nature 356:23
96. 96. Vandenvelde C, De Foor M, van Beers D (1993) HLA-DOB1*03 and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades I-III. Lancet 341:442
97. 97. Wank R, ter Meulen J, Luande J, Eberhardt H-C, Pawlita M (1993) Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, cervical carcinoma, and risk for patients with HLA-DQB1*0602, *301, *0303 alleles. Lancet 341:1215
98. 98. Apple RJ, Erlich HA, Klitz W, Manos MM, Becker TM, Wheeler CM (1994) HLA DR-DQ associations with cervical carcinoma show papillomavirus-type specificity. Nature Genet 6:157-162
99. 99. Gregoire L, Lawrence WD, Kukuruga D, Eisenbrey AB, Lancaster WD (1994) Association between HLA-DQB1 alleles and risk for cervical cancer in African-American women. Int J Cancer 57:504-507
100. 100. Helland Å, Børresen A-L, Kristensen G, Rønningen KS (1994) DQA1 and DQB1 genes in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix: relationship to human papillomavirus infection and prognosis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 3:479-486
101. 101. Mehal WZ, Lo Y-MD, Herrington CS, Evans MF, Papadopoulos MC, Odunsi K, Ganesan TS, McGee JO, Bell JI, Fleming KA (1994) Role of human papillomavirus in determining the HLA associated risk of cervical carcinogenesis. J Clin Pathol 47:1077-1081
102. 102. Apple RJ, Becker TM, Wheeler CM, Erlich HA (1995) Comparison of human leukocyte antigen DR-DQ disease associations found with cervical dysplasia and invasive cervical carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 87:427-436
103. 103. Nawa A, Nishiyama Y, Kobayashi T, Wakahara Y, Okamoto T, Kikkawa F, Suganuma N, Goto S, Kuzuya K, Tomoda Y (1995) Association of human leukocyte antigen-B1*03 with cervical cancer in Japanese women aged 35 years and younger. Cancer 75:518-521
104. 104. Odunsi K, Terry G, Ho L, Bell J, Cuzick J, Ganesan TS (1995) Association between HLA DQB1*03 and cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia. Mol Med 1:161-171
105. 105. Allen M, Kalantari M, Ylitalo N, Pettersson B, Hagmar B, Scheibenpflug L, Johansson B, Petterson U, Gyllensten U (1996) HLA DQ-DR haplotype and susceptibility to cervical carcinoma: indications of increased risk for development of cervical carcinoma in individuals infected with HPV 18. Tissue Antigens 48:32-37
106. 106. Odunsi K, Terry G, Ho L, Bell J, Cuzick J, Ganesan TS (1996) Susceptibility to human papillomavirus-associated cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia is determined by specific HLA DR-DQ alleles. Int J Cancer 67:595-602
107. 107. Sanjeevi CB, Hjelmström P, Hallmans G, Wiklund F, Lenner P, Angstrom T, Dillner J, Lernmark A (1996) Different HLA-DR-DQ haplotypes are associated with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia among human papillomavirus type-16 seropositive and seronegative Swedish women. Int J Cancer 68:409-414
108. 108. Sastre-Garau X, Loste M-N, Vincent-Salomon A, Favre M, Mouret E, de la Rochefordière A, Durand J-C, Tartour E, Lepage V, Charron D (1996) Decreased frequency of HLA-DRB1*13 alleles in Frenchwomen with HPV-positive carcinoma of the cervix. Int J Cancer 69:159-164
109. 109. Davies DH, Stauss HJ (1997) The significance of human leukocyte antigen associations with cervical cancer. Papillomavirus Rep 8:43-50
110. 110. Ellis JRM, Keating PJ, Baird J, Hounsell EF, Renouf DV, Rowe M, Hopkins D, Duggan-Keen MF, Bartholomew JS, Young LS, Stern PL (1995) The association of HPV16 oncogene variant with HLA-B7 has implication for vaccine design in cervical cancer. Nat Med 1:464-470
111. 111. McKusick VA (1990) Epidermodysplasia verruciformis, in Mendelian Inheritance in Man. Catalogs of Autosomal Dominant, Recessive, and X-linked Phenotypes (McKusick VA, Francomano CA, Antonarakis SE, eds) pp 1164. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore
112. 112. Androphy EJ, Dvoretzky I, Lowy DR (1985) X-linked inheritance of epidermodysplasia verruciformis: Genetic and virologic studies of a kindred. Arch Dermatol 121:864-868
113. 113. Ramoz N, Buée B, Jablonska S, Rueda L-A, Blanchet-Bardon C, Orth G, Favre M (1997) Specific HLA DR-DQ haplotypes linked to epidermodysplasia verruciformis. Submitted for publication
114. 114. Cooper KD, Androphy EJ, Lowy D, Katz SI (1990) Antigen presentation and T-cell activation in epidermodysplasia verruciformis. J Invest Dermatol 94:769-776
115. 115. Majewski S, Malejczyk J, Jablonska S, Misiewicz J, Rudnicka L, Obalek S, Orth G (1990) Natural cell-mediated cytotoxicity against various target cells in patients with epidermodysplasia verruciformis. J Am Acad Dermatol 22:423-427
116. 116. Lock CB, McDevitt HO (1992) MHC, disease associations, in Encyclopedia of Immunology (Roitt IM, ed.) pp 1050-1055. Academic Press, London
117. 117. Gorga JC, Monos D (1996) HLA and disease: molecular basis, in MHC Molecules: Expression, Assembly and Function (Urban RG, Chicz RM, eds) pp 135-162. R G Landes Co. Georgetown
118. 118. Kisielow P, von Boehmer H (1995) Development and selection of T cells: facts and puzzles. Adv Immunol 58:87-209
119. 119. Kersh JG, Allen TM (1996) Essential flexibility in the T-cell recognition of antigen. Nature 380:495-498
120. 120. Sloan-Lancaster J, Allen PM (1996) Altered peptide ligand-induced partial T cell activation: molecular mechanisms and role in T cell biology. Annu Rev Immunol 14:1-27