메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 53, Issue 17, 1996, Pages 2525-2545

The simulation of a convective cloud in a 3D model with explicit microphysics. Part II: Dynamical and microphysical aspects of cloud merger

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

3D MODEL; CLOUD MERGER; CLOUD MICROPHYSICS; CONVECTIVE CLOUD;

EID: 0030415009     PISSN: 00224928     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0469(1996)053<2525:TSOACC>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (20)

References (41)
  • 1
    • 54049142225 scopus 로고
    • Doppler radar characteristics of precipitation at vertical incidence
    • Atlas, D., R. C. Srivastava, and R. S. Sekhon, 1973: Doppler radar characteristics of precipitation at vertical incidence. Rev. Geophys. Space Phys., 11, 1-35.
    • (1973) Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. , vol.11 , pp. 1-35
    • Atlas, D.1    Srivastava, R.C.2    Sekhon, R.S.3
  • 2
    • 0000938674 scopus 로고
    • Oklahoma thunderstorms on 29-30 April 1970. Part II: Radar-observed merger of twin hook echoes
    • Barnes, S. L., 1978: Oklahoma thunderstorms on 29-30 April 1970. Part II: Radar-observed merger of twin hook echoes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 106, 685-696.
    • (1978) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.106 , pp. 685-696
    • Barnes, S.L.1
  • 4
    • 0020380041 scopus 로고
    • Convective cloud merging and its effect on rainfall
    • Bennetts, D. A., M. J. Bader, and R. H. Maries, 1982: Convective cloud merging and its effect on rainfall. Nature, 300, 42-45.
    • (1982) Nature , vol.300 , pp. 42-45
    • Bennetts, D.A.1    Bader, M.J.2    Maries, R.H.3
  • 5
    • 0000107970 scopus 로고
    • Cloud droplet growth by collection
    • Berry, E. X., 1967: Cloud droplet growth by collection. J. Atmos. Sci., 24, 688-701.
    • (1967) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.24 , pp. 688-701
    • Berry, E.X.1
  • 6
    • 0000563725 scopus 로고
    • An analysis of cloud drop growth by collection. Part I: Double distributions
    • _, and R. L. Reinhardt, 1974: An analysis of cloud drop growth by collection. Part I: Double distributions. J. Atmos. Sci., 31, 1814-1824.
    • (1974) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.31 , pp. 1814-1824
    • Reinhardt, R.L.1
  • 8
    • 0019166748 scopus 로고
    • Effects of mesoscale convergence on cloud convection
    • Chen, C. H., and H. D. Orville, 1980: Effects of mesoscale convergence on cloud convection. J. Appl. Meteor., 19, 256-274.
    • (1980) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.19 , pp. 256-274
    • Chen, C.H.1    Orville, H.D.2
  • 9
    • 0003961209 scopus 로고
    • Numerical modeling of the dynamics and microphysics of warm cumulus convection
    • Clark, T. L., 1973: Numerical modeling of the dynamics and microphysics of warm cumulus convection. J. Atmos. Sci., 30, 857-878.
    • (1973) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.30 , pp. 857-878
    • Clark, T.L.1
  • 10
    • 0020345474 scopus 로고
    • The diurnal interaction between convection and peninsular-scale forcing over south Florida
    • Cooper, H. J., M. Garstang, and J. Simpson, 1982: The diurnal interaction between convection and peninsular-scale forcing over south Florida. Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 486-503.
    • (1982) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.110 , pp. 486-503
    • Cooper, H.J.1    Garstang, M.2    Simpson, J.3
  • 11
    • 0014743525 scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of hailstorms of western South Dakota
    • Dennis, A. S., C. A. Schock, and A. Koscielski, 1970: Characteristics of hailstorms of western South Dakota. J. Appl. Meteor., 9, 127-135.
    • (1970) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.9 , pp. 127-135
    • Dennis, A.S.1    Schock, C.A.2    Koscielski, A.3
  • 12
    • 0019147457 scopus 로고
    • Hail growth mechanisms in a Colorado storm. Part II: Hail formation processes
    • Heymsfield, A. J., A. R. Jameson, and H. W. Frank, 1980: Hail growth mechanisms in a Colorado storm. Part II: Hail formation processes. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 1779-1807.
    • (1980) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.37 , pp. 1779-1807
    • Heymsfield, A.J.1    Jameson, A.R.2    Frank, H.W.3
  • 13
    • 0001297126 scopus 로고
    • Factors controlling the size and spacing of cumulus clouds as revealed by numerical experiments
    • Hill, G. E., 1974: Factors controlling the size and spacing of cumulus clouds as revealed by numerical experiments. J. Atmos. Sci., 31, 646-673.
    • (1974) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.31 , pp. 646-673
    • Hill, G.E.1
  • 14
    • 0019141914 scopus 로고
    • Tornado formation from downdraft interaction in the FACE mesonetwork
    • Holle, R. L., and M. W. Maier, 1980: Tornado formation from downdraft interaction in the FACE mesonetwork. Mon. Wea. Rev., 108, 1010-1028.
    • (1980) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.108 , pp. 1010-1028
    • Holle, R.L.1    Maier, M.W.2
  • 15
    • 0020332032 scopus 로고
    • The role of giant and ultragiant aerosol particles in warm rain initiation
    • Johnson, D. B., 1982: The role of giant and ultragiant aerosol particles in warm rain initiation. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 448-460.
    • (1982) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.39 , pp. 448-460
    • Johnson, D.B.1
  • 16
    • 0344335272 scopus 로고
    • A three-dimensional numerical model of a liquid-drop cumulus cloud that takes account of microphysical processes
    • Kogan, Y. L., 1978: A three-dimensional numerical model of a liquid-drop cumulus cloud that takes account of microphysical processes, Izv. Akad. Sci. USSR, Atmos. Oceanic Phys., 14, 617-623.
    • (1978) Izv. Akad. Sci. USSR, Atmos. Oceanic Phys. , vol.14 , pp. 617-623
    • Kogan, Y.L.1
  • 17
    • 0026281851 scopus 로고
    • The simulation of a convective cloud in a 3-D model with explicit microphysics. Part 1: Model description and sensitivity experiments
    • _, 1991: The simulation of a convective cloud in a 3-D model with explicit microphysics. Part 1: Model description and sensitivity experiments. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 1160-1189.
    • (1991) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.48 , pp. 1160-1189
  • 18
    • 0027833559 scopus 로고
    • Drop size separation in numerically simulated convective clouds and its effect on warm rain formation
    • _, 1993: Drop size separation in numerically simulated convective clouds and its effect on warm rain formation. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 1238-1253.
    • (1993) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.50 , pp. 1238-1253
  • 19
    • 0016943656 scopus 로고
    • The flanking line, a severe thunderstorm intensification source
    • Lemon, L. R., 1976: The flanking line, a severe thunderstorm intensification source. J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 686-694.
    • (1976) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.33 , pp. 686-694
    • Lemon, L.R.1
  • 20
    • 0001043022 scopus 로고
    • On numerical simulation of buoyant convection
    • Lilly, D. K., 1962: On numerical simulation of buoyant convection. Tellus, 14, 148-172.
    • (1962) Tellus , vol.14 , pp. 148-172
    • Lilly, D.K.1
  • 21
    • 0000200886 scopus 로고
    • Internal structure and development processes of c-scale aggregates of cumulus clouds
    • Lopez, R. E., 1978: Internal structure and development processes of c-scale aggregates of cumulus clouds. Mon. Wea. Rev., 106, 1488-1494.
    • (1978) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.106 , pp. 1488-1494
    • Lopez, R.E.1
  • 22
    • 0026307866 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of three-peak raindrop size distributions in one-dimensional shaft models. Part II: Multiple pulse rain
    • McFarquhar, G. M., and R. List, 1991: The evolution of three-peak raindrop size distributions in one-dimensional shaft models. Part II: Multiple pulse rain. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 1587-1595.
    • (1991) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.48 , pp. 1587-1595
    • McFarquhar, G.M.1    List, R.2
  • 23
    • 6044257262 scopus 로고
    • On the interaction between cumulus clouds and the larger scale environment
    • Ogura, Y., 1975: On the interaction between cumulus clouds and the larger scale environment. Pure Appl. Geophys., 113, 869-889.
    • (1975) Pure Appl. Geophys. , vol.113 , pp. 869-889
    • Ogura, Y.1
  • 24
    • 0018728906 scopus 로고
    • On the formation of organized convective systems observed over the eastern Atlantic
    • _, Y.-L. Chen, J. Russell, and S.-T. Soong, 1979: On the formation of organized convective systems observed over the eastern Atlantic. Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 426-441.
    • (1979) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.107 , pp. 426-441
    • Chen, Y.-L.1    Russell, J.2    Soong, S.-T.3
  • 26
    • 38149148047 scopus 로고
    • On vortex formation in multicell convective clouds in a shear-free environment
    • Shapiro, A., and Y. L. Kogan, 1994: On vortex formation in multicell convective clouds in a shear-free environment. Atmos. Res., 33, 125-136.
    • (1994) Atmos. Res. , vol.33 , pp. 125-136
    • Shapiro, A.1    Kogan, Y.L.2
  • 27
    • 0002542471 scopus 로고
    • Seeding cumulus in Florida: New 1970 results
    • Simpson, J., and W. L. Woodley, 1971: Seeding cumulus in Florida: New 1970 results. Science, 172, 117-126.
    • (1971) Science , vol.172 , pp. 117-126
    • Simpson, J.1    Woodley, W.L.2
  • 30
    • 0001957739 scopus 로고
    • General circulation experiments with the primitive equations: 1. The basic experiment
    • Smagorinski, J., 1963: General circulation experiments with the primitive equations: 1. The basic experiment. Mon. Wea. Rev., 91, 99-164.
    • (1963) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.91 , pp. 99-164
    • Smagorinski, J.1
  • 31
    • 0020918558 scopus 로고
    • A simple positive definite advection scheme with small implicit diffusion
    • Smolarkiewicz, P. K., 1983: A simple positive definite advection scheme with small implicit diffusion. Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 479-486.
    • (1983) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.111 , pp. 479-486
    • Smolarkiewicz, P.K.1
  • 32
    • 0000989968 scopus 로고
    • Numerical simulation of warm rain development in an axisymmetric cloud model
    • Soong, S., 1974: Numerical simulation of warm rain development in an axisymmetric cloud model. J. Atmos. Sci., 31, 1262-1285.
    • (1974) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.31 , pp. 1262-1285
    • Soong, S.1
  • 33
    • 0021638954 scopus 로고
    • Cloud interactions and merging: Numerical simulations
    • Tao, W.-K., and J. Simpson, 1984: Cloud interactions and merging: Numerical simulations. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 2901-2917.
    • (1984) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.41 , pp. 2901-2917
    • Tao, W.-K.1    Simpson, J.2
  • 34
    • 0024907687 scopus 로고
    • A further study of cumulus interactions and mergers: Three-dimensional simulations with trajectory analyses
    • _, and _, 1989: A further study of cumulus interactions and mergers: Three-dimensional simulations with trajectory analyses. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 2974-3004.
    • (1989) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.46 , pp. 2974-3004
  • 35
    • 0020434902 scopus 로고
    • Cloud interactions and merging on day 261 of GATE
    • Turpeinen, O., 1982: Cloud interactions and merging on day 261 of GATE. Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 1238-1254.
    • (1982) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.110 , pp. 1238-1254
    • Turpeinen, O.1
  • 36
    • 0019746506 scopus 로고
    • Comparisons of results from a three-dimensional cloud model with statistics of radar echoes on day 261 of GATE
    • _, and M. K. Yau, 1981: Comparisons of results from a three-dimensional cloud model with statistics of radar echoes on day 261 of GATE. Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 1495-1511.
    • (1981) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.109 , pp. 1495-1511
    • Yau, M.K.1
  • 38
    • 0021579861 scopus 로고
    • A historical perspective on cloud mergers
    • _, 1984: A historical perspective on cloud mergers. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 65, 219-226.
    • (1984) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.65 , pp. 219-226
  • 39
    • 0028552432 scopus 로고
    • Merging of convective clouds: Cloud initiation, bridging, and subsequent growth
    • _, 1994: Merging of convective clouds: Cloud initiation, bridging, and subsequent growth. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 780-790.
    • (1994) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.122 , pp. 780-790
  • 40
    • 0016973589 scopus 로고
    • Numerical simulation of lateral interactions between buoyant clouds
    • Wilkins, E. M., Y. K. Sasaki, G. E. Gerber, and W. H. Chaplin Jr., 1976: Numerical simulation of lateral interactions between buoyant clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 1321-1329.
    • (1976) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.33 , pp. 1321-1329
    • Wilkins, E.M.1    Sasaki, Y.K.2    Gerber, G.E.3    Chaplin Jr., W.H.4
  • 41
    • 0026484744 scopus 로고
    • Density currents in shear flows - A two-fluid model
    • Xu, Q., 1992: Density currents in shear flows - A two-fluid model. J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 511-524.
    • (1992) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.49 , pp. 511-524
    • Xu, Q.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.