Air wars: Competition and control in India's electronic media

Contemporary South Asia

Volumn 5, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 289-302

  Crawley, William ^a,b,c  

^a BBC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF DELHI   (India)

^c UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BROADCASTING; MEDIA CONTROL; RADIO; TELEVISION;

INDIA;

EID: 0030390438     PISSN: 09584935     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09584939608719797     Document Type: Article

References (17)

1. Earlier versions of this paper were read to the seminar on Contemporary South Asia at Queen Elizabeth House, Oxford in January 1995, and at the conference of the British Association of South Asian Scholars (BASAS) at Luton in September 1995. I am grateful to Nandini Gooptu, who invited me to give the paper in Oxford, and for comments by participants and others who read it. Research and interviews were carried out in Calcutta, Delhi, Bombay and Madras in November-December 1994, and in Madras and Delhi in April-May 1996. I am grateful especially to K. K. Sharma, Madhu Jain, Amit Agarwal and Mira Mozoomdar for assistance in getting updated information.
2. Subhamoy Chatterjee from Calcutta, in Hindustan Times, 17 December 1994.
3. Proceedings of Symposium; Centre for Media Studies, Delhi, February 1994.
4. P. N. Haksar, 'Foreign media is invasion by other means', from Man and Development; reprinted in The Asian Age, 10 January 1995.
5. P. N. Haksar, 'Foreign media is invasion by other means', from Man and Development; reprinted in The Asian Age, 10 January 1995.
6. 'Violence and vulgarity in mass media', Proceedings of National Symposium by the Centre for Media Studies, New Delhi, 22 September 1994.
7. Head of Research, Doordarshan; Interview 30 April 1996.
8. Harish Khanna, Indo-British Review, Vol XX, No 2, 1995, p 180.
9. Interview, R. Basu, New Delhi, December 1994.
10. Interview, Bhaskar Ghose, New Delhi, December 1994.
11. Economic Times, 29 November 1994.
12. Interview, Chairman Calcutta Cable Operators Association, November 1994.
13. Interview, Lt Col V. C. Khare, General Manager, Shyam Communication Systems, Delhi, December, 1994.
14. For example, VSAT, which is tightly restricted for private companies, though the State Bank of India had access to 30 VSAT facilities which lay unused for several years.
15. V. C. Khare, 'Cable TV scenario in India, paper presented to the 'BCS India 1993' Conference, New Delhi, 25-28 October 1993 (Broadcasting Engineering Society (India) Conference Publication, pp 301-306); also Khare Interview, December 1994.
16. Zee TV is jointly owned by the Hong Kong-based Indian company, Asia Today Ltd., which in turn is owned by Zee Telefilms (50%) and Rupert Murdoch's Newscorp (50%) - the owners of Star TV.
17. Bhavdeep Kang points to wide discrepancies between figures provided to advertisers and broadcasters, in Broadcast, 7 June 1996.