The influence of top management team heterogeneity on firms' competitive moves

Administrative Science Quarterly

Volumn 41, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 659-684

  Hambrick, Donald C ^a   Cho, Theresa Seung ^a   Chen, Ming Jer ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0030366196     PISSN: 00018392     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/2393871     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. Ancona, Deborah G., and David F. Caldwell 1992 "Bridging the boundary: External activity and performance in organizational teams." Administrative Science Quarterly, 37: 634-665.
2. Bantel, Karen, and Susan E. Jackson 1989 "Top management and innovations in banking: Does the composition of the top team make a difference?" Strategic Management Journal, 10: 107-124.
3. Barbosa, Ricardo R. 1985 "Innovation in a mature industry." Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Columbia University.
4. Chaganti, Rajeswararao, and Rakesh Sambharya 1987 "Strategic orientation and characteristics of upper management." Strategic Management Journal, 8: 393-401.
5. Chen, Ming-Jer, and Donald C. Hambrick 1995 "Speed, stealth, and selective attack: How small firms differ from large firms in competitive behavior." Academy of Management Journal, 38: 453-482.
6. Chen, Ming-Jer, and Ian C. MacMillan 1992 "Nonresponse and delayed response to competitive moves: The roles of competitor dependence and action irreversibility." Academy of Management Journal, 35: 359-370.
7. Chen, Ming-Jer, Ken G. Smith, and Curtis M. Grimm 1992 "Action characteristics as predictors of competitive responses." Management Science, 38: 439-455.
8. Cyert, Richard M., and James G. March 1963 A Behavioral Theory of the Firm. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
9. D'Aveni, Richard A. 1994 Hypercompetition. New York: Free Press.
10. Eisenhardt, Kathleen M. 1989 "Speed and strategic choice: How managers accelerate decision making." California Management Review, 32: 533-576.
11. Eisenhardt, Kathleen M., and L. J. Bourgeois, III 1988 "Politics of strategic decision making in high velocity environments: Toward a mid-range theory." Academy of Management Journal, 31: 737-770.
12. Eisenhardt, Kathleen M., and Claudia B. Schoonhoven 1990 "Organizational growth: Linking founding team, strategy, environment, and growth among U.S. semi-conductor ventures, 1978-1988." Administrative Science Quarterly, 35: 504-529.
13. Finkelstein, Sydney, and Donald C. Hambrick 1990 "Top management team tenure and organizational outcomes: The moderating role of managerial discretion." Administrative Science Quarterly, 35: 484-503.
14. Fredrickson, James W., and Anthony L. Iaquinto 1989 "Inertia and creeping rationality in strategic decision processes." Academy of Management Journal, 32: 516-542.
15. Gersick, Connie J. G. 1989 "Marking time: Predictable transitions in task groups." Academy of Management Journal, 32: 274-309.
16. Ghemawat, Pankaj 1991 Commitment: The Dynamic of Strategy. New York: Wiley.
17. Grimm, Curtis M., and Ken G. Smith 1991 "Management and organizational change: A note on the railroad industry." Strategic Management Journal, 12: 557-562.
18. Hambrick, Donald C. 1994 "Top management groups: A conceptual integration and reconsideration of the 'team' label." In B. M. Staw and L. L. Cummings (eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior, 16: 171-214. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
19. Hambrick, Donald C., Ian C. Mac-Millan, and Diana L. Day 1982 "Strategic attributes and performance in the BCG matrix - A PIMS-based analysis of industrial product businesses." Academy of Management Journal, 25: 510-531.
20. Hambrick, Donald C., and Phyllis A. Mason 1984 "Upper echelon: The organization as a reflection of its top managers." Academy of Management Review, 9: 193-206.
21. Harrigan, Katherine R. 1982 "Exit decisions in mature industries." Academy of Management Journal, 25: 707-732.
22. Hoffman, L. Richard, and Norman R. F. Maier 1961 "Quality and acceptance of problem solutions by members of homogeneous and heterogeneous groups." Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 62: 401-407.
23. Jacobson, Robert 1992 "The 'Austrian' school of strategy." Academy of Management Review, 17: 782-807.
24. Jackson, Susan E. 1992 "Consequences of group composition for the interpersonal dynamics of strategic issue processing. In P. Shrivastava, A. Huff, and J. Dutton (eds.), Advances in Strategic Management, 8: 345-382. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
25. Jackson, Susan E., Joan F. Brett, Valerie I. Sessa, Dawn M. Cooper, J. A. Julin, and K. Peyronnin 1991 "Some differences make a difference: Individual dissimilarity and group heterogeneity as correlates of recruitment, promotions, and turnover." Journal of Applied Psychology, 76: 675-689.
26. Janis, Irving L. 1972 Victims of Groupthink. Boston: Houghton-Mifflin.
27. Jauch, Lawrence R., Richard N. Osborn, and Thomas N. Martin 1980 "Structured content analysis of cases: A complementary method for organizational research." Academy of Management Review, 5: 517-526.
28. Kmenta, Jan 1986 Elements of Econometrics, 2nd ed. New York: Macmillan.
29. Labich, Kenneth 1990 "American takes on the world." Fortune, 122: 40-48.
30. Levine, Michael E. 1987 "Airline competition in deregulated markets: Theory, firm strategy and public policy." Yale Journal on Regulation, 4: 393-494.
31. MacMillan, Ian C. 1982 "Seizing competitive initiative." Journal of Business Strategy, 2: 43-57.
32. MacMillan, Ian C., Mary L. McCaffery, and Gilles Van Wijk 1985 "Competitors' responses to easily imitated new products - Exploring commercial banking product introductions." Strategic Management Journal, 6: 75-86.
33. March, James G., and Herbert A. Simon 1958 Organizations. New York: Wiley.
34. Michel, John G., and Donald C. Hambrick 1992 "Diversification posture and top management characteristics." Academy of Management Journal, 35: 9-37.
35. Miller, Danny, and Ming-Jer Chen 1994 "Sources and consequences of competitive inertia: A study of the U.S. airline industry." Administrative Science Quarterly, 39: 1-23. 1996a "The simplicity of competitive repertoires: An empirical analysis." Strategic Management Journal, 17: 419-439. 1996b "Nonconformity in competitive repertoires: A sociological view of markets." Social Forces, 74: 1209-1234.
36. Miller, Danny, and Ming-Jer Chen 1994 "Sources and consequences of competitive inertia: A study of the U.S. airline industry." Administrative Science Quarterly, 39: 1-23. 1996a "The simplicity of competitive repertoires: An empirical analysis." Strategic Management Journal, 17: 419-439. 1996b "Nonconformity in competitive repertoires: A sociological view of markets." Social Forces, 74: 1209-1234.
37. Miller, Danny, and Ming-Jer Chen 1994 "Sources and consequences of competitive inertia: A study of the U.S. airline industry." Administrative Science Quarterly, 39: 1-23. 1996a "The simplicity of competitive repertoires: An empirical analysis." Strategic Management Journal, 17: 419-439. 1996b "Nonconformity in competitive repertoires: A sociological view of markets." Social Forces, 74: 1209-1234.
38. Miller, Danny, and Peter H. Friesen 1977 "Strategy-making in context: Ten empirical archetypes." Journal of Management Studies, 14: 253-280.
39. Mintzberg, Henry, Duru Raisinghani, and André Théorêt 1976 "The structure of 'unstructured' decision processes." Administrative Science Quarterly, 21: 246-275.
40. Mischel, Walter 1968 Personality and Assessment. New York: Wiley. 1977 "The interaction of person and situation." In D. Magnusson and N. S. Endler (eds.), Personality at the Crossroads: Current Issues in Interactional Psychology. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
41. Mischel, Walter 1968 Personality and Assessment. New York: Wiley. 1977 "The interaction of person and situation." In D. Magnusson and N. S. Endler (eds.), Personality at the Crossroads: Current Issues in Interactional Psychology. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
42. Murray, Alan I. 1989 "Top management group heterogeneity and firm performance." Strategic Management Journal, 10: 125-141.
43. O'Reilly, Charles A., III, David F. Caldwell, and William P. Barnett 1989 "Work group demography, social integration, and turnover." Administrative Science Quarterly, 34: 21-37.
44. O'Reilly, Charles A., III, and Sylvia Flatt 1989 "Executive team demography, organizational innovation, and firm performance." Working paper, University of California, Berkeley.
45. O'Reilly, Charles A., III, Richard C. Snyder, and Joan N. Boothe 1993 "Executive team demography and organizational change." In G. P. Huber and W. H. Glick (eds.), Organizational Change and Redesign: 147-175. New York: Oxford University Press.
46. Pindyck, Robert S., and Daniel L. Rubinfeld 1991 Econometric Models and Economic Forecasts. New York: McGraw-Hill.
47. Porter, Michael E. 1980 Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors. New York: Free Press.
48. Prescott, John E., and Daniel C. Smith 1987 "A project-based approach to competitive analysis." Strategic Management Journal, 8: 411-423.
49. Pugh, S. Douglas, and David J. Hickson 1972 "Causal inference and the Aston studies." Administrative Science Quarterly, 17: 273-276.
50. Schumpeter, Joseph A. 1950 Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy, 3rd ed. New York: Harper.
51. Smart, John C., and Ernest T. Pascarella 1986 "Self-concept development and educational degree attainment." Higher Education, 15: 3-15.
52. Smith, Ken G., and Curtis M. Grimm 1991 "A communication-information model of competitive response timing." Journal of Management, 17: 5-23.
53. Smith, Ken G., Curtis M. Grimm, and Martin J. Gannon 1992 Dynamics of Competitive Strategy. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
54. Smith, Ken G., Curtis M. Grimm, Martin J. Gannon, and Ming-Jer Chen 1991 "Organizational information processing, competitive responses, and performance in the U.S. domestic airline industry." Academy of Management Journal, 34: 60-85.
55. Smith, Ken G., Ken A. Smith, J. D. Olian, and H. P. Sims, Jr. 1994 "Top management team demography and process: The role of social integration and communication." Administrative Science Quarterly, 39: 412-438.
56. Spender, J. C. 1989 Industry Recipes: The Nature and Source of Managerial Judgment. Cambridge: Basil Blackwell.
57. Stalk, George, Jr. 1988 "Time - The next source of competitive advantage." Harvard Business Review, 88: 41-51.
58. Steiner, Ivan D. 1972 Group Process and Productivity. New York: Academic Press.
59. Thomas, Anisya S., Robert J. Litschert, and Kannan Ramaswamy 1991 "The performance impact of strategy-manager coalignment: An empirical examination." Strategic Management Journal, 12: 509-522.
60. Virany, Beverly, Michael Tushman, and Elaine Romanelli 1992 "Executive succession and organization outcomes in turbulent environments: An organization learning approach." Organization Science, 3: 72-91.
61. Wagner, W. Gary, Jeffrey Pfeffer, and Charles A. O'Reilly, III. 1984 "Organizational demography and turnover in top-management groups." Administrative Science Quarterly, 29: 74-92.
62. Walsh, James P. 1988 "Top management turnover following mergers and acquisitions." Strategic Management Journal, 9: 173-183.
63. Wiersema, Margarethe F., and Karen A. Bantel 1992 "Top management team demography and corporate strategic change." Academy of Management Journal, 35: 91-121.
64. Zenger, Todd R., and Barbara S. Lawrence 1989 "Organizational demography: The differential effects of age and tenure distributions on technical communication." Academy of Management Journal, 32: 353-376.