The juvenile court and delinquency cases

Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved

Volumn 7, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 53-63

  Snyder, Howard N ^a  

^a Natl Ctr for Juven Justice (the Res Div of the Natl Cncl of Juvenile and Family Court Judges)   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; CHILD; CRIMINAL LAW; ETHNOLOGY; FEMALE; HUMAN; JUVENILE DELINQUENCY; LEGAL ASPECT; MALE; METHODOLOGY; UNITED STATES;

ADOLESCENT; CHILD; CRIMINAL LAW; FEMALE; HUMANS; JUVENILE DELINQUENCY; MALE; UNITED STATES;

EID: 0030340005     PISSN: 10492089     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Shannon, L. Career criminal continuity. New York: Human Services Press, 1988.
2. Elliott, D., Huizinga, D., and Morse, B. Self-reported violent offending: A descriptive analysis of juvenile violent offenders and their offending careers. Journal of Interpersonal Violence (1986) 1:472-514.
3. Wolfgang, M., Thornberry, T., and Figlio, R. From boy to man, from delinquency to crime. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987.
4. Blumstein, A., Roth, J., and Cohen, J., eds. Criminal careers and career criminals. Vol. 1. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1986.
5. Tracy, P., Wolfgang, M., and Figlio, R. Delinquency in two birth cohorts. New York: Plenum, 1990.
6. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Crime in the United States 1993. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1994.
7. Butts, J., Snyder, H., Finnegan, T., et al. Juvenile court statistics 1993. Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, 1995. All of the juvenile court statistics presented in this chapter were derived from Juvenile court statistics 1993 or special analyses of the data files developed to produce this report.
8. Ajuvenile is a legal classification defined by state statute. During 1993, in 38 states and the District of Columbia, young persons were under the original jurisdiction of a juvenile court up to their 18th birthdays. In 3 states (Connecticut, New York, and North Carolina), the juvenile courts lost original jurisdiction when the youths turned 16 years of age. In the other 9 States, the juvenile court's original jurisdiction ended at age 17.
9. At first glance, the relatively small proportions of 16- and 17-year-olds seem to be in contradiction to the arrest data which show that the number of arrests increases substantially with age group throughout the juvenile years. Remember that 15-year-olds are under a juvenile court's jurisdiction in all states, while some states exclude all of the 17-year-olds from juvenile court jurisdiction, and a few also exclude 16-year-olds. If all states placed all 16- and 17-year-olds under juvenile court jurisdiction, the proportion of delinquency cases involving 16-year-olds would be substantially above the 15-year-old proportion, and the 17-year-old proportion would be even greater.
10. In the U.S. population during this time period, 80% of juveniles were white, 15% were black, and 5% were other races.
11. State variations in transfer options are documented in Sickmund, M. How juveniles get to criminal court. OJJDP Update on Statistics. Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, 1994.
12. Szymanski, L. Extended age of juvenile court jurisdiction. Pittsburgh, PA: National Center for Juvenile Justice, 1995.
13. Snyder, H., and Sickmund, M. Juvenile offenders and victims: A national report. Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, 1995.
14. See note no. 6, Federal Bureau of Investigation, for figures related to overrepresentation.
15. Pope, C., and Feyerherm, W. Minorities and the juvenile justice system. Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, 1991;
16. Pope, C., and Feyerherm, W. Minority status and juvenile justice processing. Criminal Justice Abstracts (1990) 22,2:327-35 [Part I]
17. and Pope, C., and Feyerherm, W. Criminal Justice Abstracts 22,3:527-42 [Part II].
18. Snyder, H. Court careers of juvenile offenders. Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, 1988.
19. Klein, M. Offence specialization and versatility among juveniles. British Journal of Criminology (1984) 24:185-94;
20. Farrington, D., Snyder, H., and Finnegan, T. Specialization in juvenile court careers. Criminology (1988) 26:461-87.
21. Loeber, R., and Snyder, H. Rate of offending in juvenile careers: Findings of constancy and change in lambda. Criminology (1990) 28:97-109.
22. Wilson, J., and Howell, J. Comprehensive strategy for serious, violent, and chronic juvenile offenders. Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, 1993.
23. Widom, C. The cycle of violence. NIJ Research in Brief. Washington, DC: National Institute of Justice, 1992.
24. See Yoshikawa, H. Long-term effects of early childhood programs on social outcomes and delinquency. The Future of Children (Winter 1995) 5,3:51-75.
25. For a review of early intervention programs that have been evaluated, see Krisberg, B., Currie, E., Onek, D., and Wiebush, R. Graduated sanction for serious violent and chronic juvenile offenders. In A sourcebook: Serious, violent and chronic offenders. J.C. Howell, B. Krisberg, J.D. Hawkins, and J.J. Wilson, eds. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1995.