Race and poverty in America: Public misperceptions and the American news media

Public Opinion Quarterly

Volumn 60, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 515-541

  Gilens, Martin ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0030329003     PISSN: 0033362X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/297771     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Banaji, Mahzarin R., Curtis Hardin, and Alexander J. Rothman. 1993. "Implicit Stereotyping in Person Judgement." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 65:272-81.
2. Baran, S. 1973. "Dying Black/Dying White: Coverage of Six Newspapers." Journalism Quarterly 50:761-63.
3. Bartels, Larry M. 1993 "Messages Received: The Political Impact of Media Exposure." American Political Science Review 87:267-85.
4. Center for the Study of Policy Attitudes. 1994. "Fighting Poverty in America." National telephone survey sponsored by the Center for the Study of Policy Attitudes, October 13-16
5. Chaudhary, A. 1980. "Press Portrayals of Black Officials." Journalism Quarterly 57: 636-41.
6. Cook, Fay Lomax, and Edith J. Barrett. 1992. Support for the American Welfare State. New York: Columbia University Press.
7. Devine, Patricia G. 1989. "Stereotypes and Prejudice: Their Automatic and Controlled Components." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 56:5-18.
8. Dovidio, John F., Nancy Evans, and Richard B. Tyler. 1986. "Racial Stereotypes: The Contents of Their Cognitive Representations." Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 22:22-37.
9. Fishman, Mark. 1980. Manufacturing the News. Austin: University of Texas Press.
10. Folio. 1994. "Folio 500." Folio: The Magazine for Magazine Management 23(12):52.
11. Gans, Herbert J. 1979. Deciding What's News. New York: Pantheon.
12. Gitlin, Todd. 1980. The Whole World Is Watching: Mass Media in the Making and Unmaking of the New Left. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
13. Graber, Doris A. 1990. "Seeing Is Remembering: How Visuals Contribute to Learning from Television News." Journal of Communication 40:134-55.
14. Henkel, Ramon E. 1976. Tests of Significance. Sage University Paper series on Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences, 07-004. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
15. Humphrey, Ronald, and Howard Schuman. 1984. "The Portrayal of Blacks in Magazine Advertisements: 1950-1982." Public Opinion Quarterly 48:551-63.
16. Iyengar, Shanto. 1989. "How Citizens Think about National Issues: A Matter of Responsibility." American Journal of Political Science 33:878-900.
17. _. 1991. Is Anyone Responsible? Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
18. Iyengar, Shanto, and Donald R. Kinder. 1987. News That Matters. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
19. Jargowsky, Paul A., and Mary Jo Bane. 1991. "Ghetto Poverty in the United States, 1970-1980." In The Urban Underclass, ed. Christopher Jencks and Paul E. Peterson, pp. 235-73. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.
20. Jencks, Christopher. 1991. "Is the Americans Underclass Growing?" In The Urban Underclass, ed. Christopher Jencks and Paul E. Peterson, pp. 28-100. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.
21. Katz, D., and K. Braly. 1933. "Racial Stereotypes in One Hundred College Students." Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 28:280-90.
22. Katz, Michael B. 1989. The Undeserving Poor. New York: Pantheon.
23. Kluegel, James R., and Eliot R. Smith. 1986. Beliefs about Inequality. New York: Aldine de Gruyter.
24. Krosnick, Jon A., and Donald R. Kinder. 1990. "Altering the Foundations of Popular Support for the President through Priming." American Political Science Review 84: 497-512.
25. Lester, Paul, and Ron Smith. 1990. "African-American Photo Coverage in Life, Newsweek and Time, 1937-1988." Journalism Quarterly 67:128-36.
26. Lippmann, Walter. (1922) 1960. Public Opinion. New York: Macmillan.
27. Los Angeles Times. 1985. "Los Angeles Times Poll." (Machine-readable data file.) Poll no. 96. Los Angeles Times, April.
28. Massey, Douglas S., and Nancy A. Denton. 1993. American Apartheid. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
29. Mayer, William G. 1993. "Poll Trends: Trends in Media Usage." Public Opinion Quarterly 57:593-611.
30. National Opinion Research Center. 1990. "General Social Survey." (Machine-readable data file.) National personal interview survey conducted by the National Opinion Research Center, Chicago, James Davis and Tom W. Smith, principal investigators.
31. _. 1993. "General Social Survey." National personal interview survey conducted by the National Opinion Research Center, Chicago, February 5-April 26.
32. Reed, Adolph L., Jr. 1991. "The Underclass Myth." Progressive 55:18-20.
33. Ricketts, Erol R., and Isabel V. Sawhill. 1988. "Defining and Measuring the Underclass." Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 7:316-25.
34. Rogers, Everett M., and James W. Dearing. 1988. "Agenda-Setting Research: Where Has It Been and Where Is It Going?" In Communication Yearbook, vol. 11, ed. James A. Anderson. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
35. Smith, Tom W. 1987. "That Which We Call Welfare by Any Other Name Would Smell Sweeter." Public Opinion Quarterly 51:75-83.
36. Stempel, G. 1971. "Visibility of Blacks in News and News-Picture Magazines." Journalism Quarterly 48:337-39.
37. Survey Research Center. 1991. "National Race and Politics Study." (Machine-readable data file.) Survey conducted by the Survey Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, Paul M. Sniderman, Philip E. Tetlock, and Thomas Piazza, principal investigators.
38. U.S. Bureau of the Census. 1990a. "Advance Data from the March 1990 Current Population Survey." Money Income and Poverty Status in the United States: 1989. Current Population Reports, Series P-60, no. 168. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
39. _. 1990b. Poverty in the United States: 1988 and 1989. Current Population Reports, Series P-60, no. 171. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
40. _. 1993a. 7990 Census of Population and Housing, Summary Tape File 3A. CD90-3C-1. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce.
41. _. 1993b. Statistical Abstract of the United States. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
42. _. 1996. Census Bureau Web Page, http://www.census.gov/ftp/pub/hhes/income/ povsum.html.
43. Wilhoit, G. Cleveland, and David H. Weaver. 1991. The American Journalist: A Portrait of U.S. News People and Their Work. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
44. Wilson, William Julius. 1987. The Truly Disadvantaged. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.