Depicting Error

American Statistician

Volumn 50, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 101-111

  Wainer, Howard ^a  

^a EDUCATIONAL TESTING SERVICE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0030328301     PISSN: 00031305     EISSN: 15372731     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00031305.1996.10474355     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Bachi, R. (1978), “Proposals for the Development of Selected Graphical Methods,” in Graphic Presentation of Statistical Information: Papers Presented at the 136th Annual Meeting of the American Statistical Association. U.S. Dept, of Commerce, Bureau of the Census.
2. Benjamini, Y., and Hochberg, Y. (1995), “Controlling the False Discovery Rate: A Practical and Powerful Approach to Multiple Testing,” Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Ser. B, 57, 289-300.
3. Bertin, J. (1973), Semiologie Graphique (2nd ed.), The Hague: MoutonGautier. (English translation done by William Berg and Howard Wainer and published as Semiology of Graphics, Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983)
4. Bonferroni, C. E. (1936), “Il Calcolo delle Assicurazioni su Gruppi di Teste,” in Studii in Onore del Prof. S. O. Carboni, Rome, Italy.
5. Cleveland, W. S. (1994), The Elements of Graphing Data (2nd ed.), Summit, NJ: Hobart.
6. Ehrenberg, A. S. C. (1977), “Rudiments of Numeracy,” Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Ser. A, 140, 277-297.
7. Fisher, R. A., Corbet, A. S., and Williams, C. B. (1943), “The Relation Between the Number of Species and the Number of Individuals in a Random Sample of an Animal Population,” Journal of Animal Ecology, 12.
8. Hauser, R. M. and Featherman, D. L. (1976), “Equality of Schooling: Trends and Prospects,” Sociology of Education, 49, 92-112.
9. Herrnstein, R. J., and Murray, C. (1994), The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life, New York: The Free Press.
10. Hoaglin, D. C., and Tukey, J. W. (1985), “Checking the Shape of Discrete Distributions,” in Exploring Data Tables, Trends and Shapes, eds. D. C. Hoaglin, F. Mosteller, and J. W. Tukey, New York: Wiley, chap. 9, pp. 345-416.
11. MacEachren, A. M. (1992), “Visualizing Uncertain Information,” Cartographic Perspectives, 13, 10-19.
12. MacEachren, A. M. (1994), “Visualization Quality and the Representation of Uncertainty,” in Some Truth with Maps: A Primer on Symbolization and Design, Washington, DC: Association of American Cartographers, chap. 4.
13. McGill, R., Tukey, J. W., and Larsen, W. (1978), “Variations of Box Plots,” The American Statistician, 32, 12-16.
14. Miller, R. G. (1966), Simultaneous Statistical Inference, New York: McGraw-Hill.
15. Mosteller, F., and Tukey, J. W. (1968), “Data Analysis, Including Statistics,” in The Handbook of Social Psychology, Vol. 2, eds. G. Lindzey and E. Aronson, Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, pp. 80-203.
16. Pearson, K. (1892), The Grammar of Science, London: Walter Scott.
17. Petermann, A. (1852), “Distribution of the Population,” Census of Great Britain, 1851, Lithograph, Crayon Shading in the British Library.
18. Robinson, A. H. (1982), Early Thematic Mapping in the History of Cartography, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
19. Quetelet, A. (1832), “Recherches sur le Penchant au Crime aux Différens Ages.” Nouveaux Mémoires de l’Académie Royales des Sciences et Belle-Lettres de Bruxelles, 1, 1-87.
20. Schmid, C. F. (1983), Statistical Graphics: Design Principles and Practices, New York: John Wiley.
21. Tufte, E. R. (1983), The Visual Display of Quantitative Information, Cheshire, CT: Graphics Press.
22. Wainer, H. (1984), “How to Display Data Badly,” The American Statistician, 38, 137-147.
23. Wainer, H. (1992), “Understanding Graphs and Tables,” Educational Researcher, 21, 14—23.
24. Wainer, H. (1993), “Tabular Presentation,” Chance, 6(3), 52-56.
25. Wainer, H. (in press), “Improving Tabular Displays: With NAEP Tables as Examples and Inspirations,” Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 22.
26. Walker, H. M., and Durost, W. N. (1936), Statistical Tables: Their Structure and Use, New York: Bureau of Publications, Teachers College, Columbia University.
27. Williams, V. S. L., Jones, L. V., and Tukey, J. W. (1994), “Controlling Error in Multiple Comparisons with Special Attention to the National Assessment of Educational Progress,” Technical Report 33, Research Triangle Park, NC: National Institute of Statistical Sciences.