A 3-dimensional isopycnic coordinate model of the seasonal cycling of carbon and nitrogen in the Atlantic Ocean

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth

Volumn 21, Issue 5-6 SPEC. ISS., 1996, Pages 503-509

  Drange, H ^a  

^a NANSEN ENVIRONMENTAL AND REMOTE SENSING CENTER   (Norway)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARBON CYCLE; NITROGEN CYCLE; OCEANIC GCM; OGCM; SEASONAL VARIATION;

ATLANTIC;

EID: 0030324425     PISSN: 00791946     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/s0079-1946(97)81149-4     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Aksnes, D. L. and Lie, U., A coupled physical-biological pelagic model of a shallow sill fjord, Est. Coast. Shelf Sci., 31, 459-486, 1990.
2. Anderson, T. R., Modelling the influence of food C:N ratio, and respiration on growth and nitrogen excretion in marine zooplankton and bacteria, J. Plankton Res., 14, 1645-1671, 1992.
3. Bleck, R., Rooth, C., Hu, D., and Smith, L. T., Salinity-driven thermohaline transients in a wind- and thermohaline-forced isopycnic coordinate model of the North Atlantic, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 22, 1486-1515, 1992.
4. Boden, T. A., Sepanski, R. J., and Stoss, F. W., eds., Trends '91: A Compendium of Data on Global Change, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, 1991.
5. Broecker, W. S. and Peng, T.-H., Tracers in the Sea, Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, Palisades, N. Y., 1982.
6. Conkright, M. E., Levitus, S., and Boyer, T. P., World Ocean Atlas 1994 Volume I: Nutrients, NOAA Atlas NESDIS 1, Washington, D.C., 1994.
7. 2 in the Ocean, Ph.D. thesis, Nansen Environm. Remote Sensing Centr. and Dep. of Math., Univ. of Bergen, Bergen, Norway, 1994.
8. Eppley, R. W. and Peterson, B. J., Particulate organic matter flux and planktonic new production in the deep ocean, Nature, 282, 677-680, 1979.
9. Esbensen, S. and Kushnir, Y., Heat Budget of the Global Ocean: Estimates from Surface Marine Observations, Tech. rep., Climate Research Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 27 pp., 1981.
10. Fasham, M. J. R., Modelling the marine biota, in The Global Carbon Cycle, edited by M. Heimann, pp. 457-504, Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1993.
11. Fasham, M. J. R., Ducklow, H. W., and McKelvie, S. M., A nitrogen-based model of phytoplankton dynamics in the oceanic mixed layer, J. Mar. Res., 48, 591-639, 1990.
12. Gargett, A. E., Vertical eddy diffusivity in the ocean interior, J. Mar. Res., 42, 359-393, 1984.
13. Gaspar, P., Modeling the seasonal cycle of the upper ocean, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 18, 161-180, 1988.
14. Hellerman, S. and Rosenstein, M., Normal monthly wind stress over the World Ocean with error estimates, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 13, 1093-1104, 1983.
15. Holland, W. R. and Bryan, F. O., Modelling the wind and thermohaline circulation in the North Atlantic Ocean, in Ocean Processes in Climate Dynamics: Global and mediterranean Examples, edited by P. Malanotte-Rizzoli and A. R. Robinson, pp. 135-156, Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994.
16. Houghton, J. T., Filho, L. G. M., Callander, B. A., Harris, N., Kattenberg, A., and Maskell, K., eds., Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group I to the Second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1996.
17. Jaeger, L., Monatskarten des Niederschlags für die ganze Erde, Tech. Rep. 139, Berichte des Deutchen Wetteredienstes, Offenbach, Germany, 1976.
18. Keeling, C. D., Surface Ocean CO2, in The Global Carbon Cycle, edited by M. Heimann, pp. 413-429, Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1993.
19. Kraus, E. B. and Turner, J. S., A one-dimensional model for the seasonal thermocline. II The general theory and its consequences, Tellus, 14, 98-105, 1967.
20. Lamb, P. J., On the mixed-layer climatology of the north and tropical Atlantic, Tellus, 36A, 292-305, 1984.
21. 2 map for the north Atlantic Ocean, Tech. rep., Laboratorie d'Océanographie Dynamique et de Climatologie, Paris, IGBP-DIS Working Paper #11, 1995.
22. Levitus, S., Climatological Atlas of the World Ocean, Tech. rep., NOAA Professional Paper 13, 173pp., 1982.
23. Levitus, S., Conkright, M. E., Reid, J. L., Najjar, R. G., and Mantyla, A., Distribution of nitrate, phosphate and silicate in the world oceans, Prog. Oceanog., 31, 245-273, 1993.
24. 2 air-sea exchange in the Nordic Seas. An attempt to make an estimate based on data, Oceanol. Acta, 17, 159-175, 1995.
25. Maier-Reimer, E., Geochemical cycles in an Ocean General Circulation Model. Preindustrial tracer distributions, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 7, 645-677, 1993.
26. Martin, J. H., Knauer, G. A., Karl, D. M., and Broenkow, W. W., VERTEX: Carbon cycling in the northeast Pacific, Deep Sea Res., 34, 267-285, 1987.
27. McCartney, M. S. and Talley, L. D., The subpolar model water of the North Atlantic Ocean, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 12, 1169-1188, 1982.
28. New, A. L., Bleck, R., Jia, Y., Marsh, R., Huddleston, M., and Bernard, S., An ispoycnic model study of the North Atlantic. Part I: Model experiment, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 25, 2679-2711, 1995.
29. Peng, T.-H., Takahashi, T., Broecker, W. S., and Olafsson, J., Seasonal variability of carbon dioxide, nutrients and oxygen in the North Atlantic surface water: Observations and a model, Tellus, 39B, 439-458, 1987.
30. Redfield, A. C., Ketchum, B. H., and Richards, F. A., The influence of organisms on the composition of sea-water, in The Sea, edited by M. N. Hill, vol. 2, pp. 26-77, New York, Interscience Publ., 1963.
31. Sarmiento, J. L., Slater, R. D., Fasham, M. J. R., Ducklow, H. W., Toggweiler, J. R., and Evans, G. T., A seasonal three-dimensional ecosystem model of nitrogen cycling in the North Atlantic euphotic zone, Global Biogeoch. Cycles, 7, 417-450, 1993.
32. Smolarkiewicz, P. K. and Grabowski, W. W., The Multidimensional Positive Definite Advection Transport Algorithm: Nonoscillatory Option, J. Camp. Phys., 86, 355-375, 1990.
33. Steele, J. H. and Henderson, E. W., The significance of interannual variability, in Towards a Model of Ocean Biochemical Processes, edited by G. T. Evans and M. J. R. Fasham, pp. 237-260, Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1993.
34. 2 and nutrients in the high-latitude surface oceans: A comparative study, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 7, 843-878, 1993.
35. 2 sink, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B, 348, 143-152, 1995.
36. Wanninkhof, R., Relationship between wind speed and gas exchange over the ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 7373-7382, 1992.