Basicranial anatomy ofsyndyoceras cooki(artiodactyla, protoceratidae) and the need for a reappraisal of tylopod relationships

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

Volumn 16, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 320-327

  Joeckeu, R M ^a,b   Stavas, J M ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM   (United States)

^c Radiology Associates   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0030306246     PISSN: 02724634     EISSN: 19372809     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02724634.1996.10011319     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Barbour, E. H. 1905. A new Miocene artiodactyl. Science 22:797-798.
2. Black, C. C. 1978. Paleontology and geology of the Badwater Creek area, central Wyoming. Part 14: the artiodactyls. Annals of the Carnegie Museum 47:223-259.
3. Boulay, G. H. du, and P. M. Verity. 1973. The Cranial Arteries of Mammals. The Whitefriars Press, London, 299 pp.
4. Bubenik, A. B. 1990. Epigenetical, morphological, physiological, and behavioral aspects of evolution of horns, pronghorns, and antlers; pp. 3-113 in G. A. Bubenik and A. B. Bubenik (eds.), Homs, Pronghorns, and Antlers: Evolution, Morphology, Physiology, and Social Significance. Springer-Verlag, New York.
5. Coombs, M. C. and W. P. Coombs. 1982. Anatomy of the ear region of four Eocene artiodactyls: Gobihyus, IHelohyus, Diacodexis, and Homacodon. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 2:219-236.
6. Gazin, C. L. 1955. A review of the upper Eocene Artiodactyla of North America. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 128:1-96.
7. Gentry, A. W., and J. J. Hooker. 1988. The phylogeny of the Artiodactyla; pp. 235-272 in M. J. Benton (ed.), Phylogeny and Classification of the Tetrapods. Volume 2: Mammals. Systematics Association Special Volume 35B. Clarendon Press, Oxford.
8. Golz, D. J. 1976. Eocene Artiodactyla of southern California. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Science Bulletin 26:1-85.
9. Huxley, T. H. 1864. Lectures on the Elements of Comparative Anatomy. On the Classification of Animals and on the Vertebrate Skull. John Churchill and Sons, London, 303 pp.
10. Janis, C. M. 1990. Correlation of reproduction and digestive strategies in the evolution of cranial appendages; pp. 114-133 in G. A. Bubenik and A. B. Bubenik (eds.). Horns, Pronghorns, and Antlers: Evolution, Morphology, Physiology, and Social Significance. Springer-Verlag, New York.
11. Joeckel, R. M. 1992. Comparative anatomy and function of the lep-taucheniine oreodont middle ear. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 12:505-523.
12. Krause, W. 1884. Die Anatomie des Kaninchens in Topograpischer und Operativer Riicksicht. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, 383
13. MacPhee, R. D. E. 1981. Auditory regions of primates and eutherian insectivores: morphology, ontogeny, and character analysis. Contributions to Primatology 18:1-282.
14. Matthew, W. D. 1990. On the skull of Apternodus and the skeleton of a new artiodactyl. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 28:33-42.
15. Patton, T. H., and B. E. Taylor. 1973. The Protoceratinae (Mammalia, Tylopoda, Protoceratidae) and the systematics of the Protoceratidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 150:349-413.
16. Pearson, H. S. 1927. On the skulls of Early Tertiary Suidae, together with an account of the otic region in some primitive Artiodactyla. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, Series “B,” 215: 389-460.
17. Prothero, D. R. 1986. A new oromerycid (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) from the early Oligocène of Montana. Journal of Paleontology 60: 458-465
18. Scott, W. B. 1895. The osteology and relations of Protoceras. Journal of Morphology 11:303-374.
19. Scott, W. B.1898. Preliminary note on the selenodont artiodactyls of the Uinta Formation. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 37:73-81.
20. Scott, W. B.1899. The selenodont artiodactyls of the Uinta Eocene. Transactions of the Wagner Free Institute of Science 6:15-121.
21. Scott, W. B.1940. The mammalian fauna of the White River Oligocène, part IV: Artiodactyla. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 28:363-746.
22. Smith, G. E. 1903. Further observations on the natural mode of subdivision of the mammalian cerebellum. Anatomischer Anzeiger 23: 368-384.
23. Smuts, M. M. S., and A. J. Bezuidenhout. 1987. Anatomy of the Dromedary. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 230 pp.
24. Stirton, R. A. 1967. Relationships of the protoceratid artiodactyls, and description of a new genus. University of California Publications in the Geological Sciences 72:30-43.
25. Tandler, J. 1899. Zur vergleichenden Anatomie der Kopfarterien bei den Mammalia. Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe 67:677-784.
26. Van der Klaauw, C. J. 1931. On the auditory bulla in some fossil mammals, with a general introduction to this region of the skull. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 62:1-352.
27. Van Kämpen, P. N. 1905. Die Tympanalgegend des Saugetierschadels. Morphologisches Jahrbuch 34:321-722.
28. Webb, S. D. 1965. The Osteology of Camelops. Bulletin of the Los Angeles County Museum (Science) 1:1-54.
29. Webb, S. D.1981. Kyptoceras amatorum, new genus and species from the Pliocene of Florida, the last protoceratid artiodactyl. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 1:357-365.
30. Webb, S. D. and B. E. Taylor. 1980. The phytogeny of the hornless ruminants and a description of the cranium of Archaeomeryx. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 167:121-157.
31. Whitmore, F. CJr. 1953. Cranial morphology of some Oligocene Ar-tiodactyla. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 243-H: 117-160
32. Wilkie, H. C. 1936. The auditory organ of the ox (Bos taurus). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1936:985-1009.
33. Zguigal, H. and N. G. Ghoshal. 1990. Venous drainage of the head of the camel with special reference to the nasal cavity. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 60:279-286.
34. Zguigal, H. and N. G. Ghoshal.1991. Dural sinuses in the camel and their extracranial venous conections. Anatomy, Histology, Embryology 20: 253-260