Allometry of reproduction in two species of gekkonid lizards (Gehyra): Effects of body size miniaturization on clutch and egg sizes

Journal of Zoology

Volumn 240, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 703-715

  Doughty, Paul ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GEHYRA; GEHYRA DUBIA; GEHYRA VARIEGATA; GEKKONIDAE; REPTILIA; SQUAMATA;

ALLOMETRY; BODY SIZE MINIATURIZATION; CLUTCH SIZE; EGG SIZE;

EID: 0030303547     PISSN: 09528369     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1996.tb05316.x     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. Andrews, R. A. & Rand, A. S. (1974). Reproductive effort in anoline lizards. Ecology 55: 1317-1327.
2. Ballinger, R. E. (1977). Reproductive strategies: Food availability as a source of proximal variation in a lizard. Ecology 58: 628-635.
3. Bustard, H. R. (1968). The ecology of the Australian gecko, Gehyra variegata, in northern New South Wales. J. Zool. (Lond.) 154: 113-138.
4. Bustard, H. R. (1969). The ecology of the Australian geckos Diplodactylus williamsi and Gehyra australis in northern New South Wales. I and II. Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet. Ser, C Biol. Med. Sci. 72: 451-477.
5. Charnov, E. L., Downhower, J. F. & Brown, L. (1995). Optimal offspring sizes in small litters. Evol. Ecol. 9: 57-63.
6. Christian, K. & Bedford, G. (1993). High reproductive expenditure per progeny in geckos relative to other lizards. J. Herpetol. 27: 351-354.
7. Cogger, H. G. (1992). Reptiles and amphibians of Australia. Sydney: Reed Books.
8. Congdon, J. D., Gibbons, J. W. & Greene, J. L. (1983). Parental investment in the chicken turtle (Deirochelys reticularia). Ecology 64: 419-425.
9. Congdon. J. D. & Gibbons, J. W. (1987). Morphological constraint on egg size: a challenge to optimal egg size theory? Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84: 4145-4147.
10. Cooper, W. E., Jr (1994). Prey chemical discrimination, foraging, and phytogeny. In Lizard ecology: historical and experimental perspectives: 95-116. Vitt, L. J. & Pianka, E. R. (Eds). Princeton: Princeton University Press.
11. Dial, B. F. & Fitzpatrick, L. C. (1981). The energetic costs of tail autotomy to reproduction in the lizard Coleonyx brevis (Sauria: Gekkonidae). Oecologia 51: 310-317.
12. Doughty, P. & Shine, R. (1995). Life in two dimensions: natural history of the southern leaf-tail gecko, Phyllurus platurus. Herpetologica 51: 193-201.
13. Doughty, P. & Shine, R. (Unpubl. MS). Energy allocation to reproduction: 'capital' versus 'income' breeding in a long-lived lizard species.
14. Duellman, W. E. (1978). The biology of an equatorial herpetofauna in Amazonian Ecuador. Misc. Publs Univ. Kans. Mus. Nat. Hist. 65: 1-352.
15. Dunham, A. E., Miles, D. B. & Reznick, D. N. (1988). Life history patterns in squamate reptiles. In Biology of the Reptilia 16: 441-511. Gans, C. & Huey, R. B. (Eds). New York: Alan R. Liss, Inc.
16. Ebert, D. (1994). Fractional resource allocation into few eggs: Daphnia as an example. Ecology 75: 568-571.
17. Ford. N. B. & Seigel, R. B. (1989). Phenotypic plasticity in reproductive traits: evidence from a viviparous snake. Ecology 70: 1768-1774.
18. Godfray, H. C. J., Partridge, L. & Harvey, P. H. (1991). Clutch size. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 22: 409-429.
19. Griffith, H. (1990). Miniaturization and elongation in the genus Eumeces (Sauria: Scincidae). Copeia 1990: 751-758.
20. Griffith, H. (1994). Body elongation and decreased reproductive output within a restricted clade of lizards (Reptilia: Scincidae). J. Zool. (Lond.) 233: 541-550.
21. Hanken, J. (1985). Morphological novelty in the limb skeleton accompanies miniaturization in salamanders. Science (Washington DC) 229: 871-874.
22. Hanken. J. & Wake, D. B. (1993). Miniaturization of body size: organismal consequences and evolutionary significance. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 24: 501-519.
23. Harvey, P. H. & Pagel, M. D. (1991). The comparative method in evolutionary biology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
24. Henle, K. (1990). Population ecology and life history of the arboreal gecko Gehyra variegata in arid Australia. Herpetol. Monogr. 4: 30-60.
25. Kaplan, R. H. & Salthe, S. N. (1979). The allometry of reproduction: an empirical view in salamanders. Am. Nat. 113: 671-689.
26. King, M. (1984). Karyotypic evolution in Gehyra (Gekkonidae: Reptilia). IV. Chromosome change and speciation. Genetica 64: 101-114.
27. King, M. & Horner, P. (1993). Family Gekkonidae. In Fauna of Australia. 2A. Amphibia and Reptilia: 221-233. Glasby, C. J., Ross, G. J. B. & Beesley, P. L. (Eds). Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.
28. Lack, D. (1954). The natural regulation of animal numbers. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
29. McGinley, M. A., Temme, D. H. & Geber, M. A. (1987). Parental investment in offspring in variable environments: theoretical and empirical considerations. Am. Nat. 130: 370-398.
30. Meffe, G. K. (1987). Embryo size variation in mosquitofish: optimality vs. plasticity in propagule size. Copeia 1987: 762-768
31. Meffe, G. K. (1990). Offspring size variation in eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki: Poeciliidae) from contrasting hermal environments, Copeia 1990: 10-18.
32. Michaud, E. J. & Echternacht, A. C. (1995). Geographic variation in the life history of the lizard Anolis carolinensis and support for the pelvic constraint model. J. Herpetol. 29: 86-97.
33. Miles, D. B. & Dunham, A. E. (1992). Comparative analyses of phylogenetic effects in the life-history patterns of iguanid reptiles. Am. Nat. 139: 848-869.
34. Parker, G. A. & Begon, M. (1986). Optimal egg size and clutch size: effects of environmental and maternal phenotype. Am. Nat. 125: 573-592.
35. Peters, R. H. (1983). The ecological implications of body size. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
36. Reiss, M. J. (1989). The allometry of growth and reproduction. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
37. Rieppel, O. (1984). Miniaturization of the lizard skull: its functional and evolutionary implications. Synip. zool. Soc. Lond. No. 52: 503-520.
38. Rieppel, O. (1988). The classification of the Squamata. In The phylogeny and classification of the tetrapods, 1: amphibians, reptiles, and birds: 261-293. Benton, M. J. (Ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press.
39. Rowe, L., Ludwig. D. & Schluter. D. (1994). Time, condition, and the seasonal decline of avian clutch size. Am. Nat. 143: 698-722.
40. Schwarzkopf, L. (1992). Annual variation of litter size and offspring size in a viviparous skink. Herpetologica 48; 390-395.
41. Schwarzkopf, L. & Shine, R. (1992). Costs of reproduction in lizards: escape tactics and susceptibility to predation. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 31: 17-25.
42. Seigel, R. A., Fitch, H. S. & Ford, N. B. (1986). Variation in relative clutch mass in snakes among and within species. Herpeiologica 42: 179-185.
43. Selcer, K. W. (1990). Egg-size relationships in a lizard with fixed clutch size; variation in a population of the Mediterranean Gecko. Herpetologica 46: 15-21.
44. Shine, R. (1978). Growth rates and sexual maturation in six species of Australian elapid snakes. Herpetologica 34: 73-79.
45. Shine, R. (1980). "Costs" of reproduction in reptiles. Oecologia 46: 92-100.
46. Shine, R. (1988). Parental care in reptiles. In Biology of the Reptilia 16: 275-330. Gans, C. & Huey, R. B. (Eds). New York: Alan R. Liss, Inc.
47. Shine, R. (1992). Relative clutch mass and body shape in lizards and snakes: is reproductive investment constrained or optimized? Evolution 46: 828-833.
48. Shine, R. (1994). Allometric patterns in the ecology of Australian snakes. Copeia 1994: 851-867.
49. Shine, R. & Greer, A. E. (1991). Why are clutch sizes more variable in some species than in others? Evolution 45: 1696-1706.
50. Sinervo, B. (1990). The evolution of maternal investment in lizards: an experimental and comparative analysis of egg size and its effects on offspring performance. Evolution 44: 279-294.
51. Sinervo, B. & Doughty, P. (1996). Interactive effects of offspring size and timing of reproduction on offspring reproduction: experimental, maternal, and quantitative genetic aspects. Evolution 50: 1314-1327.
52. Sinervo, B., Doughty, P., Huey, R. B. & Zamudio, K. (1992). Allometric engineering: a causal analysis of natural selection on offspring size. Science (Washington DC) 258: 1927-1930.
53. Sinervo, B., Hedges, R. & Adolph, S. C. (1989). Decreased sprint speed as a cost of reproduction in the lizard Sceloporus occidentalis: variation among populations. J. exp. Biol. 155: 323-336.
54. Sinervo, B. & Licht, P. (1991). Proximate constraints on the evolution of egg size, number, and total clutch mass in lizards. Science (Washington DC) 252: 1300-1302.
55. Sinervo, B. & Losos, J. B. (1991). Walking the tight rope: arboreal sprint performance among Sceloporus occidentalis lizard populations. Ecology 72: 1225-1233.
56. Smith, C. C. & Fretwell, S. D. (1974). The optimal balance between size and number of offspring. Am. Nat. 108: 499-506.
57. Stewart, J. R. (1979). The balance between number and size of young in the live bearing lizard Gerrhonotus coeruleus. Herpetologica 35: 342-350.
58. Tinkle, D. W., Wilbur, H. M. & Tilley, S. G. (1970). Evolutionary strategies in lizard reproduction. Evolution 24: 55-74.
59. Vitt, L. J. (1981). Lizard reproduction: habitat specificity and constraints on relative clutch mass. Am. Nat. 117: 506-514.
60. Vitt, L. J. (1986). Reproductive tactics of sympatric gekkonid lizards with a comment on the evolution and ecological consequences of invariant clutch size. Copeia 1986: 773-786.
61. Vitt, L. J. & Congdon, J. D. (1978). Body shape, reproductive effort, and relative clutch mass in lizards: resolution of a paradox. Am. Nat. 112: 595-608.
62. Vitt, L. J. & Price, H. J. (1982). Ecological and evolutionary determinants of relative clutch mass in lizards. Herpetologica 38: 237-255.
63. Werner, Y. L. (1989). Egg size and egg shape in near-eastern gekkonid lizards. Israel J. Zool. 35: 199-213.
64. Williams, G. C. (1966). Adaptation and natural selection. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
65. Xiang, J. & Peichao, W. (1990). Annual cycles of lipid contents and caloric values of carcass and some organs of the gecko, Gekko japonicus. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A Comp. Physiol. 96: 267-271.