Structural interdependence: An ecological consequence of morphological responses to crowding in marsh plants

Functional Ecology

Volumn 10, Issue 5, 1996, Pages 654-661

  Harley, C D G ^a,b   Bertness, M D ^a  

^a BROWN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

Author keywords

Biomechanics; Plant ecology; Plant morphology; Positive interactions

Indexed keywords

CROWDING; MARSH;

ASTERACEAE; CHENOPODIACEAE; IVA FRUTESCENS; JUNCACEAE; JUNCUS GERARDI; POACEAE; SALICORNIA EUROPAEA; SPARTINA ALTERNIFLORA;

EID: 0030303286     PISSN: 02698463     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/2390176     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Alexander, R.M. (1983) Animal Mechanics. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Boston.
2. Bertness, M.D. & Callaway, R. (1994) Positive interactions in communities. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 9, 191-193.
3. Bertness, M.D. & Ellison, A.M. (1987) Determinants of pattern in a New England salt marsh plant community. Ecological Monographs 57, 129-147.
4. Bertness, M.D. & Grosholz, T. (1985) Population dynamics of the ribbed mussel, Guekensia demissa: the costs and benefits of a clumped distribution. Oecologia 67, 192-204.
5. Bertness, M.D. & Yeh, S.M. (1994) Cooperative and competitive interactions in the recruitment of marsh elders. Ecology 75, 2416-2429.
6. Casal, J.J. & Smith, H. (1989) The function, action, and adaptive significance of phytochrome in light grown plants. Plant, Cell, and Environment 12, 855-862.
7. Connell, J.H. (1983) On the prevalence and relative importance of interspecific competition: evidence from field experiments. American Naturalist 122, 661-696.
8. Denny, M., Daniel, T.L., & Koehl, M.A.R. (1985) Mechanical limits to size in wave-swept organisms. Ecological Monographs 55, 69-102.
9. Dunn, C.P. & Sharitz, R.R. (1991) Population structure, biomass allocation, and phenotypic plasticity in Murdannia keisak (Commelinaceae). American Journal of Botany 78, 1712-1723.
10. Ellison, A.M. (1987) Effects of competition, disturbance, and herbivory in Salicornia europaea. Ecology 68, 576-586.
11. Ellison, A.M. (1989) Morphological determinants of self-thinning in plant monocultures and a proposal concerning the role of self-thinning in plant evolution. Oikos 54, 287-293.
12. Geber, M.A. (1989) Interplay of morphology and development on size inequality: a Polygonum greenhouse study. Ecological Monographs 59, 267-288.
13. Grace, J. (1977) Plant Response to Wind. Academic Press, New York.
14. Greenhill, A.G. (1881) Determination of the greatest height consistent with stability that a vertical pole or mast can be made, and the greatest height to which a tree of given proportions can grow. Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 4, 65-73.
15. Hall, G.S. (1967) Some mechanical and nutritional aspects of cambial increment distribution in red pine. PhD thesis, Yale University School of Forestry, USA.
16. Holbrook, N.M. & Putz, F.E. (1989) The influence of neighbours on tree form: effects of lateral shade and prevention of sway on the allometry of Liquidambar styraciflua (Sweet Gum). American Journal of Botany 76, 40-49.
17. Holbrook, N.M., Denny, M.W. & Koehl, M.A.R. (1991) Intertidal 'trees': consequences of aggregation on the mechanical and photosynthetic properties of sea-palms Postelsia palmaeformis Ruprecht. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 146, 39-67.
18. Hutchings, M.J. (1979) Weight-density relationships in ramet populations of clonal perennial herbs, with special reference to the-3/2 power law. Journal of Ecology 51, 21-33.
19. Jackson, G.A. & Winant, C.D. (1983) Effect of a kelp forest on coastal currents. Continental Shelf Research 2, 75-80.
20. Jacobs, M.R. (1954) The effect of wind sway on the form and development of Pinus radiata D. Don. Australian Journal of Botany 2, 35-51.
21. Jurik, T.W. (1991) Population distributions of plant size and light environment of giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.) at three densities. Oecologia 87, 539-550.
22. King, D.A. (1981) Tree dimensions: maximizing the rate of height growth in dense stands. Oecologia 67, 351-356.
23. King, D.A. & Loucks, O.L. (1978) The theory of tree bole and branch form. Radiation and Environmental Biophysics 15, 141-165.
24. Koehl, M.A.R. (1977) Effects of sea anemones on the flow forces they encounter. Journal of Experimental Biology, 69, 87-105.
25. Koehl, M.A.R. & Alberte, R.S. (1988) Flow, flapping, and photosynthesis of Nereocystis luetkeana: a functional comparison of undulate and flat blade morphologies. Marine Biology 99, 435-444.
26. Lawton, R.O. & Putz, F.E. (1988) Natural disturbance and gap-phase regeneration in a wind-exposed tropical cloud forest. Ecology 69, 764-777.
27. Lonsdale, W.M. & Watkinson, A.R. (1983). Plant geometry and self-thinning. Journal of Ecology 71, 285-297.
28. Lovejoy, T.E., Bierregaard, R.O., Rankin, J.M. & Schubart, H.O.R. (1983) Ecological dynamics of tropical forest fragments. Tropical Rain Forest: Ecology and Management (eds S. L. Sutton, T. C. Whitmore & A. C. Chadwick), pp. 377-384, Blackwell Scientific Publications,Oxford.
29. Miyanishi, K., Hoy, A.R. & Cavers, P.B. (1979) A generalized law of self-thinning in plant populations. Journal of Theoretical Biology 78, 439-442.
30. Morgan, D.C. & Smith, H. (1979) A systematic relationship between phytochrome-controlled development and species habitat, for plants grown in simulated natural radiation. Planta 145, 253-258.
31. Niklas, K.J. (1992) Plant Biomechanics - An Engineering Approach to Plant Form and Function. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
32. Petty, J.A. & Worrell, R. (1981) Stability of coniferous tree stems in relation to damage by snow. Forestry 54, 115-128.
33. Schmitt, J. & Wulff, R. (1993) Light spectral quality, phytochrome, and plant competition. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 8, 47-51.
34. Schmitt, J., Eccleston, J. & Ehrhardt, D.W. (1987) Dominance and suppression, size-dependent growth and self-thinning in a natural Impatiens capensis population. Journal of Ecology 75, 651-665.
35. Schoener, T.W. (1983) Field experiments on interspecific competition. The American Naturalist 122, 240-285.
36. Sinnott, E.W. (1960) Plant Morphogenesis. McGraw Hill, New York.
37. Skorupa, J.P. & Kasenene, J.M. (1982) Tropical forest management: can rates of natural treefalls help guide us? Oryx 18, 96-101.
38. Smith, H. (1982) Light quality, photoreception, and plant strategy. Annual Review of Plant Physiology 33, 481-518.
39. Turner, M.D. & Rabinowitz, D. (1983) Factors affecting frequency distributions of plant mass: the absence of dominance and suppression in competing monocultures of Festuca paradoxa. Ecology 64, 469-475.
40. Weiner, J., Berntson, G.M. & Thomas, S.C. (1990) Competition and growth form in a woodland annual. Journal of Ecology 78, 459-469.
41. Wu, R.S. (1980). Effects of crowding on the energetics of the barnacle Balanus glandula. Canadian Journal of Zoology 58, 559-566.