Black spots produced by buried macroalgae in intertidal sandy sediments of the Wadden Sea: Effects on the meiobenthos

Journal of Sea Research

Volumn 36, Issue 3-4, 1996, Pages 153-170

  Neira, Carlos ^a   Rackemann, Michael ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OLDENBURG   (Germany)

Author keywords

black spots; buried macroalgae; meiofauna; tidal flats

Indexed keywords

BLACK SPOT; BLACK SPOTS; BURIED PLANTS; MACROALGAE; MEIOBENTHOS; TIDAL FLAT; TIDAL FLATS;

WADDEN SEA;

EID: 0030303028     PISSN: 13851101     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/s1385-1101(96)90786-8     Document Type: Article

References (109)

1. Aller, R.C. & J.Y. Aller, 1992. Meiofauna and solute transport in marine muds. - Limnol. Oceanogr. 37: 1018-1033.
2. Admiraal, W. & H. Peletier, 1979. Sulphide tolerance of benthic diatoms in relation to their distribution in an estuary. - Br. phycol. J. 14: 185-196.
3. Alkemade, R., A. Wielemaker, S.A. De Jong & J.J. Sandee, 1992. Experimental evidence for the role of bioturbation by the marine nematode Diplolaimella dievengatensis in stimulating the mineralization of Spartina anglica detritus. - Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 90: 149-155.
4. Alongi, D.M., 1981. Recolonization of meiobenthos in oiled azoic subtidal muddy sands of the York River estuary, Virginia. M.A. thesis, College of William and Mary, Virginia: 1-96.
5. Alongi, D.M., D.F. Boesch & R.J. Diaz, 1983. Colonization of meiobenthos in oil-contaminated subtidal sands in the lower Chesapeake bay. - Mar. Biol. 72: 325-335.
6. Armonies, W., 1988. Active emergence of meiofauna from intertidal sediments. - Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 43: 151-154.
7. _, 1990. Short-term changes of meiofaunal abundance in intertidal sediments. - Helgoländer Meeresunters. 44: 375-386.
8. _, 1994. Drifting meio- and macrobenthic invertebrates on tidal flats in Königshafen: a review. - Helgoländer Meeresunters. 48: 299-320.
9. Asmus, R., C. Gätje & V.N. De Jonge, 1994. Microphytobenthos - empfindliche Oberflächenhaut des Wattbodens. In: J. L. Lozán, E. Rachor, K. Reise, H. Von Westernhagen & W. Lenz. Warnsignale aus dem Wattenmeer. Blackwell Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin: 75-81.
10. Austen, M.C., R.M. Warwick & M.C. Rosado, 1989. Meiobenthic and macrobenthic community structure along a putative pollution gradient in southern Portugal. - Mar. Pollut. Bull. 20: 398-404.
11. Bell, S.S. & K.M. Sherman, 1980. A field investigation of meiofaunal dispersal: tidal resuspension and implications. - Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 3: 245-249.
12. Berner, R.A., 1980. Early diagenesis: a theoretical approach. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J.: 1-241.
13. Beukema, J.J., 1991. Changes in composition of bottom fauna of a tidal-flat area during a period of eutrophication. - Mar. Biol. 111: 293-301.
14. _, 1992. Long-term and recent changes in the benthic macrofauna living on tidal flats in the western part of the Wadden Sea. - Neth. Inst. Sea Res. Publ Ser. 20: 135-141.
15. Bianchi, T.S., R. Dawson & P. Sawangwong, 1988. The effects of chloropigments in sandy sediments. - J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol. 122: 243-255.
16. Bouwman, L.A., 1987. Meiofauna. In: J.M. Baker & W.J. Wolff. Biological surveys of estuaries and coasts. Cambridge University Press: 140-156.
17. Brockmann, U., V. De Jonge & K. Hesse, 1994. Zufuhr und Verteilung von Nährstoffen. In: J. L. Lozán, E. Rachor, K. Reise, H. Von Westernhagen & W. Lenz. Warnsignale aus dem Wattenmeer. Blackwell Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin: 23-30.
18. Brown, S.B., J.D. Houghton & A.F. Hendry, 1991. Chlorophyll breakdown. In: H. Scheer. Chlorophylls. CRC Press: 465-489.
19. Butman, C.A., 1989. Sediment-trap experiments on the importance of hydrodynamic processes in distributing settling larvae in near-bottom waters. - J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol. 134: 37-88.
20. Buttermore, R.E., 1977. Eutrophication of an impouned estuarine lagoon. - Mar. Pollut. Bull. 8: 13-15.
21. Chandler, G.T. & J.W. Fleeger, 1983. Meiofaunal colonization of azoic estuarine sediment in Louisiana: mechanisms of dispersal. - J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol. 69: 175-188.
22. Chareonpanich, C., S. Montani, H. Tsutsumi & S. Matsuoka, 1993. Modification of chemical characteristics of organically enriched sediment by Capitella sp. I. - Mar. Pollut. Bull. 26: 375-379.
23. Cline, J.D., 1969. Spectrophotometric determination of hydrogen sulfide in natural waters. - Limnol. Oceanogr. 14: 454-485.
24. Conley, D.J. , R.W. Johnstone, 1995. Biogeochemistry of N, P, ans Si in Baltic Sea sediments: response to simulated deposition of a spring diatom bloom. - Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 122: 265-276.
25. Coull, B.C., S.S. Bell, 1979. Perspectives of marine meiofaunal ecology. In: R.J. Livingston. Ecological processes in coastal and marine systems. Plenum Press, New York: 189-216.
26. Coull, B.C. & G.T. Chandler, 1992. Pollution and meiofauna: field, laboratory, and mesocosm studies. - Oceanogr. mar. biol. ann. Rev. 30: 191-271.
27. Cullen, D.J., 1973. Bioturbation of superficial marine sediments by interstitial meiobenthos. - Nature 242: 323-324.
28. Decho, A.W., J.W. Fleeger, 1988. Ontogenic feeding shifts in the meiobenthic harpacticoid copepod Nitocra lacustris. - Mar. Biol. 97: 191-197.
29. De Jonge, V.N. & K. Essink, 1991. Long-term changes in nutrient loads and primary and secondary production in the Dutch Wadden Sea. In: M. Elliott & J. P. Ducrotoy. Estuaries and coasts: spatial and temporal intercomparisons. Intern. Symp. Ser. Olsen & Olsen, Fredensborg: 307-316.
30. Eitner, V. & G. Ragutzki, 1994. Temporal and spatial variability of tidal flats sediments: A case study. - Senckenbergiana marit. 25: 1-9.
31. Enoksson, V., 1993. Nutrient recycling by coastal sediments: effects of added algal material. - Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 92: 245-254.
32. Eversberg, U., C. Suppes & H. Theede, 1994. Black spots above Mya arenaria - a model for reduced sediment surfaces. Umweltbundesamt. ökosystemforschung Niedersächsisches Wattenmeer - Zwischenbericht 1994. A2.3/1-A2.3/16.
33. Fenchel, T., 1969. The ecology of marine microbenthos IV. Structure and function of the benthic ecosystem, its chemical and physical factors and the microfauna communities with special reference to the ciliated protozoa. - Ophelia 6: 1-182.
34. Field J.G., K.R. Clarke & R.M. Warwick, 1982. A practical strategy for analysing multispecies distribution patterns. - Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 8: 37-52.
35. Findlay, S.E.G., 1982. Influence of sampling scale on apparent distribution of meiofauna on a sand flat. - Estuaries 5: 322-324.
36. Fleeger, J.W., M.A. Palmer & E.B. Moser, 1990. On the scale aggregation of meiobenthic copepods on a tidal mudflat. - PSZNI Mar. Ecol. 11: 227-237.
37. Foree, E.G. & P.L. McCarty, 1970. Anaerobic decomposition of algae. - Environ. Sci. Technol. 4: 842-949.
38. Forster, S. & G. Graf, 1992. Continuously measured changes in redox potential influenced by oxygen penetrating from burrows of Callianassa subterranea. - Hydrobiologia 235/236: 527-532.
39. Gerlach, S.A., 1978. Food-chain relationships in subtidal silty sand marine sediments and the role of meiofauna in stimulating bacterial productivity. - Oecologia (Berlin) 33: 55-69.
40. Giere, O., 1993. Meiobenthology. The microscopic fauna in aquatic sediments. Springer-Verlag, Berlin: 1-328.
41. Giere, O., A. Eleftheriou & D.J. Murison, 1988. Abiotic factors. In: R.P. Higgins & H. Thiel. Introduction to the study of meiofauna. Smithsonian Inst. Press, Washington, D.C.: 1-488.
42. Goldhaber, M.B. & I.R. Kaplan, 1975. Control and consequences of sulphate reduction rates in recent marine sediments. - Soil Sci. 119: 42-55.
43. Grant, J., U.V. Bathmann & E.L. Mills, 1986. The interaction between benthic diatom films and sediment transport. - Estuar. coast Shelf Sci. 23: 225-238.
44. Gray, J.S., 1984. Ökologie mariner Sedimente. Eine Einführung. Springer-Verlag, Berlin: 1-133.
45. Hagermann, G.M. & R.M. Rieger, 1981. Dispersal of benthic meiofauna by wave and current action in Bogue South. North Carolina, USA. - PSZNI Mar. Ecol. 2: 245-270.
46. Hall, S.J., D. J. Basford, M. R. Robertson, D.G. Raffaeli & I. Tuck, 1991. Patterns of recolonization and the importance of pit-digging by the crab Cancer pagurus in a subtidal sand habitat. - Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 72: 93-102.
47. Heip, C., 1995. Eutrophication and zoobenthos dynamics. - Ophelia 41: 113-136.
48. Heip, C., R.M. Warwick, M.R. Carr, P.M.J. Herman, R. Huys, N. Smol & K. Van Holsbeke, 1988. Analysis of community attributes of the benthic meiofauna of Frierfjord/Langesundfjord. - Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 46: 171-180.
49. Herman, P.M.J. & C. Heip, 1988. On the use of meiofauna in ecological monitoring: Who needs taxonomy? - Mar. Pollut. Bull. 19: 665-668.
50. Hoagland, K.D., J.R. Rosowski, M.R. Gretz & S.C. Roemer, 1993. Diatom extracellular polymeric substances: function, fine structure, chemistry, and physiology. - J. Phycol. 29: 537-566.
51. Holmer, M. & E. Kristensen, 1994. Organic matter mineralization in an organic-rich sediment: experimental stimulation of sulfate reduction by fish food pellets. - FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 14: 33-44.
52. Höpner, T. & H. Michaelis, 1994. Sogenannte 'schwarze Flecken' - ein Eutrophierungssymptom des Wattenmeeres. In: J. L. Lozán, E. Rachor, K. Reise, H. Von Westernhagen & W. Lenz. Warnsignale aus dem Wattenmeer. Blackwell Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin: 153-159.
53. Jørgensen, B.B., 1977a. Bacterial sulfate reduction within reduced microniches of oxidized marine sediments. -Mar. Biol. 41: 7-17.
54. _, 1977b. The sulfur cycle of a coastal marine sediment (Limfjorden, Denmark). - Limnol. Oceanogr. 22: 814-832
55. _, 1995. Die Mikrowelt der Meeresbakterien. - Naturwissenschaften 82: 269-278.
56. Jørgensen, B.B. & T. Fenchel, 1974. The sulfur cycle of a marine sediment model system. - Mar. Biol. 24: 189-201.
57. Kellner-Gnoss, I., 1994. Sedimentchemismus nach hoher Belastung mit Makroalgen Biomasse. Diplomarbeit, Universität Oldenburg, 49 pp. (unpublished).
58. Kelly, J.R. & S.W. Nixon, 1984. Experimental studies of the effect of organic deposition on the metabolism of a coastal marine bottom community. - Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 17: 157-169.
59. Kennet, D.M. & P.E. Hargraves, 1985. Benthic diatoms and sulfide fluctuations: upper Basin of Pettaquamscutt River, Rhode Island. - Est. coast. Shelf Sci. 21: 577-586.
60. Kolbe, K., 1991. Zum Auftreten 'schwarzer Flecken', oberflächlich anstehender, reduzierter Sedimente, im ostfriesischen Wattenmeer. Niedersächsisches Landesamt für Wasser und Abfall, Arbeiten Forschungsstelle Küste: 1-26.
61. Kolbe, K., E. Kaminski, H. Michaelis, B. Obert & J. Rahmel, 1995. Macroalgal mass development in the Wadden Sea: first experiences with monitoring system. - Helgoländer Meeresunters. 49: 519-528.
62. Koop, K., R.C. Newell & M.I. Lucas, 1982. Microbial regeneration of nutrients from the decomposition of macrophyte debris on the shore. - Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 9: 91-96.
63. McComb, A.J., P.B. Birch, D.M. Gordon & R.J. Lukatelich, 1979. Eutrophication in the Peel-Harvey estuarine system, western Australia. In: B.J. Neilson & L.E. Cronin. Estuaries and nutrients. Humana Press, Clifton, New Jersey: 323-342.
64. McGwynne, L.E., A. McLachlan & J.P. Furstenberg, 1988. Wrack breakdown on sandy beaches - its impact on interstitial meiofauna. - Mar. environ. Res. 25: 213-232.
65. McLachlan, A., 1985. The biomass of macro- and interstitial fauna on clean and wrack-covered beaches in western Australia. - Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci. 21: 587-599.
66. Michaelis, H. & K. Reise, 1994. Langfristige Veränderungen des Zoobenthos im Wattenmeer. In: J. L. Lozán, E. Rachor, K. Reise, H. Von Westernhagen & W. Lenz. Warnsignale aus dem Wattenmeer. Blackwell Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin: 106-117.
67. Michaelis, H., K. Kolbe & A. Thiessen, 1992. The 'black spot disease' (anaerobic surface sediments) of the Wadden Sea. Contrib. ICES Statutory Meeting, Rostock 1992 Code Nr.E:36.
68. Neira, C. & T. Höpner, 1994. The role of Heteromastus filiformis (Capitellidae, Polychaeta) in organic carbon cycling. - Ophelia 39: 55-73.
69. Nixon, S.W., 1995. Coastal marine eutrophication: a definition, social causes, and future concerns. - Ophelia 41: 199-219.
70. Oelschläger, B., 1994. Fleckenhaftigkeit von Stoffkonzentrationen im Kohlenstoffbelasteten Wattsediment. Sulfat, Sulfid, Methan. Diplomarbeit, Universität Oldenburg, 51 pp. (unpublished).
71. Osinga, R., W.E. Lewis, J.L.M. Wopereis, C. Vriezen & F.C. Van Duyl, 1995. Effects of the sea urchin Echinocardium cordatum on oxygen uptake and sulfate reduction in experimental benthic systems under increasing organic load. - Ophelia 41: 221-236.
72. Ott, J.A., R. Novak, F. Schiemer, U. Hentschel, M. Nebelsick & M. Polz, 1991. Tackling the sulfide gradient: a novel strategy involving marine nematodes and chemoautotrophic ectosymbionts. - PSZNI Mar. Ecol. 12: 261-279.
73. Palmer, M.A., 1988. Dispersal of marine meiofauna: a review and conceptual model explaining passive transport and active emergence with implications for recruitment. - Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 48: 81-91.
74. _, 1992. Incorporating lotic meiofauna into our understanding of faunal transport processes. - Limnol Oceanogr. 37: 329-341.
75. Pearson, T.H. & R. Rosenberg, 1978. Macrobenthic succecssion in relation to organic enrichment and pollution of the marine environment. - Oceanogr. mar. biol. ann. Rev. 16: 229-311.
76. Pfannkuche, O. & H. Thiel, 1988. Sample processing. In: R.P. Higgins & H. Thiel. Introduction to the study of meiofauna. Smithsonian Inst. Press, Washington, D.C. : 134-145.
77. Philippart, K. & B. Brinkman, 1992. Herkomst zwarte vlekken in de Waddenzee - Zwartkijkers? - Waddenbulletin 27: 90-93.
78. Postma, H., 1988. Tidal flats areas. In: B.-O. Jansson. Coastal-offshore ecosystem interactions. Lecture Notes on Coastal and Estuaries studies. Springer-Verlag, Berlin: 102-121.
79. Powell, E.N., 1989. Oxygen, sulfide and diffusion: why thiobiotic meiofauna must be sulfide-insensitive first-order respirers. - J. mar. Res. 47: 887-932.
80. Rafaelli, D., S. Hull & H. Milne, 1989. Long-term changes in nutrients, weed mats and shore birds in a estuarine system. - Cah. Biol. mar. 30: 259-270.
81. Reise, K., 1983. Sewage, green algae mats anchored by lugworms, and the effects on Turbellaria and small Polychaeta. - Helgoländer Meeresunters. 36: 151-162.
82. Reise, K. & I. Siebert, 1994. Mass occurrence of green algae in the German Wadden Sea. - Dt. Hydrogr. Z., (Suppl.) 46: 171-180.
83. Reise, K., K. Kolbe & V. De Jonge, 1994. Makroalgen und Seegrasbestände im Wattenmeer. In: J.L. Lozán, E. Rachor, K. Reise, H. Von Westernhagen & W. Lenz. Warnsignale aus dem Wattenmeer. Blackwell Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin: 90-100.
84. Rhoads, D.C., R.C. Aller & M.B. Goldhaber, 1977. The influence of colonizing benthos on physical properties and chemical diagenesis of the estuarine seafloor. In: B.C. Coull. Ecology of marine benthos. University of South Carolina Press, Columbia: 113-138.
85. Rieper-Kirchner, M., 1989. Microbial degradation of North Sea macroalgae: field and laboratory studies. - Botanica mar. 32: 241-252.
86. _, 1990. Macroalgal decomposition: laboratory studies with particular regard to microorganisms and meiofauna. - Helgoländer Meeresunters. 44: 397-410.
87. Robak, M., 1995. Teilcharakterisierung von 'jungem' Porenwasser-DOC aus Wattsedimenten und experimenteller Belastung mit Makroalgen-Biomasse. Diplomarbeit, Universität Oldenburg, 94 pp. (unpublished).
88. Rosenberg, R., 1985. Eutrophication - the future marine coastal nuisance? - Mar. Pollut. Bull. 16: 227-231.
89. Rosenberg, R., B. Hellmann & B. Johansson, 1991. Hypoxic tolerance of marine benthic fauna. - Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 79: 127-131.
90. Schories, D., 1991. Wechselwirkungen zwischen Grünanlagen und Bodenfauna im Wattenmeer. Thesis, Universität Kiel: 1-95.
91. Schories, D. & K. Reise, 1993. Germination and anchorage of Enteromorpha spp. in sediments of the Wadden Sea. - Helgoländer Meeresunters. 47: 275-285.
92. Sherman, K.M. & B.C. Coull, 1980. The response of meiofauna to sediment disturbance. - J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol. 46: 59-71.
93. Stal, L.J., H. Van Gemerden & W.E. Krumbein, 1984. The simultaneous assay of chlorophyll and bacteriochlorophyll in natural microbial communities. - J. microbiol. Meth. 2: 295-306.
94. Sun, M., R.C. Aller & C. Lee, 1991. Early diagenesis of chlorophyll-a in Long Island Sound sediments: a measure of carbon flux and particle reworking. - J. mar. Res. 49: 379-401.
95. Sun, M., C. Lee & R.C. Aller, 1993. Anoxic and oxic degradation of 14C-labeled chloropigments and a 14C-labeled diatom in Long Island Sound sediments. - Limnol. Oceanogr. 38: 1438-1451.
96. Sundbäck, K., B. Jönsson, P. Nilsson & I. Lindström, 1990. Impact of accumulating drifting macroalgae on a shallow-water sediment system: an experimental study. - Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 58: 261-274.
97. Suppes, C., 1995. Die Dynamik 'Schwarzer Flecken' im Wattenmeer. Veränderungen im Sediment durch den Abbau organischer Substanz. Diplomarbeit, Universität Bremen, 95 pp. (unpublished).
98. Tenore, K.R., 1977. Food chain pathways in detrital feeding benthic communities: a review, with new observations on sediment resuspension and detrital recycling. In: B.C. Coull. Ecology of marine benthos. Univ. of South Carolina Press, Columbia: 37-53.
99. Thiessen, A., 1992. Anaerobe Bereiche der Wattoberfläche, deren Phaenomenologie sowie deren Auswirkungen auf die Bodenlebewelt - Eine Untersuchung im Rückseitenwatt der ostfrieslischen Insel Noderney (Niedersachsen). Diplomarbeit, Universität Osnabrück, 103 pp. (unpublished).
100. Thistle, D., 1980. The response of a harpacticoid copepod community to a small-scale natural disturbance. - J. mar. Res. 38: 381-395.
101. _, 1981. Natural physical disturbances and communities of marine soft bottoms. - Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 6: 223-228.
102. Villano, N. & R.M. Warwick, 1995. Meiobenthic communities associated with the seasonal cycle of growth and decay of Ulva rigida Agardh in the Palude Della Rosa, Lagoon of Venice. - Est. coast Shelf Sci. 41: 181-194.
103. Vismann, B., 1991. Sulfide tolerance: physiological mechanisms and ecological implications. - Ophelia 34: 1-27.
104. Walters, K., 1988. Diel vertical migration of sediment-associated meiofauna in subtropical sand and seagrass habitats. - J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol. 117: 169-186.
105. Warwick, R.M., K.R. Clarke & J.M. Gee, 1990a. The effect of disturbance by soldier crabs Mictyris platycheles H. Milne Edwards on meiobenthic community structure. - J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol. 135: 19-33.
106. Warwick, R.M., H.M. Platt, K.R. Clarke, J. Agard & J. Gobin, 1990b. Analysis of macrobenthic and meiobenthic community structure in relation to pollution and disturbance in Hamilton Harbour, Bermuda. - J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol. 138: 119-142.
107. Webb, D.G. & P.A. Montagna, 1993. Initial burial and subsequent degradation of sedimented phytoplankton: relative impact of macro- and meiobenthos. - J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol. 166: 151-163.
108. Wieser, W., 1960. Benthic studies in Buzzards bay II. The meiofauna. - Limnol. Oceanogr. 2: 121-137.
109. Wilkinson, L., 1990. SYSTAT: the system for statistics. Evanston, Ill: 1-822.