Development and extension of the calibration of the radiocarbon time scale: Archaeological applications

Quaternary Science Reviews

Volumn 15, Issue 7, 1996, Pages 655-668

  Taylor, R E ^a   Stuiver, Minze ^b   Reimer, Paula J ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CALIBRATION; CALIBRATION DATA; CARBON-14 DATING; RADIOCARBON DATING; TIME SCALE CALIBRATION;

EID: 0030302643     PISSN: 02773791     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/0277-3791(96)00024-8     Document Type: Article

References (96)

1. Aitken, M.J. (1987). Archaeometrical dating: Rapporteur review. In: Aurenche, O., Evin, J. and Hours, F. (eds), Chronologies du Proche Orient Chronologies in the Near East, Relative Chronologies and Absolute Chronology 16,000-4,000 B.P., pp. 207-218. Archaeological Series No. 3, BAR International Series 379, part 1. C.N.R.S., Lyon, France.
2. Aitchison, T.C., Leese, M., Michczynska, D.J., Mook, W.G., Otlet, R.L., Ottaway, B.S., Pazdur, M.F., Van Der Plicht, Van Der Plicht, Reimer, P.J., Robinson, S.W., Scott, E.M., Stuiver, M. and Weninger, B. (1989). A comparison of methods used for the calibration of radiocarbon dates. Radiocarbon, 31, 846-864.
3. Arnold, J.R. and Libby, W.F. (1950). Radiocarbon Dates (September 1, 1950). Institute for Nuclear Studies, University of Chicago, Chicago.
4. Arnold, J.R. and Libby, W.F. (1951). Radiocarbon dates. Science, 113, 111-120.
5. Atwater, B.F., Stuiver, M. and Yamaguchi, D.K. (1991). Radiocarbon test of earthquake magnitude at the Cascadia subduction zone. Nature, 353, 156-158.
6. 14C concentration: Emerging trends. Radiocarbon, 22, 191-199.
7. Barbetti, M. and Flude, K. (1979). Geomagnetic variation during the late Pleistocene period and changes in the radiocarbon time scale. Nature, 279, 202-205.
8. Barbetti, M., Bird, T., Dolezal, G., Taylor, G., Francey, R., Cook, E. and Peterson, M. (1992). Radiocarbon variations from Tasmanian conifers: First results from Late Pleistocene and Holocene logs. Radiocarbon, 3, 806-817.
9. 14C ages obtained by mass spectrometry on corals. Radiocarbon, 35, 191-199.
10. Bard, E., Stuiver, M. and Shackleton, N.J. (1993b). How accurate are our chronologies of the past? In: Eddy, J.A. and Oeschger, H. (eds), Global Changes in the Perspective of the Past. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
11. Bell, W.T. (1991). Thermoluminescence dates for the Lake Mungo aboriginal fireplaces and the implication for the radiocarbon time scale. Archaeometry, 33, 43-50.
12. Becker, B. (1993). An 11,000-year German Oak and Pine dendrochronology for radiocarbon calibration. Radiocarbon, 35, 201-213.
13. 14C as revealed by global carbon cycle modeling. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Washington, Seattle.
14. Bucha, V. (1970). Influence of the earth's magnetic field on radiocarbon dating. In: Olsson, I.U. (ed), Radiocarbon Variations and Absolute Chronology, pp. 501-511. Almqvist and Wiksell, Stockholm.
15. 13C values. Radiocarbon, 26, 46-53.
16. Clark, G. (1970). Aspects of Prehistory. University of California Press, Berkeley.
17. Clark, R.M. (1975). A calibration curve for radiocarbon dates. Antiquity, 49, 251-266.
18. Currie, L.A. and Polach, H.A. (1980). Exploratory analysis of the international radiocarbon cross-calibration data: Consensus values and interlaboratory error. Radiocarbon, 22, 933-935.
19. Damon, P.E. (1987). The history of the calibration of radiocarbon dates by dendrochronology. In: Aurenche, O., Evin, J. and Hours, F. (eds), Chronologies du Proche Orient Chronologies in the Near East, Relative Chronologies and Absolute Chronology 16,000-4,000 B.P., pp. 61-104. Archaeological Series No. 3, BAR International Series 379, part 1. C.N.R.S., Lyon, France.
20. Damon, P.E. and Jirikowic, J.I. (1992). Solar forcing of global climate change? In: Taylor, R.E., Kra, R. and Long, A. (eds), Radiocarbon after Four Decades: An Interdisciplinary Perspective, pp. 177-129. Springer, New York.
21. 14C: Causal factors and implications. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Science, 6, 457-494.
22. 14C variation spectrum. In: Sonett, C.P., Gaimpapa, M.S. and Matheu, M.S. (eds), The Sun in Time, pp. 360-388. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
23. Daniel, G. (1967). The Origins and Growth of Archaeology. Crowell, New York.
24. Eddy, J. (1976). The Maunder minimum. Science, 192, 1189-1202.
25. 230Th ages of corals. Science, 260, 962-968.
26. 14C dates in central Europe. Radiocarbon, 25, 279-286.
27. Gillespie, R., Gowlett, J.A.J., Hall, E.T., Hedges, R.E.M. and Perry, C. (1985). Radiocarbon dates from the Oxford AMS system: Archaeometry Datelist 2. Archaeometry, 27, 237-246.
28. Gillot, P.Y. and Cornette, Y. (1986). The Cassignol technique for potassium-argon dating, precision and accuracy examples from the late Pleistocene to recent volcanics from southern Italy. Chemical Geology, 59, 205-222.
29. Gittings, G.O. (1984) Radiocarbon chronometry and archaeological thought. Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles.
30. Haynes, C.V., Jr. (1964). Fluted projectile points: their age and dispersion. Science, 145, 1408-1413.
31. Haynes, C.V., Jr (1967). Carbon-14 dates and early man in the New World. In: Martin, P.S. and Wright, H.E. (eds), Pleistocene Extinctions: The Search for a Cause. Yale University Press, New Haven.
32. Haynes, C.V., Jr (1971). Time, environment and early man. Arctic Anthropology, 8, 2-14.
33. Haynes, C.V., Jr (1991). Clovis-Folsom-Midland-Plainview Geochronology: Climatic Change and Extinction. Paper presented in the symposium "Folsom Archaeology: Early Holocene Paleocology," 56th Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, New Orleans, 25 April 1991.
34. Haynes, C.V., Jr (1992). Contributions of radiocarbon dating to the geochronology of the peopling of the New World. In: Taylor, R.E. et al. (eds), Radiocarbon after Four Decades: An Interdisciplinary Perspective, pp. 355-374. Springer, New York.
35. Haynes, C.V., Jr and Agogino, G. (1960) Geological significance of a new radiocarbon date from the Lindenmeir site. The Denver Museum of Natural History Proceedings, No. 9. Denver Museum of Natural History, Denver.
36. Haynes, C.V., Jr, Beukens, R.P., Jull, A.J.T. and Davis, O.K. (1992). New radiocarbon dates for some old Folsom sites: accelerator technology. In: Stanford, D.J. and Day, J.S. (eds), Ice Age Hunters of the Rockies, pp. 83-100. Denver Museum of Natural History and University Press of Colorado, Denver.
37. Holliday, V.T. and Johnson, E. (1986). Re-evaluation of the first radiocarbon age for the Folsom culture. American Antiquity, 51, 332-338.
38. Huxtable, J. and Jacobi, R.M. (1982). Thermoluminescence dating of burned flints from a British Mesolithic Site. Archaeometry, 24, 164-169.
39. International Study Group (1982). An inter-laboratory comparison of radiocarbon measurements in tree rings. Nature, 298, 619-623.
40. Klein, J., Lerman, J.C., Damon, P.E. and Ralph, E.K. (1982). Calibration of radiocarbon dates: Tables based on the censenus data of the Workshop on calibrating the radiocarbon time scale. Radiocarbon, 24, 103-150.
41. 14C calibration, 7200-9439 BC. Radiocarbon, 35, 125-135.
42. Libby, W.F. (1951). Radiocarbon dates, II. Science, 114, 292-296.
43. Mangerud, J. and Gulliksen, S. (1975). Apparent radiocarbon ages of recent marine shells from Norway, Spitsbergen and Arctic Canada. Quaternary Research, 5, 263-273.
44. McKerrell, H. (1975). Correction procedures for C-14 dates. In: Watkins, T. (ed.), Radiocarbon: Calibration and Prehistory, pp. 47-100. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
45. Neustupny, E. (1970). The accuracy of radiocarbon dating. In: Olsson, I. U. (ed.), Radiocarbon Variations and Absolute Chronology, pp. 23-34. Almqvist and Wiksell, Stockholm.
46. Niklaus, T.R., Bonani, G., Simonius, M., Suter, M. and Wolfli, W. (1992). CalibETH: An interactive computer program for the calibration of radiocarbon dates. Radiocarbon, 34, 483-492.
47. Oeschger, H., Siegenthaler, U., Schotterer, U. and Gugelmann, A. (1975). A box diffusion model to study the carbon dioxide exchnage in nature. Tellus, 27, 168-192.
48. Olsson, I.U. (ed.) (1970). Radiocarbon Variations and Absolute Chronology. Almqvist and Wiksell, Stockholm.
49. 14C and Archaeology, pp. 277-294 [PACT, 8, 277-275]. Council of Europe, Strasbourg.
50. 14C interlaboratory comparison in the UK: Experiment design, preparation and preliminary results. Radiocarbon, 22, 936-946.
51. 14C variations from 7890 to 5000 BC. Radiocarbon, 35, 93-104.
52. 14C variations from AD 1840-5000 BC: A correction. Radiocarbon, 35, 93-104.
53. Pearson, G.W. and Stuiver, M. (1993). High-precision didecadal calibration of the radiocarbon time scale, 500-2500 BC. Radiocarbon, 35, 25-33.
54. Pilcher, J.R. and Baillie, M.G.L. (1978). Implications of a European radiocarbon calibration. Antiquity, 52, 217-222.
55. van der Plicht, J. (1993). The Groningen radiocarbon calibration program. Radiocarbon, 35, 231-237.
56. Quitta, H. (1967). The C14 chronology of the central and SE European neolithic. Antiquity, 41, 263-270.
57. 14C dates for tree-ring-dated bristleone pines and sequoias. In: Berger, R. and Suess, H.E. (eds), Radiocarbon Dating, pp. 545-553. University of California Press, Berkeley.
58. Ralph, E.K., Michael, H.N. and Han, M.C. (1973). Radiocarbon dates and reality. MASCA Newsletter, 9, 1-20.
59. Ramsey, C.B. (1995). OxCal Program v2.18. Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit.
60. Reinsch, C.H. (1967). Smoothing by spline function. Numerische Mathematik, 10, 177-183.
61. Renfrew, C. (1973). Before civilization: the radiocarbon revolution and prehistoric Europe. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.
62. Roberts, F.H.H. (1951) Radiocarbon dates and early man. In: Johnson, F. (ed.), Radiocarbon Dating, Society for American Archaeology, Memoirs 8, 20-21.
63. Robinson, S.W. and Thompson, G. (1981). Radiocarbon corrections for marine shell dates with application to southern Pacific northwest coast prehistory. Sysesis, 14, 45-57.
64. 14C intercomparison exercise 1990. Radiocarbon, 34, 506-519.
65. 14C and Archaeology, pp. 133-145. Council of Europe, Strasbourg.
66. Scott, E.M., Aitchison, T.C., Harkness, D.D., Bazter, M.S. and Cook, G.T. (1989). An interium progress report on stages 1 and 2 of the international collaborative program. Radiocarbon, 31, 414-421.
67. Sheppard, J.C., Hopper, J.F. and Welter, Y. (1983). Radiocarbon dating archaeologic and environmental samples containing 10 to 120 milligrams of carbon. Radiocarbon, 25, 493-500.
68. Stuiver, M. (1993). A note on single-year calibration of the radiocarbon time scale, AD 1510-1954. Radiocarbon, 35, 67-72.
69. Stuiver, M. and Becker, B. (1993). High-precision decadal calibration of the radiocarbon time scale, AD 1950-6000 BC. Radiocarbon, 35, 35-65.
70. 14C ages of marine samples to 10,000 BC. Radiocarbon, 35, 137-189.
71. Stuiver, M. and Kra, R. (eds) (1986). Calibration issue. Radiocarbon, 28, 805-1030.
72. Stuiver, M. and Pearson, G.W. (1993). High-precision calibration of the radiocarbon time scale, AD 1950-500 BC and 2500-6000 BC. Radiocarbon, 35, 1-23.
73. 14C data. Radiocarbon, 19, 355-363.
74. 14C age calibration program. Radiocarbon, 35, 215-230.
75. Stuiver, M. and Reimer, P.J. (1993b). CALIB User's Guide Rev 3.0.1. University of Washington, Quaternary Isotope Laboratory.
76. Stuiver, M. and Suess, H.E. (1966). On the relationship between radiocarbon dates and true sample ages. Radiocarbon, 8, 534-540.
77. 18O climate record of the past 16,500 years and the role of the sun, ocean, and volcanoes. Quaternary Research, 44, 341-354
78. Stuiver, M., Kra, M. and Long, A. (eds) (1993). Calibration 1993. Radiocarbon, 35, 1-244.
79. 12C change. Quaternary Research, 35, 1-24.
80. Suess, H.E. (1965). Secular variations of the cosmic-ray produced carbon 14 in the atmosphere and their interpretations. Journal of Geophysical Research, 70, 5937-5951.
81. Suess, H.E. (1968). Climatic changes, solar activity, and the cosmic-ray production rate of natural radiocarbon. Meteorological Monographs, 8, 146-150.
82. Taylor, R.E. (1987). Radiocarbon Dating: An Archaeological Perspective. Academic Press, San Diego.
83. Taylor, R.E. (1991). Frameworks for dating the late Pleistocene peopling of the Americas. In: Dillehay, T.D. and Meltzer, D.J. (eds), The First Americans: Search and Research, pp. 77-111. CRC Press, Boca Raton.
84. Taylor, R.E., Kra, R. and Long, A. (eds) (1992). Radiocarbon after Four Decades An Interdisciplinary Perspective. Springer, New York.
85. Taylor, R.E. and Slota, P.S., Jr (1979). Fraction studies on marine shell and bone samples for radiocarbon analysis. In: Berger, R. and Suess, H.E. (eds), Radiocarbon Dating, pp. 422-431. University of California Press, Berkeley.
86. Taylor, R.E., Stuiver, M. and Haynes, C.V., Jr (in press). Clovis and Folsom Age Estimates: Stratigraphic Context and Radiocarbon Calibration. Antiquity.
87. Topping, J. (1962). Errors of Observation and their Treatment. 3rd edn. Chapman and Hall, London.
88. Valladas, H. and Valladas, G. (1987). Thermoluminescnece dating of burnt flint and quartz: comparative results. Archaeometry, 29, 214-220.
89. Veeh, H.H. and Veevers, J.J. (1970). Sea level at -175m off the Great Barrier Reef 13,600 to 17,000 years ago. Nature, 226, 536-537.
90. 14C variations during the Upper Pleistocene. Radiocarbon, 25, 213-218.
91. Vogel, J.C. (1993). Pretoria calibration curve for short-lived samples, 1930-3340 BC. Radiocarbon, 35, 73-85.
92. Vogel, J.C., Fuls, A., Visser, E., cker and Becker, B. (1993). Pretoria calibration curve, 1930-3350 BC. Radiocarbon, 35, 73-85.
93. Vogel, J.C. and van der Plicht, J. (1993). Calibration curve for short-lived samples, 1900-3900 BC. Radiocarbon, 35, 87-91.
94. Vries, H. de (1958). Variations in concentration of radiocarbon with time and location on earth. Proceedings, Nederlandsche Akademie van Wetenschappen, Series B, 61, 94-102.
95. Vries, H. de (1959). Measurement and use of natural radiocarbon. In: Abelson, P. (ed.), Researches in Geochemistry, pp. 169-189. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
96. Waterbolk, H.T. (1983). The integration of radiocarbon dating in archaeology. Radiocarbon, 25, 639-644.