Runaway electrons in the atmosphere in the presence of a magnetic field

Radio Science

Volumn 31, Issue 6, 1996, Pages 1541-1554

  Gurevich, A V ^a,b,c   Valdivia, J A ^a,c   Milikh, G M ^a,c   Papadopoulos, K ^a,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND   (United States)

^b LEBEDEV PHYSICAL INSTITUTE   (Russian Federation)

^c University of Maryland   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ELECTRIC FIELDS; GAMMA RAYS; GEOMAGNETISM; MAGNETIC FIELDS; MAGNETISM; EARTH ATMOSPHERE; ELECTRONS;

COLLISION FREQUENCY; CYCLOTRON FREQUENCY; ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS; GAMMA RAY OBSERVATORIES; HIGH-LATITUDE REGIONS; RELATIVISTIC ELECTRON; STATIC ELECTRIC FIELDS; THRESHOLD CONDITION;

ELECTRIC DISCHARGES; ELECTRIC BREAKDOWN OF GASES;

RUNWAY DISCHARGE;

EID: 0030290178     PISSN: 00486604     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/96RS02441     Document Type: Article

References (15)

1. Bell, T. F., V. P. Pasko, and U. S. Inan, Runaway electrons as a source of Red Sprites in the mesosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 2127-2130, 1995.
2. Bethe, H. A., and J. Ashkin, Passage of radiations through matter, in Experimental Nuclear Physics, edited by E. Segre, pp. 166-357, John Wiley, New York 1953.
3. Connor, J. W., and R. J. Hastie, Relativistic limitation on runaway electrons, Nucl. Fusion, 15, 415-424, 1975.
4. Daniel, R. R., and S. A. Stephens, Cosmic-ray-produced electrons and gamma rays in the atmosphere, Rev. Geophys., 12, 233-258, 1974.
5. Dreicer, H., Electron and ion runaway in a fully ionized gas. II, Phys. Rev., 117, 329-342, 1960.
6. Fishman, G. J., et al., Discovery of intense gamma-ray flashes of atmospheric origin. Science, 264, 1313-1316, 1994.
7. Gurevich, On the theory of runaway electrons, Sov. Phys. JETP, Engl. Transl., 12, 904-912, 1961.
8. Gurevich, A. V., G. M. Milikh, and R. Roussel-Dupre, Runaway electron mechanism of air breakdown and preconditioning during a thunderstorm, Phys. Lett. A, 165, 463-467, 1992.
9. Gurevich, A. V., G. M. Milikh, and R. Roussel-Dupre, Nonuniform runaway air-breakdown, Phys. Lett. A, 187, 197-201, 1994.
10. Lebedev, A. N., Contribution to the theory of runaway electrons, Sov. Phys. JETP, Engl. Transl., 21, 931-933, 1965.
11. McCarthy, M. P., and G. K. Parks, On the modulation of X ray fluxes in thunderstorms, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 5857-5864, 1992.
12. Roussel-Dupre, R., and A. V., Gurevich, On runaway breakdown and upward propagating discharges, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 2297-2311, 1996.
13. Roussel-Dupre, R., A. V. Gurevich, T. Tunnel, and G. M. Milikh, Kinetic theory of runaway air breakdown, Phys. Rev. E, 49(3), 2257-2271, 1994.
14. Uman, M. A., The Lightning Discharge, Academic, San Diego, Calif., 1987.
15. Wilson, C. T. R., The acceleration of β-particles in strong electric fields such as those of thunderclouds, Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc., 22, 534-538, 1924.