메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 71, Issue 5, 1996, Pages 861-873

Constructive Biases in Social Judgment: Experiments on the Self-Verification of Question Contents

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DECISION MAKING; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN RELATION; MALE; PERCEPTION; PERSONALITY TEST; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SEMANTICS; SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY;

EID: 0030280018     PISSN: 00223514     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.71.5.861     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (46)

References (53)
  • 2
    • 0020852569 scopus 로고
    • The psychological causality implicit in language
    • Brown, R., & Fish, D. (1983). The psychological causality implicit in language. Cognition, 14, 233-274.
    • (1983) Cognition , vol.14 , pp. 233-274
    • Brown, R.1    Fish, D.2
  • 3
    • 0000707446 scopus 로고
    • Language use and language users
    • G. Lindsey & E. Aronson (Eds.), Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley
    • Clark, H. H. (1985). Language use and language users. In G. Lindsey & E. Aronson (Eds.), Handbook of social psychology (Vol. 2, pp. 179-232). Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
    • (1985) Handbook of Social Psychology , vol.2 , pp. 179-232
    • Clark, H.H.1
  • 5
    • 0343072036 scopus 로고
    • The theory and limitations of introspection
    • Dodge, R. (1912). The theory and limitations of introspection. American Journal of Psychology, 23, 214-229.
    • (1912) American Journal of Psychology , vol.23 , pp. 214-229
    • Dodge, R.1
  • 6
    • 84977286391 scopus 로고
    • Constructive processes in person cognition
    • Fiedler, K. (1993). Constructive processes in person cognition. British Journal of Social Psychology, 32, 349-364.
    • (1993) British Journal of Social Psychology , vol.32 , pp. 349-364
    • Fiedler, K.1
  • 7
    • 84963176131 scopus 로고
    • Mood and constructive effects on social judgment
    • Fiedler, K, Asbeck, J., & Nickel, S. (1991). Mood and constructive effects on social judgment. Cognition and Emotion, 5, 363-378.
    • (1991) Cognition and Emotion , vol.5 , pp. 363-378
    • Fiedler, K.1    Asbeck, J.2    Nickel, S.3
  • 8
    • 0001782347 scopus 로고
    • On the causal information conveyed by different interpersonal verbs
    • Fiedler, K., & Semin, G. R. (1988). On the causal information conveyed by different interpersonal verbs. Social Cognition, 6, 21-39.
    • (1988) Social Cognition , vol.6 , pp. 21-39
    • Fiedler, K.1    Semin, G.R.2
  • 9
    • 0002521163 scopus 로고
    • Attribution and language as a socio-cognitive environment
    • G. R. Semin & K. Fiedler (Eds.), London: Sage
    • Fiedler, K., & Semin, G. R. (1992). Attribution and language as a socio-cognitive environment. In G. R. Semin & K. Fiedler (Eds.), Language, interaction and social cognition (pp. 79-101). London: Sage.
    • (1992) Language, Interaction and Social Cognition , pp. 79-101
    • Fiedler, K.1    Semin, G.R.2
  • 10
    • 84985756872 scopus 로고
    • Language use and reification of social information: Top-down and bottom-up processing in person cognition
    • Fiedler, K., Semin, G. R., & Bolten, S. (1989). Language use and reification of social information: Top-down and bottom-up processing in person cognition. European Journal of Social Psychology, 19, 271-295.
    • (1989) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.19 , pp. 271-295
    • Fiedler, K.1    Semin, G.R.2    Bolten, S.3
  • 11
    • 0030222911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do you really know what you have seen? Intrusion errors and presupposition effects on constructive memory
    • Fiedler, K., Walther, E., Armbruster, T., Fay, D., & Naumann, U. (1996). Do you really know what you have seen? Intrusion errors and presupposition effects on constructive memory. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 32, 484-511.
    • (1996) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.32 , pp. 484-511
    • Fiedler, K.1    Walther, E.2    Armbruster, T.3    Fay, D.4    Naumann, U.5
  • 13
    • 0003086260 scopus 로고
    • Thinking lightly about others: Automatic components of the social inference process
    • J. S. Uleman & J. A. Bargh (Eds.), New York: Guilford Press
    • Gilbert, D. T. (1989). Thinking lightly about others: Automatic components of the social inference process. In J. S. Uleman & J. A. Bargh (Eds.), Unintended thought (pp. 189-211). New York: Guilford Press.
    • (1989) Unintended Thought , pp. 189-211
    • Gilbert, D.T.1
  • 14
  • 15
    • 0000534475 scopus 로고
    • Logic of conversation
    • P. Cole & J. L. Morgan (Eds.), New York: Academic Press
    • Grice, H. P. (1975). Logic of conversation. In P. Cole & J. L. Morgan (Eds.), Syntax and semantics: Vol. 3. Speech acts (pp. 41-58). New York: Academic Press.
    • (1975) Syntax and Semantics: Vol. 3. Speech Acts , vol.3 , pp. 41-58
    • Grice, H.P.1
  • 16
    • 0026477777 scopus 로고
    • Semantics and pragmatics of social influence: How affirmations and denials affect beliefs in referent propositions
    • Gruenfeld, D. H., & Wyer, R. S., Jr. (1992). Semantics and pragmatics of social influence: How affirmations and denials affect beliefs in referent propositions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62, 38-49.
    • (1992) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.62 , pp. 38-49
    • Gruenfeld, D.H.1    Wyer Jr., R.S.2
  • 17
    • 0011557220 scopus 로고
    • Psychology of pragmatic implications: Information processing between the lines
    • Harris, R. J., & Monaco, G. E. (1978). Psychology of pragmatic implications: Information processing between the lines. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 107, 1-27.
    • (1978) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.107 , pp. 1-27
    • Harris, R.J.1    Monaco, G.E.2
  • 18
    • 0002490140 scopus 로고
    • Knowledge accessibility and activation: Subjectivity and suffering from unconscious sources
    • J. S. Uleman & J. A. Bargh (Eds.), New York: Guilford Press
    • Higgins, E. T. (1989). Knowledge accessibility and activation: Subjectivity and suffering from unconscious sources. In J. S. Uleman & J. A. Bargh (Eds.), Unintended thought (pp. 75-123). New York: Guilford Press.
    • (1989) Unintended Thought , pp. 75-123
    • Higgins, E.T.1
  • 21
    • 58149417364 scopus 로고
    • On the psychology of prediction
    • Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1973). On the psychology of prediction. Psychological Review, 80, 238-251.
    • (1973) Psychological Review , vol.80 , pp. 238-251
    • Kahneman, D.1    Tversky, A.2
  • 22
    • 0002971563 scopus 로고
    • Negativity in evaluations
    • E. E. Jones, D. E. Kanouse, H. H. Kelley, R. E. Nisbett, S. Valins, & B. Weiner (Eds.), Morristown, NJ: General Learning Press
    • Kanouse, D. E., & Hansen, L. R. (1972). Negativity in evaluations. In E. E. Jones, D. E. Kanouse, H. H. Kelley, R. E. Nisbett, S. Valins, & B. Weiner (Eds.), Attribution: Perceiving the causes of behavior (pp. 47-62). Morristown, NJ: General Learning Press.
    • (1972) Attribution: Perceiving the Causes of Behavior , pp. 47-62
    • Kanouse, D.E.1    Hansen, L.R.2
  • 23
    • 0002395948 scopus 로고
    • Remembering mistaken for knowing: Ease of retrieval as a basis for confidence in answers to general knowledge questions
    • Kelley, C. M., & Lindsay, D. S. (1993). Remembering mistaken for knowing: Ease of retrieval as a basis for confidence in answers to general knowledge questions. Journal of Memory and Language, 32, 1-24.
    • (1993) Journal of Memory and Language , vol.32 , pp. 1-24
    • Kelley, C.M.1    Lindsay, D.S.2
  • 24
    • 0001636453 scopus 로고
    • Confirmation, disconfirmation, and information in hypothesis testing
    • Klayman, J., & Ha, Y. W. (1987). Confirmation, disconfirmation, and information in hypothesis testing. Psychological Review, 94, 211-228.
    • (1987) Psychological Review , vol.94 , pp. 211-228
    • Klayman, J.1    Ha, Y.W.2
  • 25
    • 0026249754 scopus 로고
    • Explanation, imagination, and confidence in judgment
    • Koehler, D. J. (1991). Explanation, imagination, and confidence in judgment. Psychological Bulletin, 110, 499-519.
    • (1991) Psychological Bulletin , vol.110 , pp. 499-519
    • Koehler, D.J.1
  • 26
    • 84937317379 scopus 로고
    • The structure of self-fulfilling and self-negating prophecies
    • Kukla, A. (1994). The structure of self-fulfilling and self-negating prophecies. Theory and Psychology, 4, 5-33.
    • (1994) Theory and Psychology , vol.4 , pp. 5-33
    • Kukla, A.1
  • 27
    • 0000845339 scopus 로고
    • Leading questions and the eyewitness report
    • Loftus, E. F. (1975). Leading questions and the eyewitness report. Cognitive Psychology, 7, 560-572.
    • (1975) Cognitive Psychology , vol.7 , pp. 560-572
    • Loftus, E.F.1
  • 28
    • 0019012084 scopus 로고
    • On the permanence of stored information in the human brain
    • Loftus, E. F., & Loftus, G. R. (1980). On the permanence of stored information in the human brain. American Psychologist, 35, 409-420.
    • (1980) American Psychologist , vol.35 , pp. 409-420
    • Loftus, E.F.1    Loftus, G.R.2
  • 29
    • 0022039891 scopus 로고
    • Misleading postevent information and memory for events: Arguments and evidence against memory impairment hypotheses
    • McCloskey, M., & Zaragoza, M. (1985). Misleading postevent information and memory for events: Arguments and evidence against memory impairment hypotheses. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 114, 1-16.
    • (1985) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.114 , pp. 1-16
    • McCloskey, M.1    Zaragoza, M.2
  • 30
    • 0002277703 scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous trait inference
    • J. S. Uleman & J. A. Bargh (Eds.), New York: Guilford Press
    • Newman, L. S., & Uleman, J. S. (1989). Spontaneous trait inference. In J. S. Uleman & J. A. Bargh (Eds.), Unintended thought (pp. 155-188). New York: Guilford Press.
    • (1989) Unintended Thought , pp. 155-188
    • Newman, L.S.1    Uleman, J.S.2
  • 32
    • 0013813860 scopus 로고
    • Category judgment: A range-frequency model
    • Parducci, A. (1965). Category judgment: A range-frequency model. Psychological Review, 72, 407-418.
    • (1965) Psychological Review , vol.72 , pp. 407-418
    • Parducci, A.1
  • 33
    • 0026229249 scopus 로고
    • Automatic vigilance: The attention-grabbing power of negative social information
    • Pratto, F., & John, O. (1991). Automatic vigilance: The attention-grabbing power of negative social information. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 380-391.
    • (1991) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.61 , pp. 380-391
    • Pratto, F.1    John, O.2
  • 34
    • 0002889540 scopus 로고
    • A schematic model of dispositional attribution in interpersonal perception
    • Reeder, G. D., & Brewer, M. B. (1979). A schematic model of dispositional attribution in interpersonal perception. Psychological Review, 86, 61-79.
    • (1979) Psychological Review , vol.86 , pp. 61-79
    • Reeder, G.D.1    Brewer, M.B.2
  • 36
    • 85047686243 scopus 로고
    • Perseverance in self-perception and social perception: Biased attribution processes in the debriefing paradigm
    • Ross, L., Lepper, M. R., & Hubbard, M. (1975). Perseverance in self-perception and social perception: Biased attribution processes in the debriefing paradigm. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 32, 880-892.
    • (1975) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.32 , pp. 880-892
    • Ross, L.1    Lepper, M.R.2    Hubbard, M.3
  • 37
    • 85047685101 scopus 로고
    • Social explanation and social expectation: Effect of real and hypothetical explanation on subjective likelihood
    • Ross, L., Lepper, M. R., Strack, F., & Steinmetz, J. (1977). Social explanation and social expectation: Effect of real and hypothetical explanation on subjective likelihood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 35, 817-829.
    • (1977) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.35 , pp. 817-829
    • Ross, L.1    Lepper, M.R.2    Strack, F.3    Steinmetz, J.4
  • 38
    • 0000523497 scopus 로고
    • The cognitive functions of linguistic categories in describing persons: Social cognition and language
    • Semin, G. R., & Fiedler, K. (1988). The cognitive functions of linguistic categories in describing persons: Social cognition and language. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 558-568.
    • (1988) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.54 , pp. 558-568
    • Semin, G.R.1    Fiedler, K.2
  • 39
    • 0003310777 scopus 로고
    • The linguistic category model, its bases, applications and range
    • Semin, G. R., & Fiedler, K. (1991). The linguistic category model, its bases, applications and range. European Review of Social Psychology, 2, 1-30.
    • (1991) European Review of Social Psychology , vol.2 , pp. 1-30
    • Semin, G.R.1    Fiedler, K.2
  • 40
    • 0002341516 scopus 로고
    • The inferential properties of interpersonal verbs
    • G. R. Semin & K. Fiedler (Eds.), London: Sage
    • Semin, G. R., & Fiedler, K. (1992). The inferential properties of interpersonal verbs. In G. R. Semin & K. Fiedler (Eds.), Language, interaction and social cognition (pp. 58-78). London: Sage.
    • (1992) Language, Interaction and Social Cognition , pp. 58-78
    • Semin, G.R.1    Fiedler, K.2
  • 41
    • 38249041853 scopus 로고
    • Information-gathering processes: Diagnosticity, hypothesis-confirmatory strategies, and perceived hypothesis confirmation
    • Skov, R. B., & Sherman, S. J. (1986). Information-gathering processes: Diagnosticity, hypothesis-confirmatory strategies, and perceived hypothesis confirmation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 22, 93-121.
    • (1986) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.22 , pp. 93-121
    • Skov, R.B.1    Sherman, S.J.2
  • 42
    • 0242300514 scopus 로고
    • Negativity and extremity biases in impression formation: A review of explanations
    • Skowronski, J. J., & Carlston, D. E. (1989). Negativity and extremity biases in impression formation: A review of explanations. Psychological Bulletin, 105, 131-142.
    • (1989) Psychological Bulletin , vol.105 , pp. 131-142
    • Skowronski, J.J.1    Carlston, D.E.2
  • 43
    • 0026729601 scopus 로고
    • Information selection and use in hypothesis testing: What is a good question, and what is a good answer?
    • Slowiaczek, L. M., Klayman, J., Sherman, S. J., & Skov, R. B. (1992). Information selection and use in hypothesis testing: What is a good question, and what is a good answer? Memory & Cognition, 20, 392-405.
    • (1992) Memory & Cognition , vol.20 , pp. 392-405
    • Slowiaczek, L.M.1    Klayman, J.2    Sherman, S.J.3    Skov, R.B.4
  • 44
    • 0002559989 scopus 로고
    • When reality monitoring fails: The role of imagination in stereotype maintenance
    • Slusher, M. P., & Anderson, C. A. (1987). When reality monitoring fails: The role of imagination in stereotype maintenance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 653-662.
    • (1987) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.52 , pp. 653-662
    • Slusher, M.P.1    Anderson, C.A.2
  • 45
    • 77957087299 scopus 로고
    • When belief creates reality
    • L. Berkowitz (Ed.), New York: Academic Press
    • Snyder, M. (1984). When belief creates reality. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 18, pp. 247-305). New York: Academic Press.
    • (1984) Advances in Experimental Social Psychology , vol.18 , pp. 247-305
    • Snyder, M.1
  • 46
    • 0001233235 scopus 로고
    • Behavioral confirmation in social interaction: From social interaction to social reality
    • Snyder, M., & Swann, W. B. (1978a). Behavioral confirmation in social interaction: From social interaction to social reality. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 14, 148-162.
    • (1978) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.14 , pp. 148-162
    • Snyder, M.1    Swann, W.B.2
  • 48
  • 49
    • 0002491344 scopus 로고
    • Confirmatory and diagnosing strategies in social information gathering
    • Trope, Y., & Bassok, M. (1982). Confirmatory and diagnosing strategies in social information gathering. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43, 22-24.
    • (1982) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.43 , pp. 22-24
    • Trope, Y.1    Bassok, M.2
  • 50
    • 0001353553 scopus 로고
    • Reasoning
    • B. Foss (Ed.), London: Penguin
    • Wason, P. C. (1966). Reasoning. In B. Foss (Ed.), New horizons in psychology (pp. 135-175). London: Penguin.
    • (1966) New Horizons in Psychology , pp. 135-175
    • Wason, P.C.1
  • 52


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.