Memory for and Experience of Differential Competitive Behavior of Individuals and Groups

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

Volumn 71, Issue 5, 1996, Pages 953-966

  Pemberton, Michael B ^a,b   Insko, Chester A ^a,b   Schopler, John ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA   (United States)

^b University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; ATTITUDE; COMPETITIVE BEHAVIOR; FEMALE; GROUP PROCESS; HUMAN; HUMAN RELATION; LEARNING; MALE; PERCEPTION; PERSONALITY; RECALL;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ATTITUDE; COMPETITIVE BEHAVIOR; FEMALE; GROUP PROCESSES; HUMANS; INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS; MALE; MENTAL RECALL; PERSONALITY; SET (PSYCHOLOGY); SOCIAL PERCEPTION;

EID: 0030277314     PISSN: 00223514     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.71.5.953     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Allport, G. W. (1985). The historical background of social psychology. In G. Lindzey & E. Aronson (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology (Vol. 1, pp. 1-46). New York: Random House.
2. Bartlett, F. C. (1932). Remembering. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
3. Chi, M. T. H., & Ceci, S. J. (1987). Content knowledge: Its role, representation, and restructuring in memory development. In H. W. Reese (Ed.), Advances in child development and behavior (Vol. 20, pp. 91-142). Orlando, FL: Academic Press.
4. Cohen, C. E. (1981). Person categories and social perception: Testing some boundaries of the processing effects of prior knowledge. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 40, 441-452.
5. Fiske, S. T. (1980). Attention and weight in person perception: The impact of negative and extreme behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38, 889-906.
6. Fiske, S. T., & Taylor, S. E. (1991). Social cognition (Vol. 2). New York: McGraw-Hill.
7. Frijda, N. H. (1988). The laws of emotion. American Psychologist, 43, 349-358.
8. Hamilton, D. L., & Gifford, R. K. (1976). Illusory correlation in interpersonal judgements involving people and issues. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 12, 392-407.
9. Hastie, R. (1981). Schematic principles on human memory. In T. E. Higgins, C. Herman, & M. P. Zanna (Eds.), Social cognition: The Ontario Symposium on Personality and Social Psychology (Vol. 1. pp. 39-88). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
10. Hoyle, R. H., Pinkley, R. L., & Insko, C. A. (1989). Perceptions of behavior: Evidence of differing expectations for interpersonal and intergroup interactions. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 15, 365-376.
11. Insko, C. A., Hoyle, R. H., Pinkley, R. L., Hong, G., Slim, R., Dalton, G., Lin, Y., Ruffin, P. P., Dardis, G. J., Bernthal, P. R., & Schopler, J. (1988). Individual-group discontinuity: The role of a consensus rule. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 24, 505-519.
12. Insko, C. A., Pinkley, R. L., Hoyle, R. H., Dalton, B., Hong, G., Slim, R., Landry, P., Holton, B., Ruffin, P. F., & Thibaut, J. (1987). Individual-group discontinuity: The role of intergroup contact. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 23, 250-267.
13. Insko, C. A., Schopler, J., Drigotas, S. M., Graetz, K., Kennedy, J., Cox, C., & Bornstein, G. (1993). The role of communication in interindividual-intergroup discontinuity. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 37, 108-138.
14. Insko, C. A., Schopler, J., Graetz, K. A., Drigotas, S. M., Currey, K. P., Smith, S. L., Brazil, D., & Bornstein, G. (1994). Interindividual-intergroup discontinuity in the Prisoner's Dilemma Game. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 38, 87-116.
15. Insko, C. A., Schopler, J., Hoyle, R. H., Dardis, G. J., & Graetz, K. A. (1990). Individual-group discontinuity as a function of fear and greed. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 68-79.
16. Insko, C. A., Schopler, J., Kennedy, J. F., Dahl, K. R., Graetz, K. A., & Drigotas, S. M. (1992). Individual-group discontinuity from the differing perspectives of Campbell's realistic group conflict theory and Tajfel and Turner's social identity theory. Social Psychology Quarterly, 55, 272-291.
17. Insko, C. A., Schopler, J., & Sedikides, C. (in press). Entitativity, loss of personal control, & evolution. In C. Sedikides, J. Schopler, & C. A. Insko (Eds.), Intergroup cognition and intergroup behavior: Toward a closer union. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
18. Jones, E. E. & Davis, K. E. (1965). From acts to dispositions: The attribution process in person perception. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 2, pp. 283-329). New York: Academic Press.
19. Jussim, L. (1991). Social perception and social reality: A reflection-construction model. Psychological Review, 98, 54-73.
20. Kahneman, D. & Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk. Econometrica, 47, 263-291.
21. Kelley, H. H., & Thibaut, J. W. (1978). Interpersonal relations. New York: Wiley.
22. Loftus, E. F., & Palmer, J. C. (1974). Reconstruction of automobile destruction: An example of the interaction between language and memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 13, 585-589.
23. Markus, H., & Zajonc, R. B. (1985). The cognitive perspective in social psychology. In G. Lindzey & E. Aronson (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology (3rd ed., pp. 137-230). New York: Random House.
24. McArthur, L. Z. & Baron, R. M. (1983). Toward an ecological theory of social perception. Psychological Review, 90, 215-238.
25. McCallum, D. M., Harring, K., Gilmore, R., Drenan, S., Chase, J., Insko, C. A., & Thibaut, J. (1985). Competition between groups and between individuals. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 21, 301-320.
26. McGuire, W. J., & McGuire, C. V. (1991). The content, structure, and operation of thought systems. In R. S. Wyer, Jr., & T. K. Srull (Eds.), Advances in social cognition (pp. 1-78). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
27. Ornstein, P. A., & Naus, M. J. (1985). Effects of the knowledge base on children's memory strategies. In H. W. Reese (Ed.), Advances in child development and behavior (Vol. 19, pp. 113-148). Orlando, FL: Academic Press.
28. Peeters, P. A., & Czapinski, J. (1990). Positive-negative asymmetry in evaluations: The distinction between affective and informational negativity effects. In W. Stroebe & M. Hewstone (Eds.), European review of social psychology (Vol. 1, pp. 33-60). Chichester, England: Academic Press.
29. Pyszcynski, T., LaPrelle, J., & Greenberg, J. (1987). Encoding and retrieval effects of general person characterizations on memory for incongruent and congruent information. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 13, 556-607.
30. Reis, H. R., & Wheeler, L. (1991). Studying social interaction with the Rochester interaction record. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 24, pp. 269-318). New York: Academic Press. .
31. Rothbart, M., Evans, M., & Fulero, S. (1979). Recall for confirming events: Memory processes and the maintenance of social stereotypes. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 15, 343-35 5.
32. Schopler, J., & Insko, C. A. (1992). The discontinuity effect in interpersonal and intergroup relations: Generality and mediation. In W. Stroebe & M. Hewstone (Eds.), European Review of Social Psychology (Vol. 3, pp. 121-151). Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons.
33. Schopler, J., Insko, C. A., Currey, D., Smith, S., Brazil, D., Riggins, T., Gaertner, L., & Kilpatrick, S. (1994). The survival of a cooperative tradition in the intergroup discontinuity context. Motivation and Emotion, 18, 301-315.
34. Schopler, J., Insko, C. A., Drigotas, S. M., Wieselquist, J., Pemberton, M., & Cox, C. (1995). The role of identifiability in the reduction of interindividual-intergroup discontinuity. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 31, 553-574.
35. Schopler, J., Insko, C. A., Graetz, K. A., Drigotas, S. M., & Smith, V. A. (1991). The generality of the individual-group discontinuity effect: Variations in positivity-negativity of outcomes, players' relative power, and magnitude of outcomes. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 17, 612-624.
36. Schopler, J., Insko, C. A., Graetz, K. A., Drigotas, S., Smith, V. A., & Dahl, K. (1993). Individual-group discontinuity: Further evidence for mediation by fear and greed. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 19, 419-431.
37. Solomon, R. L. (1980). The opponent-process theory of acquired motivation: The costs of pleasure and the benefits of pain. American Psychologist, 35, 691-112.
38. Spiro, R. J. (1977). Remembering information from text: The "State of Schema" approach. In R. C. Anderson, R. J. Spiro, & W. E. Montague (Eds.), Schooling and the acquisition of knowledge (pp. 137-165). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
39. Wyer, R. S., Bodenhausen, L. V., & Srull, T. K. (1984). The cognitive representation of persons and groups and its effect on recall and recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 20, 445-469.
40. Zadny, J., & Gerard, H. B. (1974). Attributed intentions and information selectivity. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 10, 34-52.