Attachment, Attractiveness, and Social Interaction: A Diary Study

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

Volumn 71, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 729-745

  Tidwell, Marie Cecile O ^a,d   Reis, Harry T ^b   Shaver, Phillip R ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY AT BUFFALO   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY AT BUFFALO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ANXIETY; ARTICLE; ESTHETICS; FEMALE; GENDER IDENTITY; HUMAN; HUMAN RELATION; MALE; OBJECT RELATION; PERCEPTION; PERSONALITY TEST; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ANXIETY; BEAUTY; FEMALE; GENDER IDENTITY; HUMANS; INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS; MALE; OBJECT ATTACHMENT; PERSONALITY INVENTORY; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; SOCIAL PERCEPTION;

EID: 0030267016     PISSN: 00223514     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.71.4.729     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Ainsworth, M. D. S., Blehar, M. C., Waters, E., & Wall, S. (1978). Patterns of attachment: Assessed in the strange situation and at home. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
2. Bartholomew, K. (1990). Avoidance of intimacy: An attachment perspective. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 7, 147-178.
3. Bartholomew, K., & Horowitz, L. M. (1991). Attachment styles among young adults: A test of a four-category model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 226-244.
4. Bernard, H. R., & Killworth, P. D. (1977). Informant accuracy in social network data II. Human Communication Research, 4, 3-18.
5. Berscheid, E., Snyder, M., & Omoto, A. M. (1989). The Relationship Closeness Inventory: Assessing the closeness of interpersonal relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 792-807.
6. Bowlby, J. (1982). Attachment and loss: Volume 1. Attachment (2nd ed.). New York: Basic Books.
7. Bowlby, J. (1988). A secure base. New York: Basic Books.
8. Brennan, K. A., & Shaver, P. R. (1995). Dimensions of adult attachment, affect regulation, and romantic relationship functioning. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21, 267-283.
9. Cassidy, J., & Kobak, R. (1988). Avoidance and its relation to other defensive processes. In J. Belsky & T. Neworski (Eds.), Clinical implications of attachment (pp. 300-323). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
10. Cohen, S. (1988). Psychosocial models of the role of social support in the etiology of physical disease. Health Psychology, 7, 269-297.
11. Collins, N. L., & Read, S. J. (1990). Adult attachment, working models, and relationship quality in dating couples. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 644-663.
12. Collins, N. L., & Read, S. J. (1994). Cognitive representations of attachment: The content and function of working models. In K. Bartholomew & D. Perlman (Eds.), Advances in personal relationships (Vol. 5, pp. 53-90).
13. Feeney, J. A., & Noller, P. (1990). Attachment style as a predictor of adult romantic relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 281-291.
14. Feeney, J., & Noller, P. (1991). Attachment style and verbal descriptions of romantic partners. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 8, 187-215.
15. Fiske, S. T., & Taylor, S. E. (1991). Social cognition (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
16. Griffin, D. F., & Bartholomew, K. (1994). The metaphysics of measurement: The case of adult attachment. In D. Perlman & K. Bartholomew (Eds.), Advances in personal relationships: Vol. 5. Attachment processes in adulthood (pp. 17-52). London: Jessica Kingsley.
17. Hatfield, E., & Sprecher, S. (1986). Mirror, mirror . . . The importance of looks in everyday life. Albany: State University of New York Press.
18. Hays, R. B. (1984). The development and maintenance of friendship. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 1, 75-98.
19. Hazan, C., & Hutt, M. (1994). Patterns of adaptation: Attachment differences in psychosocial functioning during the first year of college. Unpublished manuscript, Cornell University.
20. Hazan C., & Shaver, P. R. (1987). Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 511-524.
21. Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. R. (1990). Love and work: An attachment-theoretical perspective. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 270-280.
22. Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. R. (1994). Attachment as an organizational framework for research on close relationships. Psychological Inquiry, 5, 1-22.
23. Hedges, S. M., Jandorf, L., & Stone, A. A. (1985). Meaning of daily mood assessments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 428-434.
24. Hinde, R. A. (1995). A suggested structure for a science of relationships. Personal Relationships, 2, 1-15.
25. Johnson, R. J., Hobfoll, S. E., & Zalcberg-Linetzy, A. (1993). Social support knowledge and behavior and relational intimacy: A dyadic study. Journal of Family Psychology, 6, 266-277.
26. Jones, E. E., & Archer, R. L. (1976). Are there special effects of personalistic self-disclosure? Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 12, 180-193.
27. Kelley, H. H., Berscheid, E., Christensen, A., Harvey, J. H., Huston, T. L., Levinger, G., McClintock, E., Peplau, L. A., & Peterson, D. R. (1983). Close relationships. San Francisco: Freeman.
28. Kirkpatrick, L. A., & Hazan, C. (1994). Attachment styles and close relationships: A four-year prospective study. Personal Relationships, 1, 165-184.
29. Kobak, R. R., & Hazan, C. (1991). Attachment in marriage: Effects of security and accuracy of working models. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 861-869.
30. Kunce, L., & Shaver, P. R. (1994). An attachment-theoretical approach to caregiving in romantic relationships. In D. Perlman & K. Bartholomew (Eds.), Advances in personal relationships: Vol. 5. Attachment processes in adulthood (pp. 205-238). London: Jessica Kingsley.
31. Laumann, E. O., Gagnon, J. H., Michael, R. T., & Michaels, S. (1994). The social organization of sexuality. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
32. Levy, M. B., & Davis, K. E. (1988). Lovestyles and attachment styles compared: Their relations to each other and to various relationship characteristics. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 5, 439-471.
33. Main, M. (1990). Cross-cultural studies of attachment organization: Recent studies, changing methodologies, and the concept of conditional strategies. Human Development, 33, 48-61.
34. McAdams, D. P. (1989). Intimacy: The need to be close. New York: Doubleday.
35. Mikulincer, M., & Nachshon, O. (1991). Attachment styles and patterns of self-disclosure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 321-331.
36. Miller, L. C., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). Reciprocity of self-disclosure at the individual and dyadic levels: A social relations analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 713-719.
37. Nezlek, J. B. (1993). The stability of social interaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 930-941.
38. Prager, K. J. (1986). Intimacy status: Its relationship to locus of control, self-disclosure and anxiety in adults. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 12, 91-110.
39. Reis, H. T. (1990). The role of intimacy in interpersonal relations. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 9, 15-30.
40. Reis, H. T. (in press). The interpersonal context of emotion: Gender differences in intimacy and emotional support. In D. Canary & K. Dindia (Eds.), Sex differences/similarities in communication. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
41. Reis, H. T., & Franks, P. (1994). The role of intimacy and social support in health outcomes: Two processes or one? Personal Relationships, 1, 185-197.
42. Reis, H. T., & Knee, C. R. (1996). What we know, what we don't know, and what we need to know about relationship knowledge structures. In G. Fletcher & J. Fitness (Eds.), Knowledge structures and interaction in close relationships: A social psychological approach (pp. 169-191). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
43. Reis, H. T., & Patrick, B. (1996). Attachment and intimacy: Component process. In A. Kruglanski & E. T. Higgins (Eds.), Social psychology: Handbook of basic principles (pp. 523-563). (New York: Guilford.
44. Reis, H. T., & Shaver, P. (1988). Intimacy as an interpersonal process. In S. Duck (Ed.), Handbook of personal relationships (pp. 367-389). Chichester, England: Wiley.
45. Reis, H. T., & Wheeler, L. (1991). Studying social interaction with the Rochester Interaction Record. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 24, pp. 269-318). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
46. Ross, M. (1989). Relation of implicit theories to the construction of personal histories. Psychological Review, 96, 341-357.
47. Sanitioso, R., Kunda, Z., & Fong, G. T. (1990). Motivated recruitment of autobiographical memories. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 229-241.
48. Scharfe, E., & Bartholomew, K. (1994). Reliability and stability of adult attachment patterns. Personal Relationships, 1, 23-43.
49. Schwarz, N., & Strack, F. (1991). Context effects in attitude surveys: Applying cognitive theory to social research. In W. Stroebe & M. Hewstone (Eds.), European review of social psychology (Vol. 2, pp. 31-50). Chichester, England: Wiley.
50. Shaver, P. R., & Brennan, K. A. (1992). Attachment styles and the "big five" personality traits: Their connections with each other and with romantic relationship outcomes. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18, 536-545.
51. Shaver, P. R., & Clark, C. L. (1994). The psychodynamics of adult romantic attachment. In J. M. Masling & R. F. Bornstein (Eds.), Empirical perspectives on object relations theory (pp. 105-156). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
52. Shaver, P. R., Collins, N., & Clark, C. L. (1996). Attachment styles and internal working models of self and relationship partners. In G. Fletcher & J. Fitness (Eds.), Knowledge structures and interaction in close relationships: A social psychological approach (pp. 25-61). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
53. Shaver, P. R., Schwartz, J., Kirson, D., & O'Connor, C. (1987). Emotion knowledge: Further exploration of a prototype approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 1061-1086.
54. Simpson, J. A. (1990). The influence of attachment styles on romantic relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 971-980.
55. Simpson, J. A., Rholes, W. S., & Nelligan, J. (1992). Support seeking and support giving within couples in an anxiety-provoking situation: The role of attachment styles. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62, 434-446.
56. Sroufe, L. A., & Waters, E. (1977). Attachment as an organizational construct. Child Development, 48, 1184-1199.
57. van Ijzendoorn, M. H. (1995). Adult attachment representations, parental responsiveness, and infant attachment: A meta-analysis on the predictive validity of the adult attachment interview. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 387-403.
58. Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 1063-1070.
59. Wheeler, L., & Nezlek, J. (1977). Sex differences in social participation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 35, 742-754.
60. Wheeler, L., Reis, H., & Nezlek, J. (1983). Loneliness, social interaction, and sex roles. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 943-953.
61. Winer, B. J. (1971). Statistical principles in experimental design (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
62. Wortman, C. B., Adesman, P., Herman, E., & Greenberg, R. (1976). Self-disclosure: An attributional perspective. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 33, 184-191.