Body temperatures of free-living african penguins (Spheniscus demersus) and bank cormorants (Phalacrocorax neglectus)

Journal of Experimental Biology

Volumn 199, Issue 10, 1996, Pages 2215-2223

  Wilson, Rory P ^a   Grémillet, David ^a,b  

^a GEOMAR HELMHOLTZ CENTRE FOR OCEAN RESEARCH KIEL   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN   (South Africa)

Author keywords

African penguin; body temperature; demersus; energetics; foraging; hank cormorant; Phalacrocorax neglectus; Spheniscus; thermoregulation

Indexed keywords

WATER;

ANIMAL; BIRD; BODY TEMPERATURE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; EXERCISE; IMMERSION; MUSCLE; PHYSIOLOGY; REVIEW; SPECIES DIFFERENCE; SWIMMING; THERMOREGULATION;

ANIMALS; BIRDS; BODY TEMPERATURE; BODY TEMPERATURE REGULATION; EXERTION; IMMERSION; MUSCLES; SPECIES SPECIFICITY; SWIMMING; WATER;

EID: 0030266336     PISSN: 00220949     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (38)

1. ASHOFF, J. (1981). Thermal conductance in mammals and birds: its dependence on body size and circadian phase. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A 69, 611-619.
2. ASHMOLE, N. P. AND ASHMOLE, M. J. (1967). Comparative feeding ecology of seabirds of a tropical oceanic island. Peabody Mus. nat. Hist. Bull. 24, 1-131.
3. BANNASCH, R., WILSON, R. P. AND CULIK, B. (1994). Hydrodynamic aspects of design and attachment of a back-mounted device in penguins. J. exp. Biol. 194, 83-96.
4. BEZZEL, E. AND PRINZINGER, R. (1990). Ornithologie. Stuttgart: Verlag Eugen Ulmer. 552pp.
5. COOPER, J. (1972). Sexing the Jackass Penguin. Safring News 1, 23-25.
6. COOPER, J. (1981). Pelagic birds and mammals of the southern Benguela region. Trans R. Soc. S. Afr. 44, 373-378.
7. COOPER, J. (1985). Biology of the Bank Cormorant, part 2: Morphometrics, plumage, bare parts and moult. Ostrich 56, 79-85.
8. CULIK, B. M., PÜTZ, K., WILSON, R. P., BOST, C. A., LE MAHO, Y. AND VERSELIN, J.-L. (1996). Core temperature variability in diving king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonious): a preliminary analysis. Polar Biol. 16, 371-378.
9. DAWSON, W. R. AND HULBERT, A. J. (1970). Standard metabolism, body temperature and surface areas of Australian marsupials. Am. J. Physiol. 218, 1233-1238.
10. DRENT, R. H. AND STONEHOUSE, B. (1971). Thermoregulatory responses of the Peruvian Penguin Spheniscus humboldti. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A 40, 689-710.
11. DUFFY, D. C., WILSON, R. P., RICKLEFS, R. E., STEPHEN, C. B. AND VELDHUIS, H. (1987). Penguins and purse seiners: Competition or coexistence? Nat. geogr. Res. 3, 480-488.
12. DYCK, A. P. AND MACARTHUR, R. A. (1992). Seasonal patterns of body temperature and activity in free-ranging beaver (Castor canadensis). Can. J. Zool. 70, 1668-1672.
13. ECKMAN, V. W. (1905). On the influence of the earth's rotation on ocean-currents. Ark. Math. Astrom. Fys. 2, 1-53.
14. FROST, P. G. H., SIEGFRIED, W. R. AND BURGER, A. E. (1976). Behavioural adaptations of the Jackass Penguin Spheniscus demersus to a hot arid environment. J. Zool., Lond. 179, 165-187.
15. GALLIVAN, G. J. (1979). Temperature regulation in freely diving harp seals (Phoca groenlandica). Can. J. Zool. 57, 2256-2263.
16. HEINRICH, B. (1977). Why have some animals evolved to regulate a high body temperature? Am. Nat. 111, 623-639.
17. HENNEMANN, W. W. (1983). Environmental influences on the energetics and behavior of Anhingas and Double-crested Cormorants. Physiol. Zool. 56, 201-216.
18. LAUGKSCH, R. C. (1989). An assessment of the use of the Jackass Penguin as a sampler of the marine environment. MSc thesis, University of Cape Town. 132pp.
19. NAGY, K. A., SIEGFRIED, W. R. AND WILSON, R. P. (1984). Energy utilisation by free-ranging Jackass Penguins, Spheniscus demersus. Ecology 65, 1648-1655.
20. RAND, R. W. (1960). The Biology of Guano-producing Seabirds, chapter 3: The distribution, abundance and feeding habits of the Cormorants Phalacrocoracidae off the south-western coast of the Cape province. Division of Fisheries, Investigational Report 42. 32pp.
21. REINERTEN, R. E. AND HAFTORN, S. (1986). Different metabolic strategies of northern birds for nocturnal survival. J. comp. Physiol B 156, 655-663.
22. RIJKE, A. M. (1968). The water repellency and feather structure of cormorants, Phalacrocoracidae. J. exp. Biol. 48, 185-189.
23. SCHMIDT-NIELSEN, K. (1963). Osmotic regulation in higher vertebrates. Harvey Lect. 58, 53-93.
24. SCHMIDT-NIELSEN, K. (1982). Animal Physiology: Adaptation and Environment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
25. SCHMIDT-NIELSEN, K. (1995). Animal Physiology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
26. SCHULZE, B. R. (1965). Climate of South Africa, part 8, General Survey W. B. 28. Pretoria, South Africa: Government Printer and Weather Bureau.
27. SHERER, J. AND WUNDER, B. A. (1979). Thermoregulation of a semiaquatic mammal, the muskrat, in air and water. Acta theriol. 24, 249-256.
28. WALKER, N. D., TAUNTON-CLARK, J. AND PUGH, J. (1984). Sea temperatures off the southern african west coast as indicators of Benguela warm events. S. Afr. J. Sec. 80, 72-77
29. WHITTOW, G. C. (1986). Regulation of body temperature. In Avian Physiology (ed. P. D. Sturkie), pp. 221-250. Heidelberg: Springer Verlag.
30. WILSON, R. P. (1984). An improved stomach pump for penguins and other seabirds. J. Field Orn. 55, 109-112.
31. WILSON, R. P., COOPER, J. AND PLÖTZ, J. (1992a). Can we determine when marine endotherms feed? A case study with seabirds. J. exp. Biol. 167, 267-275.
32. WILSON, R. P., HUSTLER, K., RYAN, P. G., BURGER, A. E. AND NÖLDEKE, E. C. (1992b) Diving birds in cold water: Do Archimedes and Boyle determine energetic costs? Am. Nat. 140, 179-200.
33. WILSON, R. P., PÜTZ, K., BOST, C., CULIK, B. M., BANNASCH, R., REINS, T. AND ADELUNG, D. (1993). Diel dive depth in penguins in relation to diel vertical migration of prey: Whose dinner by candlelight? Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 94, 101-104.
34. WILSON, R. P., PÜTZ, K., GRÉMILLET, D., CULIK, B. M., KIERSPEL, M., REGEL, J., BOST, C. A., LAGE, J. AND COOPER, J. (1995). Reliability of stomach temperature changes in determining feeding characteristics of seabirds. J. exp. Biol. 198, 1115-1135.
35. WILSON, R. P. AND WILSON, M.-P. (1989). Tape: A package-attachment technique for penguins. Wild. Soc. Bull. 17, 77-79.
36. WILSON, R. P. AND WILSON, M.-P. (1990). Foraging ecology of breeding Spheniscus penguins. In Penguin Biology. San Diego: Academic Press. Inc., pp. 181-206.
37. WOAKES, A. J., BUTLER, P. J. AND BEVAN, R. M. (1995). Implantable data logging system for heart rate and body temperature: its application to the estimation of field metabolic rates in Antarctic predators. Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 33, 145-151.
38. WOAKES, A. J., BUTLER, P. J., BEVAN, R. M. AND BOYD, I. L. (1992). The metabolic rate of free-ranging Antarctic animals. Biotelemetry XII, 213-223.