Astrocyte reactivity in neonatal mice: Apparent dependence on the presence of reactive microglia/macrophages

GLIA

Volumn 18, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 11-26

  Balasingam, Vijayabalan ^a   Dickson, Kathleen ^a   Brade, Anthony ^a   Yong, Voon Wee ^a  

^a MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Astrogliosis; Cytokine; Glia; Trauma

Indexed keywords

CD11B ANTIGEN; GLIAL FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN; MESSENGER RNA;

AGING; ANIMAL; ARTICLE; ASTROCYTE; BIOSYNTHESIS; BRAIN; BRAIN INJURY; CYTOLOGY; FEMALE; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; MACROPHAGE; MALE; METABOLISM; MICROGLIA; MOUSE; MOUSE STRAIN; NEWBORN; PATHOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; ULTRASTRUCTURE;

AGING; ANIMALS; ANIMALS, NEWBORN; ASTROCYTES; BRAIN; BRAIN INJURIES; FEMALE; GLIAL FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; MACROPHAGE-1 ANTIGEN; MACROPHAGES; MALE; MICE; MICE, INBRED STRAINS; MICROGLIA; RNA, MESSENGER;

EID: 0030250611     PISSN: 08941491     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1136(199609)18:1<11::AID-GLIA2>3.0.CO;2-6     Document Type: Article

References (78)

1. Amaducci, L., Forno, K.I., and Eng, L.F. (1981) Glial fibrillary acidic protein in cryogenic lesions of the rat brain. Neurosci. Lett., 21:27-32.
2. Anders, J.J. and Johnson, J.A. (1990) Transection of the rat olfactory nerve increases glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity from the olfactory bulb to the piriform cortex. Glia, 3:17-25.
3. Aquino, D.A., Chiu, F.C., Brosnan, C.F., and Norton, W.T. (1988) Glial fibrillary acidic protein increases in spinal cord of Lewis rats with acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J. Neurochem., 51:1085-1096.
4. Balasingam, V. and Yong, V.W. (1996) Attenuation of astroglial reactivity by interleukin-10. J. Neurosci., 16:2945.
5. Balasingam, V., Tejada-Berges, T., Wright, E., Bouckova, R., and Yong, V.W. (1994) Reactive astrogliosis in the neonatal mouse brain and its modulation by cytokines. J. Neurosci., 14:846-856.
6. Ban, E.M., Sarlieve, L.L., and Haour, F.G. (1993) Interleukin-1 binding sites on astrocytes. Neuroscience, 52:725-733.
7. Beller, D.I., Springer, T.A., and Schreiber, R.D. (1982) Anti-Mac-1 inhibits the mouse and human type three complement receptor. J. Exp. Med., 156:1000-1009.
8. Berry, M., Maxwell, W.L., Logan, A., Matthewson, A., McConnel, P., Ashhurst, D.E., and Thomas, G.H. (1983) Deposition of scar tissue in the central nervous system. Acta Neurochir. Suppl., 32:31-35.
9. Bignami, A. and Dahl, D. (1974) Astrocyte specific protein and neuroglial differentiation. An immunofluorescence study with antibodies to the glial fibrillary acidic protein. J. Comp. Neurol., 153:27-38.
10. Bignami, A. and Dahl, D. (1976) The astroglial response to stabbing: Immunofluorescence studies with antibodies to astrocyte-specific protein (GFA) in mammalian and submammalian vertebrates. Neuropathol App. Neurobiol., 2:99-110.
11. Bovolenta, P., Liem, R.K., and Mason, C.A. (1984) Development of cerebellar astroglia: Transitions in form and cytoskeletal content. Dev. Biol., 102:248-259.
12. Brosnan, C.F., Litwak, M.S., Schroeder, C.E., Selmaj, K., Raine, C.S., and Arezzo, J.C. (1989) Preliminary studies of cytokine-induced functional effects on the visual pathways in the rabbit. J. Neuroimmunol., 25:227-239.
13. Bruck, W. and Friede, R.L. (1990) Anti-macrophage CR3 antibody blocks myelin phagocytosis by macrophage in vitro. Acta Anat., 140:250-253.
14. Canady, K.S. and Rubel, E.W. (1992) Rapid and reversible astrocytic reaction to afferent activity blockade in chick cochlear nucleus. J. Neurosci., 12:1001-1009.
15. Cheng, H.-W., Jiang, T., Brown, S.A., Pasinetti, G.M., Finch, C.E., and McNeil, T.H. (1994) Response of striatal astrocytes to neuronal deafferentation: An immunocytochemical and ultrastructural study. Neuroscience, 62:425-439.
16. da Cunha, A., Jefferson, J.J., Tyor, W.R., Glass, J.D., Jannotta, F.S., and Vitkovic, L. (1993) Control of astrocytosis by interleukin-1 and transforming growth factor-beta 1 in human brain. Brain Res., 631:39-45.
17. Eclancher, F., Perraud, F., Faltin, J., Labourdette, G., and Sensenbrenner, M. (1990) Reactive astrogliosis after basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) injection in neonatal rat brain. Glia, 3:502-509.
18. Eng, L.F., D'Amelio, F.E., and Smith, M.E. (1989) Dissociation of GFAP intermediate filaments in EAE: Observations in the lumbar spinal cord. Glia, 2:308-317.
19. Flotte, T.J., Springer, T.A., and Thorbecke, G.J. (1983) Dentritic cell and macrophage staining by monoclonal antibodies in tissue sections and epidermal sheets. Am. J. Pathol., 111:112-124.
20. Giulian, D. (1987) Ameboid microglia as effectors of inflammation in the central nervous system. J. Neurosci. Res., 18:155-171.
21. Giulian, D. and Robertson, C. (1990) Inhibition of mononuclear phagocytes reduce ischemic injury in the spinal cord. Ann. Neurol., 27:33-42.
22. Giulian, D. and Vaca, K. (1993) Inflammatory glia mediate delayed neuronal damage after ischemia in the central nervous system. Stroke, 24:184-190.
23. Giulian, D., Woodward, J., Yong, D.G., Krebs, J.F., and Lachman, L.B. (1988) Interleukin-1 injected into mammalian brain stimulates astrogliosis and neovascularization. J. Neurosci., 8:2485-2490.
24. Gomi, H., Yokoyama, T., Fujimoto, K., Ikeda, T., Katoh, A., Itoh, T., and Itohara, S. (1995) Mice devoid of the glial fibrillary acidic protein develop normally and are susceptible to scarpie prions. Neuron, 14:29-41.
25. Goodlett, C.R., Leo, J.T., O'Callaghan, J.P., Mahoney, J.C., and West, J.R. (1993) Transient cortical astrogliosis induced by alcohol exposure during the neonatal brain growth spurt in rats. Dev. Brain Res., 72:85-97.
26. Hatten, M.E., Liem, R.K.H., Shelanski, M.L., and Mason, C.A. (1991) Astroglia in CNS injury. Glia, 4:233-243.
27. Hozumi, I., Chiu, F.C., and Norton, W.T. (1990a) Biochemical and immunohistochemical changes in glial fibrillary acidic protein after stab wounds. Brain Res., 524:64-71.
28. Hozumi, I., Aquino, D.A., and Norton, W.T. (1990b) GFAP mRNA levels following stab wounds in rat brain. Brain Res., 534:291-294.
29. Ip, N.Y., Wiegand, S.J., Morse, J., and Rudge, J.S. (1993) Injury induced regulation of ciliary neurotrophic factor mRNA in the adult rat brain. Eur. J. Neurosci., 5:25-33.
30. Kitamura, T., Hattori, H., and Fujita, S. (1972) Autoradiographic studies on histogenesis of brain macrophages in the mouse. J. Neuropathol Exp. Neurol., 31:502-518.
31. Kliot, M., Smith, G.M., Siegal, J.D., and Silver, J. (1990) Astrocytepolymer implants promote regeneration of dorsal root fibers into the adult mammalian spinal cord. Exp. Neurol., 109:57-69.
32. Landis, D.M.D. (1994) The early reactions of non-neuronal cells to brain injury. Annu. Rev. Neurosci., 17:133-151.
33. Ling, E.A., Paterson, J.A., Privat, A., Mori, S., and Leblond, C.P. (1973) Investigations of glial cells in semithin sections. I. Identification of glial cells in the brain of young rats. J. Comp. Neurol., 149:43-71.
34. Liuzzi, F.J. and Lasek, R.J. (1987) Astrocytes block axonal regeneration in mammals by activating the physiological stop pathway. Science, 237:642-645.
35. Malloch, G.D., Clark, J.B., and Burnet, F.R. (1987) Glial fibrillary acidic portein in the cytoskeletal and soluble protein fractions of the developing rat brain. J. Neurochem., 48:299-306.
36. Matsumoto, Y., Watabe, K., and Zkuta, F. (1985) Immunohistochemical study on neuroglia identified by the monoclonal antibody against a macrophage differentiation antigen (Mac-1). J. Neuroimmunol., 9:379-389.
37. Matthewson, A.J. and Berry, M. (1985) Observations on the astrocyte response to a cerebral stab wound in adult rats. Brain Res., 327:61-69.
38. Maxwell, W.L., Follows, R., Ashhurst, D.E., and Berry, M. (1990a) The response of the cerebral hemisphere of the rat to injury. I. The mature rat. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. [Biol.], 328:479-500.
39. Maxwell, W.L., Follows, R., Ashhurst, D.E., and Berry, M. (1990b) The response of the cerebral hemisphere of the rat to injury. II.The neonatal rat. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. [Biol.], 328:501-513.
40. MacMillan, M.K., Thai, L., Hsong, J.-S., O'Callaghan, J.P., and Pennypacker, K.R. (1994) Brain injury in a dish: A model for reactive gliosis. TIN, 17:138-142.
41. Nathaniel, E.J. and Nathaniel, D.R. (1981) The reactive astrocyte. Adv. Cell. Neurobiol., 2:249-301.
42. Needels, D.L., Nieto-Sampedro, M., and Cotman, C.W. (1986) Induction of a neurite-promoting factor in rat brain following injury or deafferentation. Neuroscience, 18:517-526.
43. Nieto-Sampedro, M. and Berman, M.A. (1987) Interleukin-1 like activity in rat brain: Sources, targets, and effect of injury. J. Neurosci. Res., 17:214-219.
44. Nieto-Sampedro, M. and Chandy, K.G. (1987) Interleukin-2 like activity in the injured rat brain. Neurochem. Res., 12:723-727.
45. Nieto-Sampedro, M., Lewis, E.R., Cotman, C.W., Manthrope, M., Skaper, S.D., Barbin, G., Longo, F.M., and Varon, S. (1982) Brain injury causes a time-independent increase in neurotrophic activity at the lesion site. Science, 217:860-861.
46. Nieto-Sampedro, M., Manthrope, M., Barbin, G., Varon, S., and Cotman, C.W. (1983) Injury-induced neuronotrophic activity in adult rat brain: Correlation with survival of delayed implants in the wound cavity. J. Neurosci., 3:2219-2229.
47. Norenberg, M.D. (1994) Astrocyte responses to CNS injury. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol., 53:213-220.
48. Norton, W.T., Aquino, D.A., Hozumi, I., Chiu, F.C., and Brosnan, C.F. (1992) Quantitative aspects of reactive astrogliosis: A review. Neurochem. Res., 17:877-885.
49. Ohno, M., Higashi, Y., and Kinuko, S. (1992) Microglial cell response to neuronal degeneration in the brain of brindled mouse. Dev. Brain Res., 67:37-45.
50. Parnavelas, J.G., Luder, R., Pollard, S.G., and Sullivan, K. (1983) A qualitative and quantitative ultrastructural study of glial cells in the developing visual cortex of the rat. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. [Biol.], 301:55-84.
51. Pekny, M., Levéen, P., Pekna, M., Eliasson, C., Berthold, C.-H., Westermark, B., and Betsholtz, C. (1995) Mice lacking glial fibrillary acidic protein display astrocytes devoid of intermediate filaments but develop and reproduce normally. EMBO J., 14:1590-1598.
52. Perry, V.H., Hume, D.A., and Gordon, S. (1985) Immunohistochemical localization of macrophages and microglia in the adult and development mouse brain. Neuroscience, 15:313-326.
53. Perry, V.H., Anderson, P.B., and Gordon, S. (1993) Macrophage and inflammation in the central nervous system. TIN, 16:268-273.
54. Peters, A., Palay, S.L., and Webster, H. deF. (1991) The Fine Structure of the Nervous System: Neurons and their Supporting Cells. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press, New York.
55. Raju, T., Bignami, A., and Dahl, D. (1981) In vivo and in vitro differentiation of neurons and astrocytes in the rat embryo. Immunofluorescence study with neurofilament and glial filament antisera. Dev. Biol., 85:344-357.
56. Reier, P.J., Stensaas, L.J., and Guth, L. (1983) The astrocytic scar as an impediment to regeneration in the central nervous system. In: Fundamentals of Spinal Cord Reconstruction. C.C. Kao, R.P. Bunge, and P.J. Reier, eds. Raven Press, New York, p. 163.
57. Rudge, J.S., Smith, G.M., and Siver, J. (1989) An in vitro model of wound healing in the CNS: Analysis of cell reaction and interaction at different ages. Exp. Neurol., 103:1-16.
58. Rubio, N. and de Felipe, C. (1991) Demonstration of the presence of a specific interferon-receptor on murine astrocyte cell surface. N. Neuroimmunol., 35:111-117.
59. Sanchez-Madrid, F., Simon, P., Thompson, S., and Springer, T.A. (1983) Mapping of antigenic and functional epitopes on the alpha- and beta-subunits of two related mouse glycoproteins involved in cell interactions, LFA-1 and Mac-1. J. Exp. Med., 158:586-602.
60. Sawada, M., Itoh, Y., Suzumura, A., and Marunouchi, T. (1993) Expression of cytokine receptors in cultured neuronal and glial cells. Neurosci. Lett., 160:131-134.
61. Schiffer, D., Giordana, M.T., Migheli, A., Giaccone, G., Pezzotta, S., and Mauro, A. (1986) Glial fibrillary acidic protein and vimentin in the experimental glial reaction of the rat brain. Brain Res., 374:110-118.
62. Shebab, S.A.S., Cronly-Dillon, J.R., Nona, S.N., and Stafford, C.A. (1990) Preferential histochemical staining of protoplasmic and fibrous astrocytes in rat CNS with GFAP antibodies using different fixatives. Brain Res., 518:347-352.
63. Silver, J. and Ogawa, M.Y. (1983) Postnatally induced formation of the corpus callosum in accallosal mice on glia-coated cellulose bridges. Science, 220:1067-1069.
64. Smith, G.M., Miller, R.H., and Silver, J. (1986) Changing role of forebrain astrocytes during development, regenerative failure, and induced regeneration upon transplantation. J. Comp. Neurol., 251:23-43.
65. Springer, T.A., Galfre, G., Secher, D.S., and Milstein, C. (1979) Mac-1: A macrophage differentiation antigen identified by monoclonal antibody. Eur. J. Immunol., 9:301-306.
66. Streit, W.J. and Kreutzberg, G.W. (1988) Response of endogenous glial cells to motor neuron degeneration induced by toxic ricin. J. Comp. Neurol., 268:248-263.
67. Sumi, S.M. and Hager, H. (1968) Electron microscopic study of the reaction of the newborn rat brain to injury. Acta Neuropathol., 10:324-335.
68. Tada, M., Diserens, A.C., Desbaillets, I., and de Tribolet, N. (1994) Analysis of cytokine receptor messenger RNA expression in human glioblastoma cells and normal astrocytes by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. J. Neurosurg., 80:1063-1073.
69. Tardy, M., Fages, C., Le Prince, G., Rolland, B., and Nunez, J. (1990) Regulation of the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and of its encoding mRNA in the development brain and in cultured astrocytes. In: Molecular Aspects of Development and Aging of the Nervous System. J.M. Lauder, ed. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 41-52.
70. Taupin, V., Toulmond, S., Serrano, A., Benavides, J., and Zavala, F. (1993) Increase in IL-6, IL-1, and TNF levels in rat brain following traumatic lesion. Influence of pre- and post-traumatic treatments with Ro5 4864, a peripheral-type (p site) benzodiazepine ligand. J. Neuroimmunol., 42:177-186.
71. Trimmer, P.A. and Wunderlich, R.E. (1990) Changes in astroglial scar formation in rat optic nerve as a function of development. J. Comp. Neurol., 296:359-378.
72. Vaughan, D.W. (1984) The structure of neuroglial cells. In: Cerebral Cortex, Vol. 2, Functional Properties of Cortical Cells. E.G. Jones and A. Peters, eds. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 285-329.
73. Vijayan, V.K., Lee, Y.L., and Eng, L.F. (1990) Increase in glial fibrillary acidic protein following neural trauma. Mol. Chem. Neuropathol., 13:107-118.
74. Watts, R.G., Wright, J.L., Atkinson, L.L., and Merchant, R.E. (1989) Histopathological and blood-brain-barrier changes in rats induced by an intracerebral injection of human recombinant interleukin-2. Neurosurgery, 25:202-208.
75. Woodroofe, M.N., Sarna, G.S., Wadhwa, M., Hayes, G.M., Loughlin, A.J., Tinker, A., and Cuzner, M.L. (1991) Detection of interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 in adult rat brain, following mechanical injury, by in vivo microdialysis: Evidence of a role for microglia in cytokine production. J. Neuroimmunol., 33:227-236.
76. Yong, V.W. (1996) Cytokines and diseases: Astrogliosis and neurotrophism following CNS trauma. In: Cytokines and the CNS: Development, Defense and Disease. E.N. Benveniste and R.M. Ransohoff, eds. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp. 309-327.
77. Yong, V.W. and Balasingam, V. (1995) Determining the contribution of cytokines as mediators of reactive astrogliosis. In: Neuroimmunology, Vol. 24, Methods in Neuroscience. M.I. Phillips and D. Evans, eds. Academic Press, San Diego, California, pp. 220-235.
78. Yong, V.W., Moumdjian, R., Yong, F.P., Ruijs, T.C.G., Freedman, M.S., Cashman, N., Antel, J.P. (1991) Gamma-interferon promotes proliferation of adult human astrocytes in vitro and reactive gliosis in the adult mouse brain in vivo. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88:7016-7020.