On the performance characterization of ultrasonic air transducers with radiating membranes

IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control

Volumn 43, Issue 5, 1996, Pages 858-863

  Mitra, Rupa ^a  

^a NATIONAL PHYSICAL LABORATORY   (India)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACOUSTIC IMPEDANCE; INTERFEROMETRY; LASER MODE LOCKING; MEMBRANES; PIEZOELECTRIC DEVICES; RESONANCE; SENSORS;

PHASE LOCKED LASER INTERFEROMETRY TECHNIQUE; RESONATING PIEZOELECTRIC DISK;

ULTRASONIC TRANSDUCERS;

EID: 0030242769     PISSN: 08853010     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/58.535487     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. T. YanoM. Tone, and A. Fukumoto, "Range finding and surface characterization using high frequency air transducers," IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., FreiJ., Cunir., vol. UFFC-34, pp. 232-236, 1987.
2. G. Kossoff"The effects of backing and matching on the performance of piezoelectric ceramic transducers," IEEE Trans. Sorties Ultrason., vol. SU-13, no. 1, pp. 20-30, 1966.
3. J. Kritz"A high frequency transducer for transmission to air," IRE Trans. Ultrason. Eng., vol. UE-10, pp. 14-19, 1961.
4. A. Barone and J. A. G. Juarez"Flexural vibrating free-edge plates with stepped thickness for generating high directional ultrasonic radiation," J. Aroust. Snc. Amer., vol. 51, pp. 953-959, 1972.
5. M. Babic"A 200-kHz ultrasonic transducer coupled to the air with a radiating membrane," IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelecî., Freq. Contr., vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 252-255, 1991.
6. R. A. Smith"The calibration of hydrophones for use in medical ultrasonic fields-A review," NPLRep., vol. AC-108. Sept. 1986.
7. L. E. Drain and B. C. Moss"An improvement and evaluation of a laser interferometer for the absolute measurement of displacements in ultrasonic vibrations up to 15 MHz," NPL Rep., vol. AERE G 3525, Mar. 1988.
8. T. K. Saksena et ai"Study on low amplitude vibrations in air of an ultrasonic transducer with a phase locked laser interferometer," Ind. J. Pure Appl Phys., vol. 30, pp. 733-739, 1992.
9. J. H. Speake"An absolute method of calibrating ultrasonic transducers using laser interferometry," in Proc. Conf. Evaluation and Calibration of Ultrasonic Transducers, London, May 1977, pp. 106-114.
10. D. R. Bacon"Primary calibration of ultrasonic hydrophones using optical interferometry," lEEETrans. Ultrason., Ferroelect.,Freq. Contr., vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 152-161, 1988.
11. L. E. Drain and B. C. Moss"The frequency shifting of laser light by electro-optic technique," Opto-eleclron., vol. 4, pp. 429-439, 1972.
12. C. F. BuhrerL. R. Bloom, and D. H. Baird, "Electro-optic light modulation with cubic crystals," Appl. Opt., vol. 2, no. 8, pp. 839-846, 1963.
13. E. G. RichardsonTechnical Aspects of Sound, vol. II. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1957, p. 69.
14. W. P. Mason"Properties of transducer materials," in American Institute of Physics Handbook, R. K. Cook, Ed. NBS: ch. 3g.
15. L. E. Kinsler and A. R. FreyFundamentals of Acoustics, 2nd ed. New York: Wilcy, 1962, p. 103.
16. L. RayleighTheory of Sound. New York: Dover, 1945, p. 330.
17. R. E. GasbellEngineering Mathematics. New York: Dryden, 1958, eh. 8, pp. 286-288.
18. E. A. G. Shaw"On the resonant vibrations of thick barium titanate disks," J. Acoust. i'oc. Amer., vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 38-50, 1956.
19. W. J. Trott"Underwater sound transducer calibration from nearfield data," J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., vol. 36, no. 8, pp. 1557-1568, 1964.