The transient optical Kerr effect of simple liquids studied with an ultrashort laser with variable pulsewidth

IEEE Journal on Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics

Volumn 2, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 756-768

  Huang, Tzer Hsiang ^a,f,g,h,i,j   Hsu, Chia Chen ^a,k   Wei, Tai Huei ^a   Chang, Springfield ^a,b   Yen, Shih Ming ^a   Tsai, Chi Pin ^a   Liu, Ray Tang ^a   Kuo, Chie Tong ^c   Tse, Wan Sun ^d   Chia, Chihta ^d,e  

^a NATIONAL CHUNG CHENG UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^b NATIONAL CENTRAL UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^c NATIONAL SUN YAT SEN UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^d INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS   (Taiwan)

^e NATIONAL TAIWAN NORMAL UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^f OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^g SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^h XEROX RESEARCH CENTRE OF CANADA   (Canada)

ⁱ NATIONAL CHIAO TUNG UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^j UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^k UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA   (United States)

more..

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LASER PULSES; MOLECULAR DYNAMICS; OPTICAL KERR EFFECT; PROBES; SEMICONDUCTOR LASERS;

MOLECULAR LIQUIDS; TRANSIENT RESPONSE; VIBRATIONAL QUANTUM BEATS;

LIQUIDS;

EID: 0030229997     PISSN: 1077260X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/2944.571777     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. R. L. Fork, B. I. Greene, and C. V. Shank, "Generation of optical pulses shorter than 0.1 psec by colliding pulse mode locking," Appl. Phys. Lett. vol. 38, pp. 671-672, 1981.
2. R. L. Fork, C. V. Shank, R. Yen, and C. A. Hirlimann, "Femtosecond optical pulses," IEEE J. Quantum Electron, vol. QE-19, pp. 500-505, 1983.
3. R. L. Fork, C. H. Brito Cruz, P. C. Becker, and C. V. Shank, "Compression of optical pulses to six femtoseconds by using cubic phase compensation," Opt. Lett., vol. 12, pp. 483-485, 1987.
4. P. C. Becker, H. L. Fragnito, J. Y. Bigot, C. H. Brito Cruz, R. L. Fork, and C. V. Shank, "Femtosecond photon echoes from molecules in solution," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 63, pp. 505-507, 1989.
5. H. L. Fragnito, J.-Y. Bigot, P. C. Becker, and C. V. Shank, "Evolution of the vibronic absorption spectrum in molecule following impulsive excitation with a 6 fs optical pulse," Chem. Phys. Lett., vol. 160, pp. 101-104, 1989.
6. D. E. Spence, P. N. Kean, and W. Sibbett, "60-fsec pulse generation from a self-mode-locked Ti: sapphire laser," Opt. Lett., vol. 16, pp. 42-44, 1991.
7. 3," Opt. Lett., vol. 16, pp. 324-326, 1991.
8. S. Chen and J. Wang, "Self-starting issues of passive self-focusing mode locking," Opt. Lett., vol. 16, pp. 1689-1691, 1991.
9. Y. M. Liu, K. W. Sun, P. R. Prucnal, and S. A. Lyon, "Simple method to start and maintain selfmode-locking of a Ti : sapphire laser," Opt. Lett., vol. 17, pp. 1219-1221, 1992.
10. 2," Chem. Phys. Lett., vol. 98, pp. 273-276, 1983.
11. B. I. Greene, P. A. Fleury, H. L. Carter, Jr., and R. C. Farrow, "Microscopic dynamics in simple liquids by subpicosecond birefringences," Phys. Rev. A, vol. 29, pp. 271-274, 1984.
12. P. A. Madden, "Interaction-induced, subpicosend phenomena in liquids," in Ultrafast Phenomena IV, D. H. Auston and K. B. Eisenthal, Eds., Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 1985, pp. 244-251.
13. 2/alkane binary solutions," Chem. Phys. Lett., vol. 150, pp. 138-146, 1988.
14. D. McMorrow and W. T. Lotshaw, "Dephasing and relaxation in coherently excited ensembles of intermolecular oscillators," Chem. Phys. Lett., vol. 178, pp. 69-74, 1991.
15. W. T. Lotshaw, D. McMorrow, N. Thantu, J. S. Melinger, and R. Kitchenham, "Intermolecular vibrational coherence in molecular liquids," J. Raman Spectra., vol. 26, pp. 571-583, 1995.
16. Y. J. Chang and E. W. Castner, Jr., "Fast responses from 'slowly relaxing' liquids: A comparative study of the femtosecond dynamics of triacetin, ethylene glycol, and water," J. Chem. Phys. vol. 99, pp. 7289-7299, 1993.
17. T. Kobayashi, "Measurement of femtosecond dynamics of nonlinear optical responses," in Modern Nonlinear Optics, Myron Evans and Stanislaw Kielich, Eds., pt. 3. New York: Wiley, 1994, pp. 55-104.
18. T. Hattori, A. Terasaki, T, Kobayashi, T. Wada, A. Yamada, and H. Sasabe, "Optical-heterodyne-detected induced phase modulation for the study of femtosecond molecular dynamics," J. Chem. Phys., vol. 95, pp. 937-945, 1991.
19. J. Etchepare, G. Grillon, J. P. Chambaret, G. Hamoniaux, and A. Orszag, "Polarization selectivity in time-resolved transient phase grating," Opt. Commun., vol. 63, pp. 329-334, 1987.
20. J. Etchepare, G. Grillon, and J. Arabat, "Polarization effects in femtosecond time-resolved coherent scattering from molecules in liquids," Appl. Phys. vol. B49, pp. 425-429, 1989.
21. S. Ruhman, A. G. Joly, and K. A. Nelson, "Coherent molecular vibrational motion observed in the time domain through impulsive stimulated raman scattering," IEEE J. Quantum. Electron., vol. 24, pp. 460-469, 1988.
22. S. Ruhman, B. Kohler, A. G. Joly, and K. A. Nelson, "Molecular dynamics in liquids from femtosecond time-resolved impulsive stimulated scattering," IEEE J. Quantum. Electron., vol. 24, pp. 470-480, 1988.
23. 2 liquid observed by femtosecond time-resolved impulsive stimulated scattering," J. Phys. Chem. vol. 91, pp. 2237-2240, 1987.
24. 2 liquid at 165 ≤ T ≤ 300 K observed by femtosecond time-resolved impulsive stimulated scattering," Chem. Phys. Lett., vol. 141, pp. 16-24, 1987.
25. J. S. Friedman and C. Y. She, "The effects of molecular geometry on the depolarized stimulated gain spectra of simple liquids," J. Chem. Phys., vol. 99, pp. 4960-4969, 1993.
26. 2 and benzene at room temperature," Chem. Phys. Lett., vol. 186, pp. 161-169, 1991.
27. 2," J. Chem. Phys., vol. 92, pp. 4740-4747, 1990.
28. R. Back, G. A. Kenney-Wallace, W. T. Lotshaw, and D. McMorrow, "Observation of low-frequency Raman modes in several halogenated methanes by the optical Kerr effect," Chem. Phys. Lett., vol. 191, pp. 423-429, 1992.
29. D. McMorrow, W. T. Lotshaw, and G. A. Kenney-Wallace, "Femtosecond Raman-induced Kerr effect. Temporal evolution of the vibrational normal modes in halogenated methanes," Chem. Phys. Lett., vol. 145, pp. 309-314, 1988.
30. D. Heiman, R. W. Hellwarth, M. D. Levenson, and G. Martin, "Raman-induced Kerr effect," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 36, pp. 189-192, 1976.
31. M. Cho, M. Du, N. F. Scherer, G. R. Fleming, and S, Mukamel, "Off-resonant transient birefringence in liquids," J. Chem. Phys., vol. 99, pp. 2410-1428, 1993.
32. T.-H. Huang and C. H. Wang, "Vibrational quantum beats observed by Raman-induced optical Kerr effect," Mol. Phys., vol. 86, pp. 1249-1269, 1995.
33. T.-H. Huang, "Intramolecular vibrational activity and quantum beats in the Raman induced optical Kerr effect of liquids under impulsive electric excitations," Chem. Phys., vol. 164, pp. 57-71, 1992.
34. D. McMorrow and W. T. Lottshaw., "Intermolecular dynamics in acetonitrile probed with femtosecond Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy," J. Phys. Chem., vol. 95. pp. 10395-10406, 1991.
35. D. Waldeck, A. J. Cross, Jr., E. B. McDonald, and G. R. Fleming, "Picosecond pulse induced transient molecular birefringence and dichroism," J. Chem. Phys. vol. 74, pp. 3381-3387, 1981.
36. D. McMorrow, W. T. Lotshaw, and G. A. Kenney-Wallace, "Femtosecond optical Kerr studies on the origin of the nonlinear responses in simple liquids," IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 24, pp. 443-454, 1988.
37. D. McMorrow, "Separation of nuclear and electronic contributions to femtosecond fourwave mixing data," Opt. Commun., vol. 86, pp. 236-244, 1991.
38. D. McMorrow and W. T. Lotshaw, "The frequency response of condensed-phase media to femtosecond optical pulses: spectral-filter effects," Chem. Phys. Lett., vol. 174, pp. 85-94, 1990.
39. J. B. Marion, Classical Dynamics of Particles and Systems, 2nd ed. New York: Academic, 1970, ch. 4, pp. 134-142.
40. E. P. Ippen and C. V. Shank, "Techniques for Measurement", in Ultrashort Light Pulses, S.L. Shapiro, Ed. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1977, ch. 3, pp. 108-113.
41. G. R. Fleming, Chemical Applications of Ultrafast Spectroscopy. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1986, ch. 4, pp. 74-80.
42. S. L. Palfrey and T. F. Heinz, "Coherent interaction in pump-probe absorption measurements: the effect of phase gratings," J. Opt. Soc. Amer. B, vol. 2, pp. 674-679, 1985.
43. J.-L. Oudar, "Coherent phenomena involved in the time-resolved optical Kerr effect", IEEE J. Quantum Electron, vol. QE-19, pp. 713-718, 1983.
44. Z. Vardeny and J. Taue, "Picosecond coherent coupling in the pump and probe technique," Opt. Commun., vol. 39, pp. 396-400, 1981.
45. G.L. Easley, Coherent Raman Spectroscopy. New York: Pergaman, 1981, (3.57).
46. P. N. Butcher and D. Cotter, The Elements of Nonlinear Optics. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1990, chs. 2 and 6.
47. R. W. Hellwarth, "Third-order optical susceptibilities of liquids and solids," Prog. Quantum Electron., vol. 5, pp. 1-68, 1977.
48. C. H. Wang, Spectroscopy of Condensed Media. New York: Academic, 1985, pp. 321-328.
49. A. Owyoung, "The origins of the nonlinear refractive indices of liquids and glasses," Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1972, §4.2, §6.6, and Appendix K.
50. P. W. Milonni and J. H. Eberly, Lasers. New York: Wiley, 1988, ch. 12, pp. 377-385.
51. A. E. Siegman, Lasers, Mill Valley, CA: Univ. Sci., 1986, ch. 28, pp. 1120-1123.
52. W. Rudolph and B. Wilhelmi, "Light pulse compression," in Laser Science and Technology, ch 2, vol. 3, V. S. Letokhov, C. V. Shank, R. R. Shen, and H. Walther, Eds. Chur, Switzerland: Harwood Academic, 1989, pp. 4-9.
53. K. L. Sala, G. A. Kenney-Wallace, and G. E. Hall, "CW autocorrelation measurements of picosecond laser pulses," IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-16, pp. 990-996, 1980.
54. M. E. Orczyk, M. Samoc, J. Swiatkiewicz, and P. N. Prasad, "Dynamics of third-order nonlinearity of canthaxanthin carotenoid by the optically heterodyned phase-tuned femtosecond optical Kerr gate," J. Chem. Phys., vol. 98, pp. 2524-1533, 1993.
55. M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn, C.-P. Huang, M. T. Asaki, and D. Garvey, "Mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser: Designs and guidelines for constructing a mode-locked titanium:sapphire laser," Rev. 1.6, Dept. of Physics, Washington State Univ., Pullman, private communication with T.-H. Huang, May 19, 1993.
56. K. Clays, A. Persoons, and L. de Maeyer, "Hyper-Rayleigh scattering in solution," in Modem Nonlinear Optics, M. Evans and S. Kielich, Eds. New York: Wiley, 1994, pt. 3, pp. 455-498.
57. W. T. Lotshaw, D. McMorrow, C. Kalpouzos, and G. A. Kenney-Wallace, "Femtosecond dynamics of the optical Kerr effect in liquid nitrobenzene and chlorobenzene," Chem. Phys. Lett., vol. 136, pp. 323-328, 1987.
58. T. Hattori and T. Kobayashi, "Ultrafast optical Kerr dynamics studied with incoherent light," J. Chem. Phys., vol. 94, pp. 3332-3346, 1991.
59. M. S. Stix and E. P. Ippen, "Pulse shaping in passively mode-locked ring dye lasers," IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-19, pp. 520-525, 1983.
60. K. Sala and M. C. Richardson, "Optical Kerr effect induced by ultrashort laser pulses," Phys. Rev. A, vol. 12, pp. 1036-1047, 1975.
61. W. T. Lotshaw, D. McMorrow, and G. A. Kenney-Wallace, "Investigation of ultrafast molecular dynamics of liquids via coherent, time-resolved Fourier transform Spectroscopy," in SPIE High Speed Photography, Videography, and Photonics VI, 1988, vol. 981, pp. 20-26.
62. T. Shimanouchi, National Standard Reference Data Series-National Bureau of Standards 17, pt. 3, Mar. 1968.