Individualism-collectivism: An empirical study of a conceptual issue

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology

Volumn 27, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 381-402

  Fijneman, Yvonne A ^d   Willemsen, Madde E ^d   Poortinga, Ype H ^d   Erelcin, Fatos G ^a,b   Georgas, James ^d   Hui, C Harry ^d   Leung, Kwok ^d   Malpass, Roy S ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA   (United States)

^b KOÇ UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT EL PASO   (United States)

^d NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0030194366     PISSN: 00220221     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0022022196274001     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Berry, J. W. (1981). Developmental issues in the comparative study of psychological differentiation. In R. H. Munroe, R. L. Munroe, & B. B. Whiting (Eds.), Handbook of cross-cultural human development (pp. 475-500). New York: Garland STPM Press.
2. Berry, J. W., Van de Koppel, J.M.H., Sénéchal, C., Annis, R. C., Bahuchet, S., Cavalli-Sforza, L. L., & Witkin, H. A. (1986). On the edge of the forest: Cultural adaptation and cognitive development in Central Africa. Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
3. Bochner, S. (Ed.). (1982). Cultures in contact: Studies in cross-cultural interaction. Oxford, UK: Pergamon.
4. Edwards, A. L. (1970). The measurement of personality traits by scales and inventories. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
5. Fijneman, Y., & Willemsen, M. E. (1988). Sociale zekerheid in een meer collectivistische en een meer individualistische populatie [Social security in a more collectivistic and a more individualistic population]. Unpublished manuscript, Tilburg University, The Netherlands.
6. Georgas, J. (1989). Changing family values in Greece: From collectivist to individualist. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 20, 80-91.
7. Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture's consequences: International differences in work-related values. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
8. Hui, H. C., & Triandis, H. C. (1986). Individualism-collectivism: A study of cross-cultural researchers. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 17, 225-248.
9. Jahoda, G. (1982). Psychology and anthropology: A psychological perspective. London: Academic Press.
10. Kagitcibasi, C. (1990). Family and socialization in cross-cultural perspective: A model of change. In J. J. Berman (Ed.), Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, 1989: Vol. 37. Cross-cultural perspectives (pp. 135-200). Lincoln: Nebraska University Press.
11. Kagitcibasi, C. (1994). A critical appraisal of individualism-collectivism: Towards a new formulation. In U. Kim, H. C. Triandis, C. Kagitcibasi, S. C. Choi, & G. Yoon (Eds.), Individualism and collectivism: Theory, method and application (pp. 52-65). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
12. Leung, K., & Bond, M. H. (1984). The impact of cultural collectivism on reward allocation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 793-804.
13. Mann, L., & Greenbaum, C. W. (1987). Cross-cultural studies of children's decision rules. In C. Kagitcibasi (Ed.), Growth and progress in cross-cultural psychology (pp. 130-137). Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
14. McClintock, C., Kramer, R. M., & Keil, L. J. (1984). Equity and social change in human relationships. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 17, pp. 184-228). New York: Academic Press.
15. Meaning of Working International Research Team. (1987). The meaning of working. London: Academic Press.
16. Phalet, C., & Claeys, W. (1993). A comparative study of Turkish and Belgian youth. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 24, 319-343.
17. Phalet, K. (1993). Culturele waarden en persoonlijke keuzen: Groepsloyaliteit en persoonlijke keuzen bij Turkse en Belgische jongeren [Cultural values and personal choice: Group loyalty and personal choices of Turkish and Belgian youth]. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Leuven, Belgium.
18. Poortinga, Y. H. (1989). Equivalence of cross-cultural data: An overview of basic issues. International Journal of Psychology, 24, 737-756.
19. Poortinga, Y. H., & Malpass, R. S. (1986). Making inferences from cross-cultural data. In W. J. Lonner & J. W. Berry (Eds.), Field methods in cross-cultural research (pp. 17-46). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
20. Poortinga, Y. H., Van de Vijver, F.J.R., Joe, R. C., & Van de Koppel, J.M.H. (1987). Peeling the onion called culture. In C. Kagitcibasi (Ed.), Growth and progress in cross-cultural psychology (pp. 22-34). Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
21. Rohner, R. (1984). Toward a conception of culture for cross-cultural psychology. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 15, 111-138.
22. Segall, M. H. (1984). More than we need to know about culture, but are afraid not to ask. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 15, 153-162.
23. Serpell, R., & Deregowski, J. B. (1980). The skill of pictorial perception: An interpretation of cross-cultural evidence. International Journal of Psychology, 15, 145-180.
24. Sinha, J.B.P., & Verma, J. (1987). Structure of collectivism. In C. Kagitcibasi (Ed.), Growth and progress in cross-cultural psychology (pp. 123-129). Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
25. SPSS-X User's Guide (2nd ed.). (1986). New York: McGraw-Hill.
26. Triandis, H. C. (1985). Collectivism vs individualism: A reconceptualization of a basic concept in cross-cultural psychology. In C. Bagley & G. K. Verma (Eds.), Personality, cognition and values: Cross-cultural perspectives of childhood and adolescence (pp. 60-95). London: McMillan.
27. Triandis, H. C. (1989). The self and social behavior in differing cultural contexts. Psychological Review, 96, 506-520.
28. Triandis, H. C., Bontempo, R., Betancourt, H., Bond, M., Leung, K., Brenes, A., Georgas, J., Hui, H. C., Marin, G., Setiadi, B., Sinha, J.B.P., Verma, J., Spangenberg, J., Touzard, H., & de Montmollin, G. (1986). The measurement of the etic aspects of individualism and collectivism. Australian Journal of Psychology, 38, 257-267.
29. Triandis, H. C., Bontempo, R., Villareal, M. J., Asai, M., & Lucca, N. (1988). Individualism and collectivism: Cross-cultural perspectives on self-ingroup relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 323-338.
30. Triandis, H. C., McCusker, C., & Hui, H. C. (1990). Multimethod probes of individualism and collectivism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 1006-1020.
31. Van de Koppel, J.M.H. (1983). A developmental study of the Biaka Pygmies and the Bangandu. Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
32. Van de Koppel, J.M.H., & Schoots, N. H. (1986). Why are all trains painted yellow? Convenues in het acculturatieproces. Nederlands Tijdschrift voor de Psychologie, 41, 189-196.
33. Verma, J. (1985). The ingroup and its relevance to individual behavior: A study of collectivism and individualism. Psychologia, 28, 173-181.