Phenolation of wood using oxalic acid as a catalyst: Effects of temperature and hydrochloric acid addition

Journal of Applied Polymer Science

Volumn 61, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 675-683

  Alma, M H ^a   Yoshioka, M ^a   Yao, Y ^a   Shiraishi, N ^a  

^a KYOTO UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADDITION REACTIONS; CATALYSTS; HYDROCHLORIC ACID; MECHANICAL PROPERTIES; PHENOLS; PRESSURE EFFECTS; THERMAL EFFECTS;

BIRCH WOOD MEAL; OXALIC ACID; PHENOLATION; WOOD RESIDUE;

WOOD;

EID: 0030192704     PISSN: 00218995     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19960725)61:4<675::AID-APP11>3.0.CO;2-X     Document Type: Article

References (15)

1. M. H. Alma, M. Yoshioka, Y. Yao, and N. Shiraishi, Wood Sci. Technol., 29, 396 (1995).
2. M. H. Alma, M. Yoshioka, Y. Yao, and N. Shiraishi, Holzforshung, 50, 85 (1996).
3. M. H. Alma, M. Yoshioka, Y. Yao, and N. Shiraishi, Mokuzai Gakkaishi, 41, 741 (1995).
4. M. H. Alma, M. Yoshioka, Y. Yao, and N. Shiraishi, to be submitted.
5. M. H. Alma, M. Yoshioka, Y. Yao, and N. Shiraishi, Mokuzai Gakkaishi, 41, 1122 (1995).
6. L. Lin, M. Yoshioka, Y. Yao, and N. Shiraishi, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 52, 1629 (1994).
7. L. Lin, M. Yoshioka, Y. Yao, and N. Shiraishi, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 55, 1563 (1995).
8. L. Lin, M. Yoshioka, Y. Yao, and N. Shiraishi, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 58, 1297 (1995).
9. A. A. K. Whitehouse, E. G. K. Pritchett, and G. Barnett, Phenolic Resins, 2nd ed., Iliffe Books Ltd., London, 1967, p. 107.
10. S. Pu and N. Shiraishi, Mokuzai Gakkaishi, 40, 824 (1994).
11. A. Knop and W. Scheib, Chemistry and Application of Phenolic Resins, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1979, p. 64.
12. R. H. Farmer, Chemistry and Utilization of Wood, Pergamon Press, New York, 1967, p. 47.
13. Y. Z. Lai, in Wood and Cellulosic Chemistry, D. N. Hon and N. Shiraishi Eds., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York and Bassel, 1991, p. 466.
14. L. Lin, M. Yoshioka, Y. Yao, and N. Shiraishi, Abstracts of the 40th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Tokyo, 1995, p. 288.
15. A. A. K. Whitehouse, E. G. K. Pritchett, and G. Barnett, Phenolic Resins, 2nd ed., Iliffe Books Ltd., London, 1967, p. 57.