메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 22, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 827-845

Summation of activation: Evidence from multiple primes that converge and diverge within semantic memory

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; ATTENTION; FEMALE; HUMAN; LINGUISTICS; MALE; PAIRED ASSOCIATE LEARNING; REACTION TIME; RECALL; SEMANTICS;

EID: 0030188520     PISSN: 02787393     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/0278-7393.22.4.827     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (135)

References (76)
  • 2
    • 0001290730 scopus 로고
    • Property norms for typical and atypical items from 17 categories: A description and discussion
    • Ashcraft, M. H. (1978). Property norms for typical and atypical items from 17 categories: A description and discussion. Memory & Cognition, 6, 227-232.
    • (1978) Memory & Cognition , vol.6 , pp. 227-232
    • Ashcraft, M.H.1
  • 3
    • 34248930260 scopus 로고
    • Automatic semantic activation and episodic memory encoding
    • Balota, D. A. (1983). Automatic semantic activation and episodic memory encoding. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 22, 88-104.
    • (1983) Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior , vol.22 , pp. 88-104
    • Balota, D.A.1
  • 4
    • 0026861307 scopus 로고
    • Automatic and attentional processing in young and old adults: A reevaluation of the two-process model of semantic priming
    • Balota, D. A., Black, S., & Cheney, M. (1992). Automatic and attentional processing in young and old adults: A reevaluation of the two-process model of semantic priming. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 18, 485-502.
    • (1992) Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance , vol.18 , pp. 485-502
    • Balota, D.A.1    Black, S.2    Cheney, M.3
  • 5
    • 0025774824 scopus 로고
    • Semantic priming effects, lexical repetition effects, and contextual disambiguation effects in healthy aged individuals and individuals with senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type
    • Balota, D. A., & Duchek, J. M. (1991). Semantic priming effects, lexical repetition effects, and contextual disambiguation effects in healthy aged individuals and individuals with senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type. Brain and Language, 40, 181-201.
    • (1991) Brain and Language , vol.40 , pp. 181-201
    • Balota, D.A.1    Duchek, J.M.2
  • 6
    • 0002707476 scopus 로고
    • On the early influence of meaning in word recognition: A review of the literature
    • P. J. Schwanenflugel (Ed.), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Balota, D. A., Ferraro, F. R., & Connor, L. T. (1991). On the early influence of meaning in word recognition: A review of the literature. In P. J. Schwanenflugel (Ed.), The psychology of word meanings (pp. 187-218). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (1991) The Psychology of Word Meanings , pp. 187-218
    • Balota, D.A.1    Ferraro, F.R.2    Connor, L.T.3
  • 7
    • 0001513285 scopus 로고
    • Depth of automatic spreading activation: Mediated priming effects in pronunciation but not in lexical decision
    • Balota, D. A., & Lorch, R. (1986). Depth of automatic spreading activation: Mediated priming effects in pronunciation but not in lexical decision. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 12, 336-345.
    • (1986) Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition , vol.12 , pp. 336-345
    • Balota, D.A.1    Lorch, R.2
  • 8
    • 0022087970 scopus 로고
    • The interaction of contextual constraints and parafoveal visual information in reading
    • Balota, D. A., Pollatsek, A., & Rayner, K. (1985). The interaction of contextual constraints and parafoveal visual information in reading. Cognitive Psychology, 17, 364-390.
    • (1985) Cognitive Psychology , vol.17 , pp. 364-390
    • Balota, D.A.1    Pollatsek, A.2    Rayner, K.3
  • 9
    • 0041574751 scopus 로고
    • Category norms for verbal items in 56 categories: A replication and extension of the Connecticut category norms
    • Battig, W. F., & Montague, W. E. (1969). Category norms for verbal items in 56 categories: A replication and extension of the Connecticut category norms. Journal of Experimental Psychology Monograph, 80, 1-46.
    • (1969) Journal of Experimental Psychology Monograph , vol.80 , pp. 1-46
    • Battig, W.F.1    Montague, W.E.2
  • 11
    • 0001614663 scopus 로고
    • Semantic facilitation and lexical access during sentence processing
    • Blank, M. A., & Foss, D. J. (1978). Semantic facilitation and lexical access during sentence processing. Memory & Cognition, 6, 644-652.
    • (1978) Memory & Cognition , vol.6 , pp. 644-652
    • Blank, M.A.1    Foss, D.J.2
  • 12
    • 0000198609 scopus 로고
    • Concreteness-dependent associative priming: Separate lexical organization for concrete and abstract words
    • Bleasedale, F. A. (1987). Concreteness-dependent associative priming: Separate lexical organization for concrete and abstract words. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 13, 582-594.
    • (1987) Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition , vol.13 , pp. 582-594
    • Bleasedale, F.A.1
  • 14
    • 3042917667 scopus 로고
    • Investigating the effects of multiple primes: Does activation summate?
    • Paper presented Atlanta, GA
    • Brodeur, D. A., & Lupker, S. J. (1989). Investigating the effects of multiple primes: Does activation summate? Paper presented at the 30th Annual Meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Atlanta, GA.
    • (1989) 30th Annual Meeting of the Psychonomic Society
    • Brodeur, D.A.1    Lupker, S.J.2
  • 15
    • 0342340941 scopus 로고
    • Investigating the effects of multiple primes: An analysis of theoretical mechanisms
    • Brodeur, D. A., & Lupker, S. J. (1994). Investigating the effects of multiple primes: An analysis of theoretical mechanisms. Psychological Research, 57, 1-14.
    • (1994) Psychological Research , vol.57 , pp. 1-14
    • Brodeur, D.A.1    Lupker, S.J.2
  • 16
    • 0025346924 scopus 로고
    • Semantic and associative priming in the cerebral hemispheres: Some words do, some words don't . . . sometimes, some places
    • Chiarello, C., Burgess, C., Richards, L., & Pollock, A. (1990). Semantic and associative priming in the cerebral hemispheres: Some words do, some words don't . . . sometimes, some places. Brain and Cognition, 38, 75-104.
    • (1990) Brain and Cognition , vol.38 , pp. 75-104
    • Chiarello, C.1    Burgess, C.2    Richards, L.3    Pollock, A.4
  • 17
    • 85132028005 scopus 로고
    • Word association norms, mutual information, and lexiography
    • Paper presented Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada: Association for Computational Linguistics
    • Church, K., & Hanks, P. (1989). Word association norms, mutual information, and lexiography. Paper presented at the 23rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada: Association for Computational Linguistics.
    • (1989) 23rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics
    • Church, K.1    Hanks, P.2
  • 19
    • 58149409019 scopus 로고
    • A spreading-activation theory of semantic processing
    • Collins, A. M., & Loftus, E. F. (1975). A spreading-activation theory of semantic processing. Psychological Review, 82, 407-428.
    • (1975) Psychological Review , vol.82 , pp. 407-428
    • Collins, A.M.1    Loftus, E.F.2
  • 20
    • 84987786649 scopus 로고
    • A model of lexical access of ambiguous words
    • S. I. Small, G. W. Cottrell, & M. K. Tanenhaus (Eds.), San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufman
    • Cottrell, G. W. (1989). A model of lexical access of ambiguous words. In S. I. Small, G. W. Cottrell, & M. K. Tanenhaus (Eds.), Lexical ambiguity resolution (pp. 179-194). San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufman.
    • (1989) Lexical Ambiguity Resolution , pp. 179-194
    • Cottrell, G.W.1
  • 21
    • 0022742280 scopus 로고
    • A spreading-activation theory of retrieval in sentence production
    • Dell, G. S. (1986). A spreading-activation theory of retrieval in sentence production. Psychological Review, 93, 283-321.
    • (1986) Psychological Review , vol.93 , pp. 283-321
    • Dell, G.S.1
  • 22
    • 0002751119 scopus 로고
    • Integrated retrieval cues as a mechanism for priming in retrieval from memory
    • Dosher, B. A., & Rosedale, G. (1989). Integrated retrieval cues as a mechanism for priming in retrieval from memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 118, 191-211.
    • (1989) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.118 , pp. 191-211
    • Dosher, B.A.1    Rosedale, G.2
  • 23
    • 0024094617 scopus 로고
    • Repetition, semantic priming, and stimulus quality: Implications for the interactive-compensatory reading model
    • Durgunoglu, A. Y. (1988). Repetition, semantic priming, and stimulus quality: Implications for the interactive-compensatory reading model. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 14, 590-603.
    • (1988) Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition , vol.14 , pp. 590-603
    • Durgunoglu, A.Y.1
  • 25
    • 3042991866 scopus 로고
    • Summation effects in lexical form-priming with masked primes: Direct evidence for activation models?
    • Paper presented Atlanta, GA
    • Forster, K. I. (1989). Summation effects in lexical form-priming with masked primes: Direct evidence for activation models? Paper presented at the 30th Annual Meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Atlanta, GA.
    • (1989) 30th Annual Meeting of the Psychonomic Society
    • Forster, K.I.1
  • 28
    • 0021467741 scopus 로고
    • The verification of category and property statements
    • Hampton, J. A. (1984). The verification of category and property statements. Memory & Cognition, 12, 345-354.
    • (1984) Memory & Cognition , vol.12 , pp. 345-354
    • Hampton, J.A.1
  • 29
    • 0020792939 scopus 로고
    • The dependence of semantic relatedness effects upon prime processing
    • Henik, A., Friedrich, F. J., & Kellogg, W. A. (1983). The dependence of semantic relatedness effects upon prime processing. Memory & Cognition, 11, 366-373.
    • (1983) Memory & Cognition , vol.11 , pp. 366-373
    • Henik, A.1    Friedrich, F.J.2    Kellogg, W.A.3
  • 30
    • 21844524724 scopus 로고
    • Effects of global and local context on lexical processing during language comprehension
    • Hess, D. J., Foss, D. J., & Carroll, P. (1995). Effects of global and local context on lexical processing during language comprehension. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 124, 62-82.
    • (1995) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.124 , pp. 62-82
    • Hess, D.J.1    Foss, D.J.2    Carroll, P.3
  • 32
    • 0000049732 scopus 로고
    • Multiple meanings, number of related meanings, frequency of occurrence, and the lexicon
    • Jastrzembski, J. E. (1981). Multiple meanings, number of related meanings, frequency of occurrence, and the lexicon. Cognitive Psychology, 13, 278-305.
    • (1981) Cognitive Psychology , vol.13 , pp. 278-305
    • Jastrzembski, J.E.1
  • 33
    • 0026858322 scopus 로고
    • Priming effects that span an intervening unrelated word: Implications for models of memory representation and retrieval
    • Joordens, S., & Besner, D. (1992). Priming effects that span an intervening unrelated word: Implications for models of memory representation and retrieval. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 18, 483-491.
    • (1992) Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition , vol.18 , pp. 483-491
    • Joordens, S.1    Besner, D.2
  • 34
    • 0025374566 scopus 로고
    • Semantic priming in the pronunciation task: The role of prospective prime-generated expectancies
    • Keefe, D. E., & Neely, J. H. (1990). Semantic priming in the pronunciation task: The role of prospective prime-generated expectancies. Memory & Cognition, 18, 289-298.
    • (1990) Memory & Cognition , vol.18 , pp. 289-298
    • Keefe, D.E.1    Neely, J.H.2
  • 37
    • 0022678032 scopus 로고
    • Locus of inhibition effects in the priming of lexical decisions: Pre- or post-lexical access?
    • Lorch, R. F., Balota, D. A., & Stamm, E. (1986). Locus of inhibition effects in the priming of lexical decisions: Pre- or post-lexical access? Memory & Cognition, 14, 95-103.
    • (1986) Memory & Cognition , vol.14 , pp. 95-103
    • Lorch, R.F.1    Balota, D.A.2    Stamm, E.3
  • 39
    • 0001968167 scopus 로고
    • Processing interactions and lexical access during word recognition in continuous speech
    • Marslen-Wilson, W. D., & Welsh, A. (1978). Processing interactions and lexical access during word recognition in continuous speech. Cognitive Psychology, 10, 29-63.
    • (1978) Cognitive Psychology , vol.10 , pp. 29-63
    • Marslen-Wilson, W.D.1    Welsh, A.2
  • 40
    • 85066260172 scopus 로고
    • A distributed memory model of context effects in word identification
    • D. Besner & G. W. Humphreys (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Masson, M. E. J. (1991). A distributed memory model of context effects in word identification. In D. Besner & G. W. Humphreys (Eds.), Basic processes in reading: Visual word recognition (pp. 233-263). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (1991) Basic Processes in Reading: Visual Word Recognition , pp. 233-263
    • Masson, M.E.J.1
  • 42
    • 58149409989 scopus 로고
    • An interactive activation model of context effects in letter perception: Part 1. An account of basic findings
    • McClelland, J. L., & Rumelhart, D. E. (1981). An interactive activation model of context effects in letter perception: Part 1. An account of basic findings. Psychological Review, 88, 375-407.
    • (1981) Psychological Review , vol.88 , pp. 375-407
    • McClelland, J.L.1    Rumelhart, D.E.2
  • 46
    • 0000598820 scopus 로고
    • Depth of spreading activation revisited: Semantic mediated priming occurs in lexical decisions
    • McNamara, T. P., & Altarriba, J. (1988). Depth of spreading activation revisited: Semantic mediated priming occurs in lexical decisions. Journal of Memory and Language, 27, 545-559.
    • (1988) Journal of Memory and Language , vol.27 , pp. 545-559
    • McNamara, T.P.1    Altarriba, J.2
  • 48
    • 0015130194 scopus 로고
    • Facilitation in recognizing pairs of words: Evidence of a dependence between retrieval operations
    • Meyer, D. E., & Schvaneveldt, R. W. (1971). Facilitation in recognizing pairs of words: Evidence of a dependence between retrieval operations. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 90, 227-234.
    • (1971) Journal of Experimental Psychology , vol.90 , pp. 227-234
    • Meyer, D.E.1    Schvaneveldt, R.W.2
  • 49
    • 0002777518 scopus 로고
    • Loci of contextual effects on visual word recognition
    • P. M. A. Rabbitt & S. Dornic (Eds.), New York: Academic Press
    • Meyer, D. E., Schvaneveldt, R. W., & Ruddy, M. G. (1975). Loci of contextual effects on visual word recognition. In P. M. A. Rabbitt & S. Dornic (Eds.), Attention and Performance V (pp. 98-118). New York: Academic Press.
    • (1975) Attention and Performance , vol.5 , pp. 98-118
    • Meyer, D.E.1    Schvaneveldt, R.W.2    Ruddy, M.G.3
  • 50
    • 38049024435 scopus 로고
    • Interaction of information in word recognition
    • Morton, J. (1969). Interaction of information in word recognition. Psychological Review, 76, 156-178.
    • (1969) Psychological Review , vol.76 , pp. 156-178
    • Morton, J.1
  • 52
    • 33745200629 scopus 로고
    • Semantic priming and retrieval from lexical memory: Roles of inhibitionless spreading activation and limited capacity attention
    • Neely, J. H. (1977). Semantic priming and retrieval from lexical memory: Roles of inhibitionless spreading activation and limited capacity attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 106, 226-254.
    • (1977) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.106 , pp. 226-254
    • Neely, J.H.1
  • 53
    • 67149142257 scopus 로고
    • Semantic priming effects in visual word recognition
    • D. Besner & G. Humphreys (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Neely, J. H. (1991). Semantic priming effects in visual word recognition. In D. Besner & G. Humphreys (Eds.), Basic processes in reading: Visual word recognition (pp. 264-336). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (1991) Basic Processes in Reading: Visual Word Recognition , pp. 264-336
    • Neely, J.H.1
  • 54
    • 0024760469 scopus 로고
    • Semantic priming in the lexical decision task: Roles of prospective prime-generated expectancies and retrospective semantic matching
    • Neely, J. H., Keefe, D. E., & Ross, K. L. (1989). Semantic priming in the lexical decision task: Roles of prospective prime-generated expectancies and retrospective semantic matching. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 14, 1003-1019.
    • (1989) Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition , vol.14 , pp. 1003-1019
    • Neely, J.H.1    Keefe, D.E.2    Ross, K.L.3
  • 56
    • 0024042452 scopus 로고
    • A retrieval theory of priming
    • Ratcliff, R., & McKoon, G. (1988). A retrieval theory of priming. Psychological Review, 95, 385-408.
    • (1988) Psychological Review , vol.95 , pp. 385-408
    • Ratcliff, R.1    McKoon, G.2
  • 58
    • 0011499310 scopus 로고
    • What kind of pitcher can a catcher fill? Effects of priming in sentence comprehension
    • Reder, L. M. (1983). What kind of pitcher can a catcher fill? Effects of priming in sentence comprehension. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 22, 189-202.
    • (1983) Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior , vol.22 , pp. 189-202
    • Reder, L.M.1
  • 61
    • 2542435555 scopus 로고
    • On the spread of semantic excitation
    • Schmidt, R. (1976). On the spread of semantic excitation. Psychological Research, 38, 333-353.
    • (1976) Psychological Research , vol.38 , pp. 333-353
    • Schmidt, R.1
  • 63
    • 33646461492 scopus 로고
    • Automatic access of the meanings of ambiguous words in context: Some limitations of knowledge-based processing
    • Seidenberg, M. S., Tanenhaus, M. K., Leiman, J. M., & Bienkowski, M. (1982). Automatic access of the meanings of ambiguous words in context: Some limitations of knowledge-based processing. Cognitive Psychology, 14, 489-537.
    • (1982) Cognitive Psychology , vol.14 , pp. 489-537
    • Seidenberg, M.S.1    Tanenhaus, M.K.2    Leiman, J.M.3    Bienkowski, M.4
  • 64
    • 0021465187 scopus 로고
    • Pre- and post-lexical loci of contextual effects on word recognition
    • Seidenberg, M. S., Waters, G. S., Sanders, M., & Langer, P. (1984). Pre- and post-lexical loci of contextual effects on word recognition. Memory & Cognition, 12, 315-328.
    • (1984) Memory & Cognition , vol.12 , pp. 315-328
    • Seidenberg, M.S.1    Waters, G.S.2    Sanders, M.3    Langer, P.4
  • 65
    • 0001160714 scopus 로고
    • A connectionist model of text comprehension
    • D. A. Balota, G. B. Flores d'Arcais, & K. Rayner (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Sharkey, N. E. (1990). A connectionist model of text comprehension. In D. A. Balota, G. B. Flores d'Arcais, & K. Rayner (Eds.), Comprehension processes in reading (pp. 487-514). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (1990) Comprehension Processes in Reading , pp. 487-514
    • Sharkey, N.E.1
  • 67
    • 0002598243 scopus 로고
    • Inhibitory processes in the recognition of homograph meanings
    • D. Dagenbach & T. H. Carr (Eds.), New York: Academic Press
    • Simpson, G. B., & Kang, H. (1994). Inhibitory processes in the recognition of homograph meanings. In D. Dagenbach & T. H. Carr (Eds.), Inhibitory mechanisms in attention, memory and language (pp. 359-381). New York: Academic Press.
    • (1994) Inhibitory Mechanisms in Attention, Memory and Language , pp. 359-381
    • Simpson, G.B.1    Kang, H.2
  • 68
    • 0008185619 scopus 로고
    • Dynamic contextual processes and lexical access
    • D. S. Gorfein (Ed.), New York: Springer-Verlag
    • Simpson, G. B., & Kellas, G. (1989). Dynamic contextual processes and lexical access. In D. S. Gorfein (Ed.), Resolving semantic ambiguity (pp. 40-56). New York: Springer-Verlag.
    • (1989) Resolving Semantic Ambiguity , pp. 40-56
    • Simpson, G.B.1    Kellas, G.2
  • 75
    • 14844306904 scopus 로고
    • Lexical access during sentence comprehension: (Re)consideration of context effects
    • Swinney, D. A. (1979). Lexical access during sentence comprehension: (Re)consideration of context effects. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 18, 645-659.
    • (1979) Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior , vol.18 , pp. 645-659
    • Swinney, D.A.1
  • 76
    • 0000159388 scopus 로고
    • Accessing lexical ambiguity in different types of sentential contexts
    • Tabossi, P. (1988). Accessing lexical ambiguity in different types of sentential contexts. Journal of Memory and Language, 27, 324-340.
    • (1988) Journal of Memory and Language , vol.27 , pp. 324-340
    • Tabossi, P.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.