Detection of Trace Amounts of Chemical Warfare Agents and Related Compounds in Rubber, Paint, and Soil Samples by 1H and 31P{1H} NMR Spectroscopy

Analytical Chemistry

Volumn 68, Issue 14, 1996, Pages 2313-2318

  Mesilaakso, Markku ^a   Tolppa, Eeva Liisa ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; ORGANIC CHEMICALS; PAINT; RUBBER; SOILS; TRACE ANALYSIS;

BIHYDROXYETHYL SULFIDES; BISCHLOROETHYL SULFIDES; BISCHLOROETHYLTHIOETHANES; CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS; CYCLOHEXYL ETHYLPHOSPHONATES; CYCLOHEXYL METHYLETHYLPHOSPHONATES; DIBENZOXAZEPINES; ETHYLPHOSPHONIC ACIDS; METHOXYETHYL PINACOLYL METHYLPHOSPHONATES;

AGENTS;

EID: 0030180877     PISSN: 00032700     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ac960085f     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. (a) F.1 Testing of Existing Procedures.
2. (b) F.2 Testing of Procedures on Simulated Industry Samples.
3. (c) F.3 Testing of Procedures on Simulated Military Facility Samples.
4. (d) F.4 Validating of Procedures for Water and Soil Samples. F. International Interlaboratory Comparison (Round Robin) Test for the Verification of Chemical Disarmament. In Methodology and Instrumentation for Sampling and Analysis in the Verification of Chemical Disarmament; Rautio, M., Ed.; The Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland: Helsinki, 1990-1993.
5. H.1 First Interlaboratory Comparison Test. H. Interlaboratory Comparison Test Coordinated by the Provisional Technical Secretariat for the Preparatory Commission for the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons. In Methodology and Instrumentation for Sampling and Analysis in the Verification of Chemical Disarmament; Rautio, M., Ed.; The Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland; Helsinki, 1994.
6. Reference 1a, pp 72-78, 215-246; ref 1b, pp 83-106, 301-334; ref 1c, pp 71-82, 277-296; ref 1d, pp 73-84, 201-210.
7. Reference 2, pp 85-102, 203-218.
8. Reference 1d, pp 117-118.
9. 31P, and 2D NMR Spectrum Library of Chemical Warfare Agents and Related Compounds has been developed.
10. Recommended Operating Procedures for Sampling and Analysis in the Verification of Chemical Disarmament, Rautio, M., Ed.; The Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland: Helsinki, 1994.
11. Wils, E. R. J.; Hulst, A. G.; Verwiel, P. E. J.; van Krimpen, S. H.; Niederhauser, A. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 1992, 543, 297-303.
12. Martin, G. E.; Zektzer, A. S. Two-Dimensional NMR Methods for Establishing Molecular Connectivity: A Chemist's Guide to Experiment Selection, Performance, and Interpretation; VCH Publishers, Inc.: New York, 1988.
13. Reference 1d, pp 73-84, 201-210.
14. For test nomenclature, see: Horwitz, W. Pure Appl. Chem. 1994, 66, 1903-1911.
15. Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction; Signed in January 1993; Printed and distributed by the Provisional Technical Secretariat of the Preparatory Commission for the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons. The Depositary of this Convention is the Secretary-General of the United Nations, from whom a certified true copy can be obtained.
16. Söderström, M. T.; Björk, H.; Häkkinen, V. M. A.; Kostiainen, O.; Kuitunen, M.-L.; Rautio, M. Identification of Compounds Relevant to the Chemical Weapons Convention Using Selective GC Detectors, GC-MS and GC/FT-IR in an International Trial Proficiency Test. J. Chromatogr., in press.
17. Warning: In view of their toxicity, mustard and sesquimustard should be handled only in specialized laboratories. Dibenz[b,f][1,4]oxazepine is a strongly irritating chemical.
18. Derome, A. E. Modern NMR Techniques for Chemistry Research; Pergamon Press: Oxford, 1987; pp 172-173.
19. Reference 15, pp 162-164.
20. Martin, M. L.; Martin, G. J.; Delpuech, J.-J. Practical NMR Spectroscopy; Heyden and Son Ltd.: London, 1980; pp 235-236.