The influence of aluminium fluoride in hemi-dihydrate phosphoric acid processes

Hydrometallurgy

Volumn 41, Issue 2-3, 1996, Pages 155-170

  Martynowicz, Emile T M J ^a   Liao, Lunzhi ^a   Witkamp, Geert Jan ^a   Van Rosmalen, Gerda M ^a  

^a DELFT UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALUMINUM COMPOUNDS; CALCULATIONS; COMPOSITION EFFECTS; CRYSTALLIZATION; CRYSTALS; HYDRATES; MECHANICAL PERMEABILITY; ORES; PHOSPHATES; PHOSPHORIC ACID; SALTS;

ALUMINIUM DISTRIBUTION COEFFICIENT; ALUMINIUM FLUORIDE; BENCH SCALE CRYSTALLIZERS; CALCIUM SULFATE HEMIHYDRATE; HEMIDIHYDRATE PHOSPHORIC ACID PROCESSES;

HYDROMETALLURGY;

EID: 0030171940     PISSN: 0304386X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/0304-386x(95)00054-k     Document Type: Article

References (12)

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3. Akitt, J.W., Farnsworth, J.A. and Letellier, P., Nuclear magnetic resonance and molar-volume studies of the complex formed between aluminium (III) and the sulphate anion. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 1, 81 (1985): 193-205.
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6. Martynowicz, E.T.M.J., Witkamp, G.J. and Van Rosmalen, G.M., The effect of aluminium fluoride on the formation of calcium sulfate hydrates. Int. J. Miner. Process. (submitted).
7. Martynowicz, E.T.M.J., Impurity uptake in calcium sulfate during phosphoric acid processing. PhD Thesis, Delft Univ. Technology (1994).
8. Kohler, J.J., Tate, L.R. and Sheridan, R.C., Some effects of fluorine, aluminum, and silicon on the crystal habit of calcium sulfate hemihydrate. Pap. presented at 194th Natl. Am. Chem. Soc. Meet. (New Orleans, 1987).
9. Svarovski, L., Solid-liquid Separation. Chemical Engineering Series. Butterworth, London (1977).
10. Witkamp G.J. and Van Rosmalen G.M., Incorporation of cadmium and aluminium fluoride in calcium sulfate. In: J. Nyvlt and S. Zacek (Editors), Industrial Crystallization 87. Elsevier, Amsterdam (1989), pp. 265-270.
11. Witkamp, G.J. and Van Rosmalen G.M., Incorporation of foreign ions in calcium sulfate. In: M. Astruc and J.N. Lester (Editors), Heavy Metals in the Hydrological Cycle. Selper, London (1988), pp. 101-112.
12. Martynowicz, E.T.M.J., Witkamp, G.J., Van Rosmalen, G.M. and Kolmeijer, N.W., Mass balance of heavy metal ions in hemihydrate phosphoric acid processes. In: IFA Technical Conference. Int. Fert. Ind. Assoc., Paris (1992), pp. 224-241.