Study of the porphyrins released from the Messel oil shale kerogen by hydrous pyrolysis experiments

Organic Geochemistry

Volumn 24, Issue 6-7, 1996, Pages 691-703

  Huseby, B ^a,b   Ocampo, R ^a   Bauder, C ^a   Callot, H J ^a   Rist, K ^b   Barth, T ^b  

^a CNRS   (France)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BERGEN   (Norway)

Author keywords

bound porphyrins; HPLC; hydrous pyrolysis; kerogen; NMR; porphyrins

Indexed keywords

KEROGEN; NMR; OIL SHALE; PORPHYRIN; PYROLYSIS;

AROMATIC COMPOUNDS; DECOMPOSITION; DEGRADATION; HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; HYDROLYSIS; NATURAL POLYMERS; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; OIL SHALE; OIL SHALE PROCESSING; PYROLYSIS; ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROSCOPY;

ALKYL PORPHYRINS; DEALKYLATION; DECARBOXYLATION; ETIOPORPHYRINS; HYDROUS PYROLYSIS; PORPHYRINS;

KEROGEN;

EID: 0030156971     PISSN: 01466380     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/0146-6380(96)00060-5     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (37)

1. Barakat A.O. and Yen T.F. (1989) The nature of porphyrins in kerogen. Evidence of entrapped etioporphyrin series. Energy and Fuels 3, 613-616.
2. Barth T., Borgund A.E. and Hopland A.E. (1989) Generation of organic compounds by hydrous pyrolysis of a Kimmeridge oil shale - bulk results and activation energy calculations. Org. Geochem. 14, 69-76.
3. Barth T., Rist K., Huseby B. and Ocampo R. (1996) The distribution of nitrogen between bitumen, water and residue in hydrous pyrolysis of Messet oil shale. Org. Geochem. (in press).
4. Barwise A.J.G. and Roberts I. (1984) Diagenetic and catagenetic pathways for porphyrins in sediments. Org. Geochem. 6, 167-176.
5. Bauder C. (1990) Synthèses totales de porphyrines d'interêt géochimique. Thèse de Doctorat de l'Université Louis Pasteur de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
6. Bauder C., Ocampo R., Callot H.J. and Albrecht P. (1990) Structural evidence for heme fossils in Messel oil shale. Naturwiss. 77, 378-379.
7. Blumer M. and Rudrum M. (1970) High molecular weight fossil porphyrins: evidence for monomeric and dimeric tetrapyrroles of about 1100 molecular weight. J. Inst. Petrol. 56, 99-106.
8. Blumer M. and Sydner W.D. (1967) Porphyrins of high molecular weight in a Triassic oil shale: evidence by gel permeation chromatography. Chem. Geol. 2, 35-45.
9. Boreham C.J., Fookes C.J.R., Popp B.N. and Hayes J.M. (1989) Origins of etioporphyrins in sediments: evidence from stable carbon isotopes. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 53, 2451-2455.
10. Callot H.J., Ocampo R. and Albrecht P. (1990) Sedimentary porphyrins: correlations with biological precursors. Energy and Fuels 4, 635-639.
11. Chicarelli M.I. and Maxwell J.R. (1984) A naturally occurring, chlorophyll b related porphyrin. Tetrahedron Lett. 25, 4701-4704.
12. Chicarelli M. I., Kaur S. and Maxwell J. R. (1987) Sedimentary porphyrins: unexpected structures, occurrence, and possible origins. In Metal Complexes in Fossil Fuels (Edited by Filby R. H. and Branthaver J. F.), pp. 41-67. ACS Symposium Series 344.
13. Corwin A. H. (1960) Petroporphyrins. 5th World Petrol. Congr., New York, Paper V-10, 119-129.
14. Eckardt C.B., Keely B.J. and Maxwell J.R. (1991) Identification of chlorophyll transformation products in a lake sediment by combined liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. 557, 271-288.
15. Filby R. H. and Van Berkel G. J. (1987) Geochemistry of metal complexes in petroleum, source rocks and coals: an overview. In Metal Complexes in Fossil Fuels (Edited by Filby R. H. and Branthaver J. F.), pp. 2-39. ACS Symposium Series 344.
16. Gibbison R., Peakman T.M. and Maxwell J.R. (1995) Novel porphyrins as molecular fossils for anoxygenic photosynthesis. Tetrahedron Lett. 36, 9057-9062.
17. King L.L. and Repeta D.J. (1991) Pyropheophorbide steryl esters in Black Sea sediments. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 55, 2067-2074.
18. Lewan M.D. (1985) Evaluation of petroleum generation by hydrous pyrolysis. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A 315, 123-134.
19. Ocampo R., Callot H.J., Albrecht P. and Kintzinger J.P. (1984) A novel chlorophyll c related petroporphyrin in oil shale. Tetrahedron Lett. 25, 2589-2592.
20. Ocampo R., Callot H. J. and Albrecht P. (1985a) Identification of polar porphyrins in oil shale. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun., 198-200.
21. Ocampo R., Callot H. J. and Albrecht P. (1985b) Occurrence of bacterio-petroporphyrins in oil shale. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun., 200-201.
22. Ocampo R., Callot H. J. and Albrecht P. (1987) Evidence for polar porphyrins of bacterial and algal origin in oil shale. In Metal Complexes in Fossil Fuels (Edited by Filby R. H. and Branthaver J. F.), pp. 68-73. ACS Symposium Series 344.
23. 32 Etioporphyrin III in oil shale. Origin of Etioporphyrin III from heme?. Naturwissenschaften 76, 419-421.
24. Ocampo R., Bauder C., Callot H.J. and Albrecht P. (1992) Porphyrins from Messel oil shale (Eocene, Germany): structure elucidation, geochemical and biological significance, and distribution as a function of depth. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 56, 745-761.
25. Ocampo R., Riva A., Trendel J.M., Riolo J., Callot H.J. and Albrecht P. (1993) Petroporphyrins as biomarkers in oil-oil and oil-source rock correlations. Energy and Fuels 7, 191-193.
26. Prowse W.G. and Maxwell J.R. (1989) Novel polar sedimentary porphyrins. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 53, 3081-3083.
27. Prowse W.G., Keely B.J. and Maxwell J.R. (1989) A novel sedimentary metallochlorin. Org. Geochem. 16, 1059-1065.
28. Quirke J.M.E., Shaw G.J., Soper P.D. and Maxwell J.R. (1980) Petroporphyrins II. The presence of porphyrins with extended alkyl substituents. Tetrahedron 36, 3261-3267.
29. Schaeffer P., Ocampo R., Callot H.J. and Albrecht P. (1993) Extraction of bound porphyrins from sulfur-rich sediments and their use for reconstruction of palaeoenvironments. Nature 364, 133-136.
30. Schaeffer P., Ocampo R., Callot H.J. and Albrecht P. (1994) Structure determination by deuterium labelling of a sulfur-bound petroporphyrin. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 58, 4247-4252.
31. Sinninghe Damsté J.S., Eglinton T.I. and De Leuw J.W. (1992) Alkylpyrroles in a kerogen pyrolysate: evidence for abundant tetrapyrrole pigments. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 56, 1743-1751.
32. Smith K.M. and Craig G.W. (1983) Porphyrin synthesis through tripyrrins: an alternate approach. J. Org. Chem. 48, 4302-4306.
33. Sundararaman P. (1992) Comparison of natural and laboratory simulated maturation of vanadylporphyrins. In Biological Markers in Sediments and Petroleum (Edited by Moldowan J. M., Albrecht P. and Philp R. P.), pp. 313-319. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.
34. Van Berkel G. J. and Filby R. H. (1987) Generation of nickel and vanadyl porphyrins from kerogen during simulated catagenesis. In Metal Complexes in Fossil Fuels (Edited by Filby R. H. and Branthaver J. F.), pp. 110-134. ACS Symposium Series 344.
35. Verne-Mismer J., Ocampo R., Callot H.J. and Albrecht P. (1988) Molecular fossils of chlorophyll c of the 17-nor-DPEP series. Structure determination, synthesis, geochemical significance. Tetrahedron Lett. 29, 371-374.
36. Verne-Mismer J., Ocampo R., Bauder C., Callot H.J. and Albrecht P. (1990) Nickel, copper and vanadyl porphyrins from Moroccan oil shales. Composition, novel structures, biological precursors. Energy and Fuels 4, 639-643.
37. Verne-Mismer J., Ocampo R., Callot H.J. and Albrecht P. (1990) New chlorophyll fossils from Moroccan oil shales. Porphyrins derived from 7-formyl chlorophyll c. Tetrahedron Lett. 31, 1751-1754.