-
1
-
-
85033010074
-
-
note
-
2/Si" will be used to refer to this interface and the oxide film as well unless specified otherwise.
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
85033023950
-
-
note
-
Also called XPS (x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy).
-
-
-
-
12
-
-
0019059358
-
-
A. Kikuchi, H. Yamamoto, S. Iwata, and T. Ikeda, J. Appl. Phys. 51, 4913 (1980); A. Kikuchi and S. Iwata, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 22, 577 (1983).
-
(1980)
J. Appl. Phys.
, vol.51
, pp. 4913
-
-
Kikuchi, A.1
Yamamoto, H.2
Iwata, S.3
Ikeda, T.4
-
13
-
-
0020813988
-
-
A. Kikuchi, H. Yamamoto, S. Iwata, and T. Ikeda, J. Appl. Phys. 51, 4913 (1980); A. Kikuchi and S. Iwata, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 22, 577 (1983).
-
(1983)
Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.
, vol.22
, pp. 577
-
-
Kikuchi, A.1
Iwata, S.2
-
17
-
-
0022982668
-
Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Grain Boundary and Related Phenomena
-
The Japan Institute of Metals
-
S. Iwata, Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Grain Boundary and Related Phenomena, The Japan Institute of Metals [Suppl. to Trans. Jpn. Inst. Metals 27, 979 (1986)].
-
(1986)
Trans. Jpn. Inst. Metals
, vol.27
, Issue.SUPPL.
, pp. 979
-
-
Iwata, S.1
-
18
-
-
0021483359
-
-
S. Iwata, N. Yamamoto, N. Kobayashi, T. Terada, and T. Mizutani, IEEE Trans. Electron Devices ED-31, 1174 (1984).
-
(1984)
IEEE Trans. Electron Devices
, vol.ED-31
, pp. 1174
-
-
Iwata, S.1
Yamamoto, N.2
Kobayashi, N.3
Terada, T.4
Mizutani, T.5
-
26
-
-
6244241514
-
-
Realize, Inc, Tokyo, (unpublished)
-
S. Iwata, in Next-generation VLSI Process Techniques, Realize, Inc, Tokyo, 1988 (unpublished), p. 297.
-
(1988)
Next-generation VLSI Process Techniques
, pp. 297
-
-
Iwata, S.1
-
27
-
-
6244222449
-
-
S. Shimizu, Hitachi Hyouron 73, 825 (1991); Hitachi Rev. 40, 367 (1991).
-
(1991)
Hitachi Hyouron
, vol.73
, pp. 825
-
-
Shimizu, S.1
-
28
-
-
0026380130
-
-
S. Shimizu, Hitachi Hyouron 73, 825 (1991); Hitachi Rev. 40, 367 (1991).
-
(1991)
Hitachi Rev.
, vol.40
, pp. 367
-
-
-
29
-
-
0005261897
-
-
edited by P. Balk Elsevier, Amsterdam
-
2 System, edited by P. Balk (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1988), p. 77.
-
(1988)
2 System
, pp. 77
-
-
Helms, C.R.1
-
30
-
-
0016567482
-
-
R. A. Clarke, R. L. Tapping, M. A. Hopper, and L. Young, J. Electrochem. Soc. 122, 1347 (1975).
-
(1975)
J. Electrochem. Soc.
, vol.122
, pp. 1347
-
-
Clarke, R.A.1
Tapping, R.L.2
Hopper, M.A.3
Young, L.4
-
35
-
-
85033010709
-
-
NBS Special Publication 400-23, ARPA/NBS Workshop IV, Surface Analysis for Silicon Devices, held at Gaithersburg, Maryland, (unpublished)
-
F. J. Grunthaner, NBS Special Publication 400-23, ARPA/NBS Workshop IV, Surface Analysis for Silicon Devices, held at Gaithersburg, Maryland, 1976 (unpublished), p. 151.
-
(1976)
, pp. 151
-
-
Grunthaner, F.J.1
-
38
-
-
0018522041
-
-
F. J. Grunthaner, P. J. Grunthaner, R. P. Vasquez, B. F. Lewis, J. Maserjian, and A. Madhukar, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. 16, 1443 (1979).
-
(1979)
J. Vac. Sci. Technol.
, vol.16
, pp. 1443
-
-
Grunthaner, F.J.1
Grunthaner, P.J.2
Vasquez, R.P.3
Lewis, B.F.4
Maserjian, J.5
Madhukar, A.6
-
39
-
-
24244435111
-
-
F. J. Grunthaher, P. J. Grunthaner, R. P. Vasquez, B. F. Lewis, and J. Maserjian, Phys. Rev. Lett. 43, 1683 (1979).
-
(1979)
Phys. Rev. Lett.
, vol.43
, pp. 1683
-
-
Grunthaher, F.J.1
Grunthaner, P.J.2
Vasquez, R.P.3
Lewis, B.F.4
Maserjian, J.5
-
40
-
-
0008534382
-
-
edited by G. Lucovsky, S. T. Pantelides, and F. L. Galeener Pergamon, New York
-
F. J. Grunthaner, B. F. Lewis, R. P. Vasquez, J. Maserjian, and A. Madhukar, in The Physics of MOS Insulators, edited by G. Lucovsky, S. T. Pantelides, and F. L. Galeener (Pergamon, New York, 1980), p. 290.
-
(1980)
The Physics of MOS Insulators
, pp. 290
-
-
Grunthaner, F.J.1
Lewis, B.F.2
Vasquez, R.P.3
Maserjian, J.4
Madhukar, A.5
-
44
-
-
21544465655
-
-
P. J. Grunthaner, M. H. Hecht, F. J. Grunthaner, and N. M. Johnson, J. Appl. Phys. 61, 629 (1987).
-
(1987)
J. Appl. Phys.
, vol.61
, pp. 629
-
-
Grunthaner, P.J.1
Hecht, M.H.2
Grunthaner, F.J.3
Johnson, N.M.4
-
46
-
-
85033022481
-
-
in Ref. 38
-
G. Hollinger, in Ref. 38, p. 87.
-
-
-
Hollinger, G.1
-
50
-
-
3343006353
-
-
F. J. Himpsel, F. R. McFeely, A. Taleb-Ibrahimi, J. A. Yarnoff, and G. Hollinger, Phys. Rev. B 38, 6084 (1988).
-
(1988)
Phys. Rev. B
, vol.38
, pp. 6084
-
-
Himpsel, F.J.1
McFeely, F.R.2
Taleb-Ibrahimi, A.3
Yarnoff, J.A.4
Hollinger, G.5
-
51
-
-
0040514381
-
-
C. M. Garner, I. Lindau, C. Y. Su, P. Pianetta, and W. E. Spicer, Phys. Rev. B 19, 3944 (1979).
-
(1979)
Phys. Rev. B
, vol.19
, pp. 3944
-
-
Garner, C.M.1
Lindau, I.2
Su, C.Y.3
Pianetta, P.4
Spicer, W.E.5
-
52
-
-
0000539707
-
-
M. Tabe, T. T. Chang, I. Lindau, and W. E. Spicer, Phys. Rev. B 34, 2706 (1986).
-
(1986)
Phys. Rev. B
, vol.34
, pp. 2706
-
-
Tabe, M.1
Chang, T.T.2
Lindau, I.3
Spicer, W.E.4
-
54
-
-
84956129712
-
Proceedings of the International Conference of VLSI
-
T. Hattori, M. Muto, T. Suzuki, K. Yamabe, and H. Yamauchi, Proceedings of the International Conference of VLSI [AIP Conf. Proc. No. 122, 45 (1984)].
-
(1984)
AIP Conf. Proc.
, vol.122
, pp. 45
-
-
Hattori, T.1
Muto, M.2
Suzuki, T.3
Yamabe, K.4
Yamauchi, H.5
-
56
-
-
0022702982
-
-
T. Suzuki, M. Muto, M. Hara, K. Yamabe, and T. Hattori, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 25, 544 (1986).
-
(1986)
Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.
, vol.25
, pp. 544
-
-
Suzuki, T.1
Muto, M.2
Hara, M.3
Yamabe, K.4
Hattori, T.5
-
59
-
-
85033030005
-
-
Tokyo, (unpublished)
-
2 Systems, Tokyo, 1989 (unpublished), p. 1.
-
(1989)
2 Systems
, pp. 1
-
-
Hattori, T.1
-
62
-
-
0001440516
-
-
M. Nakazawa, Y. Nishioka, H. Sekiyama, and S. Kawase, J. Appl. Phys. 65, 4019 (1989).
-
(1989)
J. Appl. Phys.
, vol.65
, pp. 4019
-
-
Nakazawa, M.1
Nishioka, Y.2
Sekiyama, H.3
Kawase, S.4
-
65
-
-
0000145428
-
-
also in Ref. 56, p. 243
-
R. Browning, M. A. Sobolewski, and C. R. Helms, Phys. Rev. B 38, 13407 (1988); also in Ref. 56, p. 243.
-
(1988)
Phys. Rev. B
, vol.38
, pp. 13407
-
-
Browning, R.1
Sobolewski, M.A.2
Helms, C.R.3
-
66
-
-
0037736286
-
-
A. Iqbal, C. W. Bates, Jr., and J. W. Allen, Appl. Phys. Lett. 47, 1064 (1985).
-
(1985)
Appl. Phys. Lett.
, vol.47
, pp. 1064
-
-
Iqbal, A.1
Bates Jr., C.W.2
Allen, J.W.3
-
67
-
-
0000231966
-
-
V. D. Borman, E. P. Gusev, Yu. Yu. Lebedinskii, and V. I. Troyan, Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 2387 (1991).
-
(1991)
Phys. Rev. Lett.
, vol.67
, pp. 2387
-
-
Borman, V.D.1
Gusev, E.P.2
Lebedinskii, Yu.Yu.3
Troyan, V.I.4
-
68
-
-
0001228437
-
-
M. Niwano, H. Katakura, Y. Takeda, Y. Takukawa, N. Miyamoto, A. Hiraiwa, and K. Yagi, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 9, 195 (1991).
-
(1991)
J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A
, vol.9
, pp. 195
-
-
Niwano, M.1
Katakura, H.2
Takeda, Y.3
Takukawa, Y.4
Miyamoto, N.5
Hiraiwa, A.6
Yagi, K.7
-
69
-
-
0344239857
-
-
J. M. deLarios, D. B. Kao, C. R. Helms, and B. E. Deal, Appl. Phys. Lett. 54, 715 (1989).
-
(1989)
Appl. Phys. Lett.
, vol.54
, pp. 715
-
-
Delarios, J.M.1
Kao, D.B.2
Helms, C.R.3
Deal, B.E.4
-
70
-
-
0003855158
-
-
Almqvist and Wiksells, Uppsala
-
K. Siegbahn, C. Nordling, A. Hahlman, R. Nordberg, K. Hamrin, J. Hedman, G. Johansson, T. Bermark, S. E. Karlsson, I. Lindgren, and B. Lindberg, ESCA: Atomic, Molecular and Solid State Structure Studied by Means of Electron Spectroscopy (Almqvist and Wiksells, Uppsala, 1967).
-
(1967)
ESCA: Atomic, Molecular and Solid State Structure Studied by Means of Electron Spectroscopy
-
-
Siegbahn, K.1
Nordling, C.2
Hahlman, A.3
Nordberg, R.4
Hamrin, K.5
Hedman, J.6
Johansson, G.7
Bermark, T.8
Karlsson, S.E.9
Lindgren, I.10
Lindberg, B.11
-
72
-
-
85033031832
-
-
SDM 90-69, (unpublished)
-
M. Liehr, S. R. Kasi, and M. Offenberg, IEICE (Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers) Technical Report, SDM 90-69, 1990 (unpublished), p. 1.
-
(1990)
IEICE (Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers) Technical Report
, pp. 1
-
-
Liehr, M.1
Kasi, S.R.2
Offenberg, M.3
-
73
-
-
0017517271
-
-
Y. Kamigaki and Y. Itoh, J. Appl. Phys. 48, 2891 (1977); Y. Kamigaki, S. Minami, and H. Kato, J. Appl. Phys. 68, 2211 (1990).
-
(1977)
J. Appl. Phys.
, vol.48
, pp. 2891
-
-
Kamigaki, Y.1
Itoh, Y.2
-
74
-
-
0001386996
-
-
Y. Kamigaki and Y. Itoh, J. Appl. Phys. 48, 2891 (1977); Y. Kamigaki, S. Minami, and H. Kato, J. Appl. Phys. 68, 2211 (1990).
-
(1990)
J. Appl. Phys.
, vol.68
, pp. 2211
-
-
Kamigaki, Y.1
Minami, S.2
Kato, H.3
-
76
-
-
85033017524
-
-
Mohonk, New York, (unpublished)
-
Y. Tao, Z. H. Lu, and M. J. Graham, Abstracts of the 21st Conference on Physical Chemical Semiconductor Interfaces, Mohonk, New York, 1994 (unpublished), p. Tu1150.
-
(1994)
Abstracts of the 21st Conference on Physical Chemical Semiconductor Interfaces
-
-
Tao, Y.1
Lu, Z.H.2
Graham, M.J.3
-
77
-
-
6244274876
-
-
M. Takakura, T. Ogura, T. Hayashi, and M. Hirose, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 27, L2214 (1988).
-
(1988)
Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.
, vol.27
-
-
Takakura, M.1
Ogura, T.2
Hayashi, T.3
Hirose, M.4
-
78
-
-
0024054619
-
-
H. Yamagishi, N. Koike, K. Imai, K. Yamabe, and T. Hattori, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 27, L1398 (1988).
-
(1988)
Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.
, vol.27
-
-
Yamagishi, H.1
Koike, N.2
Imai, K.3
Yamabe, K.4
Hattori, T.5
-
82
-
-
6244260689
-
-
ASTM Special Publication
-
C. D. Wagner, ASTM Special Publication STP 699 (1980).
-
(1980)
, vol.STP 699
-
-
Wagner, C.D.1
-
83
-
-
0003828439
-
-
edited by D. Briggs and M. P. Seah Wiley, Sussex, Appendix 2
-
P. Swift and D. Shuttleworth, in Practical Surface Analysis, edited by D. Briggs and M. P. Seah (Wiley, Sussex, 1983), Appendix 2.
-
(1983)
Practical Surface Analysis
-
-
Swift, P.1
Shuttleworth, D.2
-
85
-
-
6244238988
-
-
S. Kohiki, T. Ohmura, and K. Kusao, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 28, 229 (1983); 31, 85 (1983).
-
(1983)
J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom.
, vol.28
, pp. 229
-
-
Kohiki, S.1
Ohmura, T.2
Kusao, K.3
-
92
-
-
85033025819
-
-
P. M. A. Sherwood, in Ref. 69, Appendix 3
-
P. M. A. Sherwood, in Ref. 69, Appendix 3.
-
-
-
-
96
-
-
6244235268
-
-
edited by G. Lucovsky, S. T. Pantelides, and F. L. Galeener Pergamon, New York
-
J. A. Wurzbach, in The Physics of MOS Insulators, edited by G. Lucovsky, S. T. Pantelides, and F. L. Galeener (Pergamon, New York, 1980), p. 172.
-
(1980)
The Physics of MOS Insulators
, pp. 172
-
-
Wurzbach, J.A.1
-
97
-
-
85032998170
-
-
note
-
n+ (n=0-4) peaks and the background.
-
-
-
-
98
-
-
0023142914
-
-
I. Ohdomari, H. Akatsu, Y. Yamakoshi, and K. Kishimoto, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 89, 239 (1987).
-
(1987)
J. Non-Cryst. Solids
, vol.89
, pp. 239
-
-
Ohdomari, I.1
Akatsu, H.2
Yamakoshi, Y.3
Kishimoto, K.4
-
99
-
-
85033024442
-
-
I. Ohdomari, in Ref. 57
-
I. Ohdomari, in Ref. 57.
-
-
-
-
103
-
-
0018063918
-
-
edited by S. T. Pantelides Pergamon, New York
-
2 and Its Interfaces, edited by S. T. Pantelides (Pergamon, New York, 1978), p. 356.
-
(1978)
2 and Its Interfaces
, pp. 356
-
-
Krivanek, O.L.1
Tsui, D.C.2
Sheng, T.T.3
Kamger, R.4
-
104
-
-
21544480886
-
-
Z. H. Lu, M. J. Graham, D. T. Jiang, and K. H. Tan, Appl. Phys. Lett. 63, 2941 (1993).
-
(1993)
Appl. Phys. Lett.
, vol.63
, pp. 2941
-
-
Lu, Z.H.1
Graham, M.J.2
Jiang, D.T.3
Tan, K.H.4
-
106
-
-
85033013816
-
-
note
-
2 film on Si, and is therefore independent of the amount of contamination. See Sec. II E for further discussion of the oxide thickness.
-
-
-
-
108
-
-
0040184885
-
-
M. Morita, T. Ohmi, E. Hasegawa, M. Kawakami, and M. Ohwada; J. Appl. Phys. 68, 1272 (1990).
-
(1990)
J. Appl. Phys.
, vol.68
, pp. 1272
-
-
Morita, M.1
Ohmi, T.2
Hasegawa, E.3
Kawakami, M.4
Ohwada, M.5
-
113
-
-
0038960716
-
-
Harper, New York
-
F. Schwartz, S. Green, and W. A. Rutledge, Vector Analysis (Harper, New York, 1960), p. 484.
-
(1960)
Vector Analysis
, pp. 484
-
-
Schwartz, F.1
Green, S.2
Rutledge, W.A.3
-
114
-
-
0003705313
-
-
SEEC Wiley, New York
-
R. B. Adler, A. C. Smith, and R. L. Longini, Introduction to Semiconductor Physics, SEEC Vol. 1 (Wiley, New York, 1986).
-
(1986)
Introduction to Semiconductor Physics
, vol.1
-
-
Adler, R.B.1
Smith, A.C.2
Longini, R.L.3
-
115
-
-
0003805738
-
-
Wiley, New York
-
R. S. Muller and T. I. Kamins, Device Electronics for Integrated Circuits, 2nd ed. (Wiley, New York, 1986), p. 496.
-
(1986)
Device Electronics for Integrated Circuits, 2nd Ed.
, pp. 496
-
-
Muller, R.S.1
Kamins, T.I.2
-
116
-
-
33845566733
-
-
M. Morita, T. Ohmi, E. Hasegawa, M. Kawakami, and K. Suma: Appl. Phys. Lett. 55, 562 (1989).
-
(1989)
Appl. Phys. Lett.
, vol.55
, pp. 562
-
-
Morita, M.1
Ohmi, T.2
Hasegawa, E.3
Kawakami, M.4
Suma, K.5
-
117
-
-
85033003297
-
-
Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers Technical Report No. SDM90-3
-
M. Miyawaki, S. Yoshitake, T. Sato, and T. Ohmi, Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers Technical Report No. SDM90-3, 1990.
-
(1990)
-
-
Miyawaki, M.1
Yoshitake, S.2
Sato, T.3
Ohmi, T.4
-
118
-
-
85033003570
-
-
Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers Technical Report No. SDM90-70
-
T. Aoyama, N. Miyata, T. Yamazaki, and T. Ito, Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers Technical Report No. SDM90-70, 1990.
-
(1990)
-
-
Aoyama, T.1
Miyata, N.2
Yamazaki, T.3
Ito, T.4
-
119
-
-
85033015799
-
-
Institute Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers Technical Report No. SDM90-71
-
M. Okuno, R. Sugino, Y. Sato, Y. Okui, S. Hijiya, and T. Itoh, Institute Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers Technical Report No. SDM90-71, 1990.
-
(1990)
-
-
Okuno, M.1
Sugino, R.2
Sato, Y.3
Okui, Y.4
Hijiya, S.5
Itoh, T.6
-
120
-
-
85033032992
-
-
Institute Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers Technical Report No. SDM90-72
-
M. Morita, A. Teramoto, E. Hasegawa, M. Kawakami, and T. Ohmi, Institute Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers Technical Report No. SDM90-72, 1990.
-
(1990)
-
-
Morita, M.1
Teramoto, A.2
Hasegawa, E.3
Kawakami, M.4
Ohmi, T.5
-
121
-
-
85032998244
-
-
Institute Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers Technical Report No. SDM90-73
-
Y. Kasama, Y. Yagi, T. Imaoka, and T. Ohmi, Institute Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers Technical Report No. SDM90-73, 1990.
-
(1990)
-
-
Kasama, Y.1
Yagi, Y.2
Imaoka, T.3
Ohmi, T.4
-
123
-
-
0028196163
-
-
M. Niwa, T. Kouzaki, K. Okada, M. Udagawa, and R. Sinclair, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 33, 388 (1994).
-
(1994)
Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.
, vol.33
, pp. 388
-
-
Niwa, M.1
Kouzaki, T.2
Okada, K.3
Udagawa, M.4
Sinclair, R.5
-
126
-
-
6244241485
-
-
S. Horiguchi, T. Kobayashi, M. Miyake, M. Oda, and K. Kiuchi, Tech. Dig. IEDM 1985, 76.
-
(1985)
Tech. Dig. IEDM
, pp. 76
-
-
Horiguchi, S.1
Kobayashi, T.2
Miyake, M.3
Oda, M.4
Kiuchi, K.5
-
129
-
-
6244272100
-
-
edited by B. Feuerbacher, B. Fitton, and R. F. Willis Wiley, New York
-
J. W. Gadzuk, in Photoemission and Electronic Properties of Surfaces, edited by B. Feuerbacher, B. Fitton, and R. F. Willis (Wiley, New York, 1978), p. 116.
-
(1978)
Photoemission and Electronic Properties of Surfaces
, pp. 116
-
-
Gadzuk, J.W.1
-
133
-
-
85033010327
-
-
note
-
Only very recently, Tao et al. (Ref. 73) pointed out that the chemical shifts for oxide films of various thicknesses (0.5-20 nm) were the same in experiments using x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and ESCA. From the XANES measurements, the Si K edge was constant for all the samples. From the ESCA measurements, by neutralizing the surface with low-energy electrons and using C1s as a reference, the chemical shift was constant for all oxide thicknesses. They concluded that the changes in the chemical shift with thickness are due to charging rather than strain as previously believed (Ref. 37).
-
-
-
-
134
-
-
85033017969
-
-
note
-
T is not expected to change appreciably.
-
-
-
-
138
-
-
0017985835
-
-
W. Eberhardt, G. Kalkoffen, C. Kunz, D. Aspenes, and M. Cardona, Phys. Status Solidi B 88, 135 (1978).
-
(1978)
Phys. Status Solidi B
, vol.88
, pp. 135
-
-
Eberhardt, W.1
Kalkoffen, G.2
Kunz, C.3
Aspenes, D.4
Cardona, M.5
-
140
-
-
84957226828
-
-
B. R. Weinberger, H. W. Deckman, E. Yablonovitch, T. Gmitter, W. Kobasz, and S. Garoff, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 3, 887 (1985).
-
(1985)
J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A
, vol.3
, pp. 887
-
-
Weinberger, B.R.1
Deckman, H.W.2
Yablonovitch, E.3
Gmitter, T.4
Kobasz, W.5
Garoff, S.6
-
141
-
-
0001451172
-
-
B. R. Weinberger, G. G. Peterson, T. C. Eschrich, and H. A. Krasinski, J. Appl. Phys. 60, 3232 (1986).
-
(1986)
J. Appl. Phys.
, vol.60
, pp. 3232
-
-
Weinberger, B.R.1
Peterson, G.G.2
Eschrich, T.C.3
Krasinski, H.A.4
-
142
-
-
0000703152
-
-
E. Yablonovitch, D. L. Allara, C. C. Chang, T. Gmitter, and T. B. Bright: Phys. Rev. Lett. 57, 249 (1986).
-
(1986)
Phys. Rev. Lett.
, vol.57
, pp. 249
-
-
Yablonovitch, E.1
Allara, D.L.2
Chang, C.C.3
Gmitter, T.4
Bright, T.B.5
-
143
-
-
0023857569
-
-
E. Y. Nishioka, E. F. Da Silva, Jr., Y. Wang, and T.-P. Ma, IEEE Trans. Electron Device Lett. EDL-9, 38 (1988).
-
(1988)
IEEE Trans. Electron Device Lett.
, vol.EDL-9
, pp. 38
-
-
Nishioka, E.Y.1
Da Silva Jr., E.F.2
Wang, Y.3
Ma, T.-P.4
-
147
-
-
0347613428
-
-
W. E. Spicer, R. Cao, K. Miyano, T. Kendelewicz, I. I. Landau, E. Weber, Z. Lilienthal-Weber, and N. Newman, Appl. Surf. Sci. 41/42, 1 (1989).
-
(1989)
Appl. Surf. Sci.
, vol.41-42
, pp. 1
-
-
Spicer, W.E.1
Cao, R.2
Miyano, K.3
Kendelewicz, T.4
Landau, I.I.5
Weber, E.6
Lilienthal-Weber, Z.7
Newman, N.8
-
149
-
-
6244222716
-
-
M. Prietsch, M. Domke, C. Laubschat, and G. Kaindl, Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 436 (1988).
-
(1988)
Phys. Rev. Lett.
, vol.60
, pp. 436
-
-
Prietsch, M.1
Domke, M.2
Laubschat, C.3
Kaindl, G.4
-
151
-
-
6244300283
-
-
C. M. Aldao, I. M. Vitomirov, G. D. Waddill, S. G. Anderson, and J. W. Weaver, Phys. Rev. B 40, 2800 (1989).
-
(1989)
Phys. Rev. B
, vol.40
, pp. 2800
-
-
Aldao, C.M.1
Vitomirov, I.M.2
Waddill, G.D.3
Anderson, S.G.4
Weaver, J.W.5
-
152
-
-
0346586811
-
-
I. M. Vitomirov, G. D. Waddill, C. M. Aldao, S. G. Anderson, C. Capasso, and J. W. Weaver, Phys. Rev. B 40, 3483 (1989).
-
(1989)
Phys. Rev. B
, vol.40
, pp. 3483
-
-
Vitomirov, I.M.1
Waddill, G.D.2
Aldao, C.M.3
Anderson, S.G.4
Capasso, C.5
Weaver, J.W.6
-
154
-
-
4243141527
-
-
M. Alonso, R. Cimino, Ch. Maierhofer, Th. Chasse, W. Braun, and K. Horn: J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 8, 955 (1990).
-
(1990)
J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B
, vol.8
, pp. 955
-
-
Alonso, M.1
Cimino, R.2
Maierhofer, Ch.3
Chasse, Th.4
Braun, W.5
Horn, K.6
-
156
-
-
85033008468
-
-
Reference 111, p. 400
-
Reference 111, p. 400.
-
-
-
-
157
-
-
0001589286
-
-
S. P. Kowalczyk, L. Ley, F. R. McFeeley, R. A. Pollak, and D. A. Shirley, Phys. Rev. B 9, 381 (1974).
-
(1974)
Phys. Rev. B
, vol.9
, pp. 381
-
-
Kowalczyk, S.P.1
Ley, L.2
McFeeley, F.R.3
Pollak, R.A.4
Shirley, D.A.5
-
160
-
-
85033016857
-
-
note
-
We only consider thicknesses above about 1 nm here because there is disagreement in the data for the thickness dependence of Δε in the very thin region (Refs. 6, 32, 37, 43, 45, 64). This is thought (Ref. 64) to be due to the difference in the oxidation atmosphere or the chemical thinning used by Grunthaner et al. (Refs. 38, 43).
-
-
-
-
165
-
-
0024036791
-
-
S. Iwata, N. Yamamoto, N. Hara, and A. Ohkawa, J. Jpn. Inst. Metals 52, 677 (1988).
-
(1988)
J. Jpn. Inst. Metals
, vol.52
, pp. 677
-
-
Iwata, S.1
Yamamoto, N.2
Hara, N.3
Ohkawa, A.4
-
166
-
-
85004397855
-
-
S. Iwata, N. Yamamoto, N. Hara, and A. Ohkawa, Mat. Trans. Jpn. Inst. Metals 30, 403 (1989).
-
(1989)
Mat. Trans. Jpn. Inst. Metals
, vol.30
, pp. 403
-
-
Iwata, S.1
Yamamoto, N.2
Hara, N.3
Ohkawa, A.4
-
173
-
-
0345986409
-
-
G. Hollinger, Y. Jugnet, P. Pertosa, and T. M. Duc, Chem. Phys. Lett. 36, 441 (1975).
-
(1975)
Chem. Phys. Lett.
, vol.36
, pp. 441
-
-
Hollinger, G.1
Jugnet, Y.2
Pertosa, P.3
Duc, T.M.4
-
176
-
-
84919167686
-
-
edited by E. M. Anastasakis and J. D. Joannopoulos World Scientific, Singapore
-
A. Oshiyama and Y. Miyamoto, Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Physical Semiconductors, Thessaloniki, Greece, edited by E. M. Anastasakis and J. D. Joannopoulos (World Scientific, Singapore, 1990), p. 87.
-
(1990)
Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Physical Semiconductors, Thessaloniki, Greece
, pp. 87
-
-
Oshiyama, A.1
Miyamoto, Y.2
-
194
-
-
85008731995
-
-
H. Tokutaka, N. Ishihara, K. Nishimori, S. Kishida, and K. Isomoto, Shinkuu 6, 547 (1991).
-
(1991)
Shinkuu
, vol.6
, pp. 547
-
-
Tokutaka, H.1
Ishihara, N.2
Nishimori, K.3
Kishida, S.4
Isomoto, K.5
-
196
-
-
85032997922
-
-
note
-
3+ oxidation states. These expressions are used for comparison with other data.
-
-
-
-
199
-
-
85033005668
-
-
note
-
For small thicknesses, the unoxidized Si intensity due to the defects constitutes only a small part of the Si (substrate) intensity. This leads to only small errors in thickness determination.
-
-
-
-
201
-
-
85033000452
-
-
Tokyo, (unpublished)
-
2 Systems, Tokyo, 1989 (unpublished), p. 55.
-
(1989)
2 Systems
, pp. 55
-
-
Sugano, T.1
-
202
-
-
0021005526
-
-
Tokyo, (unpublished)
-
N. Yamamoto, S. Iwata, N. Kobayashi, and T. Terada, Extended Abstracts of the 15th Conference Solid State Devices and Materials, Tokyo, 1983 (unpublished), p. 217.
-
(1983)
Extended Abstracts of the 15th Conference Solid State Devices and Materials
, pp. 217
-
-
Yamamoto, N.1
Iwata, S.2
Kobayashi, N.3
Terada, T.4
-
203
-
-
84987079465
-
-
edited by K. E. Bean and G. A. Rozgonyi Pennington, NJ
-
N. Yamamoto, S. Iwata, N. Kobayashi, K. Yagi, and Y. Wada, in VLSI Science and Technology, edited by K. E. Bean and G. A. Rozgonyi (Pennington, NJ, 1984), p. 361.
-
(1984)
VLSI Science and Technology
, pp. 361
-
-
Yamamoto, N.1
Iwata, S.2
Kobayashi, N.3
Yagi, K.4
Wada, Y.5
-
204
-
-
0020946690
-
-
Hawaii, (unpublished)
-
N. Kobayashi, S. Iwata, N. Yamamoto, and T. Terada, Digest of the 1983 Symposium on VLSI Technology, Hawaii, 1983 (unpublished), p. 94.
-
(1983)
Digest of the 1983 Symposium on VLSI Technology
, pp. 94
-
-
Kobayashi, N.1
Iwata, S.2
Yamamoto, N.3
Terada, T.4
-
205
-
-
0022659892
-
-
N. Yamamoto, H. Kume, S. Iwata, K. Yagi, N. Kobayashi, N. Mori, and H. Miyazaki, J. Electrochem. Soc. 133, 401 (1986).
-
(1986)
J. Electrochem. Soc.
, vol.133
, pp. 401
-
-
Yamamoto, N.1
Kume, H.2
Iwata, S.3
Yagi, K.4
Kobayashi, N.5
Mori, N.6
Miyazaki, H.7
-
206
-
-
6244243464
-
-
(unpublished)
-
N. Kobayashi, S. Iwata, N. Yamamoto, T. Mizutani, and K. Yagi, Proc. IEDM San Francisco, 1984 (unpublished), p. 122.
-
(1984)
Proc. IEDM San Francisco
, pp. 122
-
-
Kobayashi, N.1
Iwata, S.2
Yamamoto, N.3
Mizutani, T.4
Yagi, K.5
-
209
-
-
0020116936
-
-
A. K. Sinha, J. A. Cooper, Jr., and H. J. Levinstein, IEEE Electron Device Lett. EDL-3, 90 (1980).
-
(1980)
IEEE Electron Device Lett.
, vol.EDL-3
, pp. 90
-
-
Sinha, A.K.1
Cooper Jr., J.A.2
Levinstein, H.J.3
-
211
-
-
0003938188
-
-
Pergamon, Oxford
-
C. Kubaschewski and C. B. Alcock, Metallurgical Thermochemistry, 5th ed. (Pergamon, Oxford, 1979), pp. 378-384.
-
(1979)
Metallurgical Thermochemistry, 5th Ed.
, pp. 378-384
-
-
Kubaschewski, C.1
Alcock, C.B.2
-
213
-
-
0024036791
-
-
S. Iwata, N. Yamamoto, N. Hara, and A. Ookawa, J. Jpn. Inst. Metals 52, 677 (1988).
-
(1988)
J. Jpn. Inst. Metals
, vol.52
, pp. 677
-
-
Iwata, S.1
Yamamoto, N.2
Hara, N.3
Ookawa, A.4
-
214
-
-
85004397855
-
-
S. Iwata, N. Yamamoto, N. Hara, and A. Ohkawa, Met. Trans. Jpn. Inst. Metals 30, 403 (1989).
-
(1989)
Met. Trans. Jpn. Inst. Metals
, vol.30
, pp. 403
-
-
Iwata, S.1
Yamamoto, N.2
Hara, N.3
Ohkawa, A.4
-
217
-
-
0022901414
-
-
Tokyo, (unpublished)
-
N. Hara, N. Kobayashi, S. Iwata, and N. Yamamoto, Extended Abstracts of the 18th Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials, Tokyo, 1986 (unpublished), p. 499.
-
(1986)
Extended Abstracts of the 18th Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials
, pp. 499
-
-
Hara, N.1
Kobayashi, N.2
Iwata, S.3
Yamamoto, N.4
-
218
-
-
0020905657
-
-
T. Moriya, S. Shima, Y. Hazuki, M. Chiba, and K. Kashiwagi, Tech. Dig. IEDM 1983, 550.
-
(1983)
Tech. Dig. IEDM
, pp. 550
-
-
Moriya, T.1
Shima, S.2
Hazuki, Y.3
Chiba, M.4
Kashiwagi, K.5
-
219
-
-
6244307427
-
-
(unpublished)
-
T. Tamaru, S. Iwata, N. Kobayashi, and T. Tokunaga, Proceedings of the Symposium on Dry Process, 1990 (unpublished), p. 51.
-
(1990)
Proceedings of the Symposium on Dry Process
, pp. 51
-
-
Tamaru, T.1
Iwata, S.2
Kobayashi, N.3
Tokunaga, T.4
-
221
-
-
84858923336
-
-
edited by P. Balk, Elsevier, Amsterdam
-
2 Systems, edited by P. Balk, (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1988), pp. 275-283.
-
(1988)
2 Systems
, pp. 275-283
-
-
Lefevre, H.1
Schulz, M.2
-
222
-
-
85033030096
-
-
in Ref. 217
-
C. Svensson, in Ref. 217, pp. 259-262.
-
-
-
Svensson, C.1
-
224
-
-
85033023289
-
-
Reference 140, p. 228
-
Reference 140, p. 228.
-
-
-
-
225
-
-
0000527118
-
-
E. H. Snow, A. S. Grove, B. E. Deal, and C. T. Sah, J. Appl. Phys. 36, 1664 (1965).
-
(1965)
J. Appl. Phys.
, vol.36
, pp. 1664
-
-
Snow, E.H.1
Grove, A.S.2
Deal, B.E.3
Sah, C.T.4
-
227
-
-
0009309617
-
-
D. R. Kerr, J. S. Logan, P. J. Burkhardt, and W. A. Pliskin, IBM J. Res. Devel. 8, 376 (1964).
-
(1964)
IBM J. Res. Devel.
, vol.8
, pp. 376
-
-
Kerr, D.R.1
Logan, J.S.2
Burkhardt, P.J.3
Pliskin, W.A.4
-
229
-
-
85033022903
-
-
Technical Report Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, No. SSD86-173, (unpublished)
-
M. Saito, N. Yamamoto, S. Iwata, and Y. Kawamoto, Technical Report Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, No. SSD86-173, 1987 (unpublished), p. 23.
-
(1987)
, pp. 23
-
-
Saito, M.1
Yamamoto, N.2
Iwata, S.3
Kawamoto, Y.4
-
231
-
-
85033004460
-
-
in Ref. 218
-
C. Svensson, in Ref. 218, p. 242.
-
-
-
Svensson, C.1
-
232
-
-
0025465148
-
-
Y. Ohji, Y. Nishioka, K. Yokogawa, K. Mukai, Q. Qiu, E. Arai, and T. Sugano, IEEE Trans. Electron Devices ED-37, 1635 (1990).
-
(1990)
IEEE Trans. Electron Devices
, vol.ED-37
, pp. 1635
-
-
Ohji, Y.1
Nishioka, Y.2
Yokogawa, K.3
Mukai, K.4
Qiu, Q.5
Arai, E.6
Sugano, T.7
-
235
-
-
0015207089
-
-
E. H. Nicollian, C. N. Berglund, P. F. Schmidt, and J. M. Andrews, J. Appl. Phys. 42, 5654 (1971).
-
(1971)
J. Appl. Phys.
, vol.42
, pp. 5654
-
-
Nicollian, E.H.1
Berglund, C.N.2
Schmidt, P.F.3
Andrews, J.M.4
-
236
-
-
85033008183
-
-
in Ref. 218
-
C. Svensson, in Ref. 218, pp. 255-259.
-
-
-
Svensson, C.1
-
237
-
-
0018062167
-
-
edited by S. T. Pantelides Pergamon, New York
-
2 and its Interfaces, edited by S. T. Pantelides (Pergamon, New York, 1978), p. 160.
-
(1978)
2 and Its Interfaces
, pp. 160
-
-
DiMaria, D.J.1
-
238
-
-
85032998848
-
-
in Ref. 218
-
C. Svensson, in Ref. 218, pp. 279-88.
-
-
-
Svensson, C.1
-
239
-
-
85033000662
-
-
in Ref. 25
-
E. Takeda, in Ref. 25, p. 75.
-
-
-
Takeda, E.1
-
247
-
-
85033018240
-
-
Reference 140, p. 110
-
Reference 140, p. 110.
-
-
-
-
248
-
-
85032997140
-
-
note
-
K(t) or the chemical shift is measured. Two examples are shown in Table XV.
-
-
-
-
249
-
-
85033020292
-
-
in Ref. 218
-
C. Svensson, in Ref. 218, pp. 228-231.
-
-
-
Svensson, C.1
-
250
-
-
85033024849
-
-
note
-
These are thought to be valence-band holes. It is possible that high-energy holes are directly captured by the traps, but because of their high energy, the capturing cross section is probably small.
-
-
-
-
251
-
-
85033014087
-
-
in Ref. 218
-
C. Svensson, in Ref. 218, p. 245.
-
-
-
Svensson, C.1
-
252
-
-
85033014684
-
-
note
-
The value of τ might be thought to be smaller for thinner insulator films because it would seem to be easier for the accumulated charges to escape by tunneling because of the proximity of the surface and interface in thin films.
-
-
-
-
253
-
-
0017960299
-
-
This might be the reason for the high breakdown fields of thin oxides: E. Harari, J. Appl. Phys. 49, 2478 (1978).
-
(1978)
J. Appl. Phys.
, vol.49
, pp. 2478
-
-
Harari, E.1
-
254
-
-
85033000806
-
-
note
-
The same form of the thickness dependence is obtained if e is assumed to be proportional to the capture coefficient as in Eq. (51).
-
-
-
-
255
-
-
0018064674
-
-
M. Bakowski, R. H. Cockram, N. Zamani, J. Maserjian, and C. R. Viswanathan, IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. NS-25, 1233 (1978).
-
(1978)
IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
, vol.NS-25
, pp. 1233
-
-
Bakowski, M.1
Cockram, R.H.2
Zamani, N.3
Maserjian, J.4
Viswanathan, C.R.5
-
256
-
-
0021517669
-
-
C. Munakata, S. Nishimatu, N. Honma, and K. Yagi, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 23, 1451 (1984).
-
(1984)
Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.
, vol.23
, pp. 1451
-
-
Munakata, C.1
Nishimatu, S.2
Honma, N.3
Yagi, K.4
-
275
-
-
0020143228
-
-
Similar to the effect considered by Hamasaki as being due to fixed oxide charges [S. Hamasaki, Solid-State Electron. 25, 479 (1982)].
-
(1982)
Solid-State Electron.
, vol.25
, pp. 479
-
-
Hamasaki, S.1
-
276
-
-
85033006769
-
-
note
-
2/Si system.
-
-
-
-
285
-
-
0029255883
-
-
T. Aiba, K. Yamauchi, Y. Shimizu, N. Tate, M. Katayama, and T. Hattori, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 34, 707 (1995).
-
(1995)
Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.
, vol.34
, pp. 707
-
-
Aiba, T.1
Yamauchi, K.2
Shimizu, Y.3
Tate, N.4
Katayama, M.5
Hattori, T.6
-
286
-
-
6244258545
-
-
Ph.D. thesis, K. U. Leuven
-
G. Schols, Ph.D. thesis, K. U. Leuven, 1981.
-
(1981)
-
-
Schols, G.1
-
287
-
-
85033030637
-
-
note
-
This appendix came to be written as a result of discussions with S. Kamohara.
-
-
-
|