Thermal lag, fusion, and the compensation effect during biomass pyrolysis

Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research

Volumn 35, Issue 5, 1996, Pages 1711-1721

  Narayan, Ravi ^a   Antal Jr , Michael Jerry ^a  

^a University of Hawaii at Manoa   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACTIVATION ENERGY; ALGEBRA; BOUNDARY LAYERS; CELLULOSE; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; MELTING; PYROLYSIS; REACTION KINETICS; THERMAL EFFECTS; THERMOCOUPLES; THERMOGRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS;

ARRHENIUS KINETICS; BIOMASS FUSION; BIOMASS PYROLYSIS; THERMAL LAG;

BIOMASS;

EID: 0030150601     PISSN: 08885885     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ie950368i     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. Agrawal, R. K. Compensation Effect in the Pyrolysis of Cellulosic Materials. Thermochim. Acta 1985, 90, 347-351.
2. Akita, K. Rep. Fire Res. Inst. Jpn. 1959, 9, 1-44.
3. Alves, S. S.; Figueiredo, J. L. A Model for Pyrolysis of Wet Wood. Chem. Eng. Sci. 1989, 44, 2861-2869.
4. Antal, M. J. Biomass Pyrolysis: A Review of the Literature. Part II. Lignocellulose Pyrolysis. In Advances in Solar Energy; Boer, K. W., Duffie, J. A., Eds.; American Solar Energy Society: New York, 1985; pp 175-255.
5. Antal, M. J.; Varhegyi, G. Cellulose Pyrolysis Kinetics: the Current State of Knowledge. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1995, 34, 703-717.
6. Antal, M. J.; Friedman, H. L.; Rogers, F. E. Kinetics of Cellulose Pyrolysis in Nitrogen and Steam. Combust. Sci. Technol. 1980, 21, 141-152.
7. Antal, M. J.; Mok, W. S. L.; Roy, J. C.; Raissi, A. T. Pyrolytic Sources of Hydrocarbons from Biomass. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis 1985, 8, 291-303.
8. Bamford, C. H.; Crank, J.; Malan, D. H. Combustion of Wood. Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 1945, 42, 166.
9. Benedict, R. P. Fundamentals of Temperature, Pressure, and Flow Measurements, 3rd ed.; John Wiley: New York, 1984.
10. Bennini, S.; Castillo, S.; Traverse, J. P. Effects of an Intense Thermal Flux on a Lignocellulosic Material. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis 1991, 21, 305-314.
11. Berkowitz-Mattuck, J. B.; Noguchi, J. B. Pyrolysis of Untreated and APO-THPC-Treated Cotton Cellulose During One-Second Exposure to Radiant Flux Levels of 5-25 cal./sq. cm.-sec. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1963, 7, 709-725.
12. Bilbao, R.; Arauzo, J.; Millera, A. Kinetics of Thermal Decomposition of Cellulose. Part I. Thermochim. Acta 1987a, 120, 121-131.
13. Bilbao, R.; Arauzo, J.; Millera, A. Kinetics of Thermal Decomposition of Cellulose. Part II. Thermochim. Acta 1987b, 120, 133-141.
14. Bilbao, R.; Millera, A.; Arauzo, J. Kinetics of Weight Loss by Thermal Decomposition of Xylan and Lignin. Thermochim. Acta 1989a, 143, 137-148.
15. Bilbao, R.; Millera, A.; Arauzo, J. Thermal Decomposition of Lignocellulosic Materials: Influence of the Chemical Composition. Thermochim. Acta 1989b, 143, 149-159.
16. Bilbao, R.; Murillo, M. B.; Millera, A.; Arauzo, J.; Caleya, J. M. Thermal Decomposition of a Wood Particle. Thermochim. Acta 1992, 197, 431-442.
17. Bradbury, A. G. W.; Sakai, Y.; Shafizadeh, F. A Kinetic Model for Pyrolysis of Cellulose. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1979, 23, 3271-3280.
18. Capart, R.; Falk, L.; Gelus, M. Pyrolysis of Wood Macrocylinders under Pressure: Application of a Simple Mathematical Model. Appl. Energy 1988, 30, 1-13.
19. Chan, R. W. C.; Kelbon, M.; Krieger, B. B. Product Formation in the Pyrolysis of Large Wood Particles. In Fundamentals of Thermochemical Biomass Conversion; Overend, R. P., Milne, T. A., Mudge, L. K., Eds.; Elsevier: London, 1985, pp 219-236.
20. Chan, R. W. C.; Kelbon, M.; Krieger-Brockett, B. B. Single-Particle Biomass Pyrolysis: Correlations of Reaction Products with Process Conditions. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1988, 27, 2261-2275.
21. Chornet, E.; Roy, C. Compensation Effect in the Thermal Decomposition of Cellulosic Materials. Thermochim. Acta 1980, 389-393.
22. Curtis, L. J.; Miller, D. J. Transport Model with Radiative Heat Transfer for Rapid Cellulose Pyrolysis. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1988, 27, 1775-1783.
23. Diebold, J. P. Proceedings of Specialists Workshop on Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass, Solar Energy Research Institute, Golden, CO, 1980; SERI/CP-622-1096, p 237.
24. Diebold, J. P.; Scahill, J. Ablative Pyrolysis of Biomass in Solid-Convective Heat Transfer Environments. In Fundamentals of Thermochemical Biomass Conversion; Overend, R. P., Milne, T. A., Mudge, L. K., Eds.; Elsevier: London, 1985; pp 539-555.
25. Essenhigh, R. H.; Misra, M. Autocorrelations of Kinetic Parameters in Coal and Char Reactions. Energy Fuels 1990, 4, 171-177.
26. Funazukuri, T.; Hudgins, R. R.; Silveston, P. L. Product Distribution in Pyrolysis of Cellulose in a Microfluidized Bed. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis 1986, 9, 139-158.
27. Hajaligol, M. R.; Peters, W. A.; Howard, J. B. Intraparticle Nonisothermalities in Coal Pyrolysis. Energy Fuels 1988, 2, 430-437.
28. Kansa, E. J.; Perlee, H. E.; Chaiken, R. F. Mathematical Model of Wood Pyrolysis Including Internal Forced Convection. Combust. Flame 1977, 29, 311-324.
29. Kothari, V.; Antal, M. J. Numerical Studies of the Flash Pyrolysis of Cellulose. Fuel 1985, 64, 1487-1494.
30. Kung, H.-C. A Mathematical Model of Wood Pyrolysis. Comb. Flame 1972, 18, 185-195.
31. Kung, H.-C.; Kalelkar, A. S. On the Heat of Reaction in Wood Pyrolysis. Combust. Flame 1973, 20, 91-103.
32. Lédé, J. Reaction Temperature of Solid Particles Undergoing an Endothermal Volatilization. Biomass Bioenergy 1994, 7, 49-60.
33. Lédé, J. Influence of the Heating Conditions on the Thermal and Chemical Behaviour of Solid Particles Undergoing a Fast Endothermic Decomposition. J. Therm. Anal. 1995, in press.
34. Lédé, J.; Villermaux, J. Comportement thermique et chimique de particules solides subissant une reaction de decomposition endothermique sous l'action d'un flux de chaleur externe. Can. J. Chem. Eng. 1993, 71, 209-214.
35. Lédé, J.; Panagopoulos, J.; Li, H. Z.; Villermaux, J. Fast Pyrolysis of Wood: Direct Measurement and Study of Ablation Rate. Fuel 1985, 64, 1514-1520.
36. Lédé, J.; Li, H. Z.; Villermaux, J. Fusion-Like Behaviour of Wood Pyrolysis. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis 1987, 10, 291-308.
37. Lédé, J.; Li, H. Z.; Villermaux, J. Pyrolysis of Biomass: Evidence for a Fusion-like Phenomenon, in Pyrolysis Oils from Biomass; Soltes, E. J., Milne, T. A., Eds.; ACS Symposium Series 376, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1988, pp 66-78.
38. Lédé, J.; Li, H. Z.; Soulignac, F.; Villermaux, J. Le cyclone reacteur IV. Chem. Eng. J. 1992a, 48, 83-99.
39. Lédé, J.; Li, H. Z.; Villermaux, J. Le cyclone: Un reacteur chimique. Can. J. Chem. Eng. 1992b, 70, 1132-1142.
40. Lee, C.; Chaiken, R. F.; Singer, J. M. Sixteenth Symposium (International) on Combustion, The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, 1976.
41. Levenspiel, O. Engineering Flow and Heat Exchange; Plenum Press: New York, 1984; p 200.
42. Lewellen, P. C.; Peters, W. A.; Howard, J. B. Cellulose Pyrolysis Kinetics and Char Formation Mechanism. Sixteenth Symposium (International) on Combustion, Cambridge, MA, 1976.
43. Lincoln, K. A. Flash Pyrolysis of Solid Fuel Materials by Thermal Radiation. Pyrodynamics 1965, 2, 133-143.
44. Martin, S. Diffusion Controlled Ignition of Cellulosic Materials by Intense Radiation. Tenth Symposium (International) on Combustion, Cambridge, MA, 1964.
45. Martin, H.; Lédé, J.; Li, H. Z.; Villermaux, J.; Moyne, C.; Degiovanni, A. Ablative Melting of a Solid Cylinder Perpendicularly Pressed Against a Heated Wall. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1986, 29, 1407-1415.
46. Misra, M. K.; Essenhigh, R. H. Release of Volatiles from Pyrolyzing Coal Particles: Relative Roles of Kinetics, Heat Transfer, and Diffusion. Energy Fuels 1988, 2, 371-385.
47. Mok, W. S.; Antal, M. J. Effects of Pressure on Biomass Pyrolysis. II. Heats of Reaction of Cellulose Pyrolysis. Thermochim. Acta 1983, 68, 165-186.
48. Mok, W. S. L.; Antal, M. J.; Szabo, P.; Varhegyi, G.; Zelei, B. Formation of Charcoal from Biomass in a Sealed Reactor. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1992, 31, 1162-1166.
49. Pokol, G.; Varhegyi, G. Kinetic Aspects of Thermal Analysis. CRC Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem. 1988, 19, 65-93.
50. Pyle, D. L.; Zaror, C. A. Heat Transfer and Kinetics In The Low Temperature Pyrolysis Of Solids. Chem. Eng. Sci. 1984, 39, 147-158.
51. Radlein, D.; Piskorz, J.; Scott, D. S. Fast Pyrolysis of Natural Polysaccharides as a Potential Industrial Process. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis 1991, 19, 41-63.
52. Roberts, A. F. Combust. Flame 1970, 14, 261-272.
53. Roberts, A. F.; Clough, G. Ninth Symposium (International) on Combustion, The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, 1963; p 158.
54. Russel, W. B.; Saville, D. A.; Greene, M. I. A Model for Short Residence Time Hydropyrolysis of Single Coal Particles. AIChE J. 1979, 25, 65-80.
55. Simmons, G. M.; Gentry, M. Particle Size Limitations Due to Heat Transfer in Determining Pyrolysis Kinetics of Biomass. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis 1986, 10, 117-127.
56. Sprouse, K. M. Modeling Pulverized Coal Conversion in Entrained Flows. AIChE J. 1980, 26, 964-975.
57. Tang, W. K.; Neill, W. K. Effect of Flame Retardants on Pyrolysis and Combustion of Alpha Cellulose. J. Polym. Sci. Part C, 1964, 6, 65-81.
58. Tinney, E. R. Tenth Symposium (International) on Combustion, The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, 1963; p 925.
59. Van der Kaaden, A.; Hoogerbrugge, R.; Kisteemaker, P. G. Effect of Sample Layer Thickness and Temperature Rise Time on the Pyrolysis Temperature of Cellulose. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis 1986, 9, 267-279.
60. Van Wylen, G. J.; Sonntag, R. E. Fundamentals of Classical Thermodynamics. John Wiley: New York, 1985.
61. Varhegyi, G.; Antal, M. J.; Szekely, T.; Szabo, P. Kinetics of the Thermal Decomposition of Cellulose, Hemicellulose, and Sugarcane Bagasse. Energy Fuels 1989, 3, 329-335.
62. Varhegyi, G.; Szabo, P.; Mok, W. S. L.; Antal, M. J. Kinetics of the Thermal Decomposition of Cellulose in Sealed Vessels at Elevated Pressures. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis 1993, 26, 159-174.
63. Varhegyi, G.; Jacab, E.; Antal, M. J. Is the Broido-Shafizadeh Model for Cellulose Pyrolysis True? Energy Fuels 1994, 8, 1345-1352.
64. Villermaux, J.; Antoine, B. Pyrolyse-Eclair de Solides Divises Dans Un Reacteur Continu. Rev. Gen. Therm. 1980, 227, 851-860.
65. Villermaux, J.; Antoine, B.; Lédé, J.; Soulignac, F. A New Model for Thermal Volatilization of Solid Particles Undergoing Fast Pyrolysis. Chem. Eng. Sci. 1986, 41, 151-157.