Handling Small Arbovirus Vectors Safely during Biosafety Level 3 Containment: Culicoides variipennis sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) and Exotic Bluetongue Viruses

Journal of Medical Entomology

Volumn 33, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 271-277

  Hunt, Gregg J ^a   Tabachnick, Walter J ^a  

^a USDA ARS   (United States)

Author keywords

Biocontainment; Culicoides variipennis sonorensis; Equipment; Exotic bluetongue viruses; Procedures

Indexed keywords

ARBOVIRUS; ARTHROPODA; BLUETONGUE VIRUS; CERATOPOGONIDAE; CULICOIDES SONORENSIS; CULICOIDES VARIIPENNIS; DIPTERA; HEXAPODA; INSECTA; OVIS ARIES;

ANIMAL; ARBOVIRUS; BLUETONGUE ORBIVIRUS; CERATOPOGONIDAE; DISEASE CARRIER; HAZARDOUS WASTE; REVIEW; VIROLOGY;

ANIMALS; ARBOVIRUSES; BLUETONGUE VIRUS; CERATOPOGONIDAE; CONTAINMENT OF BIOHAZARDS; INSECT VECTORS;

EID: 0030140106     PISSN: 00222585     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/jmedent/33.3.271     Document Type: Article

References (17)

1. Akey, D. H. 1982. Lethality of ozone for the biting gnat, Culicoides variipennis: fumigation of a biological safety cabinet for arbovirus research. J. Econ. Entomol. 75: 387-392.
2. Barbeito, M. S., G. Abraham, M. Best, P. Cairns, P. Langevin, W. G. Sterritt, D. Barr, W. Meulepas, J. M. Sanchez-Vizcaino, M. Saraza, E. Requena, M. Collado, P. Mani, R. Breeze, H. Brunner, C. A. Mebus, R. L. Morgan, S. Rusk, L. M. Siegfried, and L. H. Thompson. 1995. Recommended biocontainment features for research and diagnostic facilities where animal pathogens are used. Office International des Epizooties, Scientific and Technical Review 14: 873-887.
3. Gibbs, E.P.J., and E. C. Greiner. 1988. Bluetongue and epizootic hemorrhagic disease, pp. 39-70. In T. P. Monath [ed.], The arboviruses: epidemiology and ecology, vol. 2. CRC, Boca Raton, FL.
4. Higgs, S., and B. J. Beaty. 1996. Rearing and containment of mosquito vectors, pp. 595-605. In B. J. Beaty and W. C. Marquardt [eds.], The biology of disease vectors. University Press of Colorado, Niwot, CO (in press).
5. Holbrook, F. R. 1988. Bluetongue in the United States: status, transmission, and control through vector suppression. Bull. Soc. Vector Ecol. 13: 350-353.
6. Hunt, G. J. 1994. A procedural manual for the large-scale rearing of the biting midge, Culicoides variipennis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv. ARS-121.
7. Hunt, G. J., and C. N. McKinnon. 1990. Evaluation of membranes for feeding Culicoides variipennis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) with an improved artificial blood-feeding apparatus. J. Med. Entomol. 27: 934-937.
8. Hunt, G. J., W. J. Tabachnick, and C. N. McKinnon. 1989. Environmental factors affecting mortality of adult Culicoides variipennis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in the laboratory. J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. 5: 387-391.
9. Jones, R. H. 1960. Mass-production methods for the colonization of Culicoides variipennis sonorensis. J. Econ. Entomol. 53: 731-735.
10. 1966. Some procedures and related equipment for disease-transmission research with Culicoides. Mosq. News 27: 179-184.
11. Jones, R. H., and N. M. Foster. 1971. Transovarian transmission of bluetongue virus unlikely for Culicoides variipennis. Mosq. News 31: 434-437.
12. 1978. Relevance of laboratory colonies of the vector in arbovirus research - Culicoides variipennis and bluetongue. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 27: 168-177.
13. Nunamaker, R. N., P. J. Sieburth, V. C. Dean, J. G. Wigington, C. E. Nunamaker, and J. O. Mecham. 1990. Absence of transovarial transmission of bluetongue virus in Culicoides variipennis: immunogold labelling of bluetongue virus antigen in developing oocytes from Culicoides variipennis (Coquillett). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 96: 19-31.
14. Subcommittee on Arbovirus Laboratory Safety of the American Committee on Arthropod-Borne Viruses. 1980. Laboratory safety for arboviruses and certain other viruses of vertebrates. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 29: 1359-1381.
15. Tabachnick, W. J., and F. R. Holbrook. 1992. The Culicoides variipennis complex and the distribution of bluetongue viruses in the United States, pp. 207-212. Proceedings, 96th Annual Meeting of the U.S. Animal Health Association. Carter, Richmond, VA.
16. [USDA] U.S. Department of Agriculture. 1991. Construction project design standards. ARS Manual 242.1. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
17. [USDHHS] U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 1993. Biosafety in microbiological and biomedical laboratories. HHS Publication No. (NIH) 93-8395. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.