Risk compensation: Implications for safety interventions

Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes

Volumn 66, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 73-88

  Stetzer, Adam ^a   Hofmann, David A ^a  

^a PURDUE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0030119937     PISSN: 07495978     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/obhd.1996.0039     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Arnold, H. J. (1981). A test of the validity of the multiplicative hypothesis of expectancy-valence theories of work motivation. Academy of Management Journal, 24, 128-141.
2. Cole, G. A., & Withey, S. B. (1982). The risk of aggregation. Risk Analysis, 2, 243-247.
3. Cownie, A. R. (1970). An operational game for the study of decision making in hazardous activity. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 2, 95-108.
4. Evans, L. (1985). Human behavior feedback and traffic safety. Human Factors, 27, 555-576.
5. Evans, L. (1986a). Risk homeostasis theory and traffic accident data. Risk Analysis, 6, 81-94.
6. Evans, L. (1986b). Comments on Wilde's notes on 'Risk homeostasis theory and traffic accident data. Risk Analysis, 6, 103-107.
7. Feather, N. T. (Ed.) (1982). Expectations and actions: Expectancy-Value models in psychology. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
8. Graham, J. D. (1982). On Wilde's theory of risk homeostasis. Risk Analysis, 2, 235-237.
9. Hofmann, D. A., Jacobs, R., & Barratta, J. E. (1993). Dynamic criteria and the measurement of change. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 194-204.
10. Hofmann, D. A., Jacobs, R. & Gerras, S. J. (1992). Mapping individual performance over time. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77, 185-195.
11. Jackson, J. S. H., & Blackman, R. (1994). A driving simulator test of Wilde's Risk Homeostasis Theory. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79, 950-958.
12. Kopelman, R. E. (1977). Across-individual, within-individual and return on effort versions of expectancy theory. Decision Sciences, 8, 651-662.
13. MacGregor, D. B., & Slovic, P. (1989). Perceptions of risk in automobile systems. Human Factors, 31, 377-389.
14. McKenna, F. (1982). The human factor in driving accidents. Ergonomics, 25, 867-877.
15. McKenna, F. (1985a). Do safety measures really work? An examination of risk homeostasis theory. Ergonomics, 28, 1539-1541.
16. McKenna, F. (1985b). Evidence and assumptions relevant to risk homeostasis. Ergonomics, 28, 1539-1541.
17. Orr, L. (1982). Goals, risks and choices. Risk Analysis, 2, 239-242.
18. Ostroff, C. (1993). The effects of climate and personal influences on individual behavior and attitudes in organizations. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 56, 56-90.
19. Reason, J. (1990). Human error. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.
20. Reason, J., Manstead, A., Stradling, S., Baxter, J., Campbell, K. (1990). Errors and violations on the roads: Areal distinction. Ergonomics, 33, 1315-1332.
21. Roberts, K. H., Hulin, C. L., & Rousseau, D. M. (1978). Developing an interdisciplinary science of organizations. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
22. Roberts, K. H., & Sloane, S. B. (1988). An aggregation problem and organizational effectiveness. In F. D. Schoorman and B. Schneider (Eds.), Facilitating work effectiveness (pp. 125-144). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
23. Robinson, W. S. (1950). Ecological correlations and the behavior of individuals. American Sociological Review, 15, 351-357.
24. Rousseau, D. M. (1985). Issues of level in organizational research: Multilevel and crosslevel perspectives. In L. L. Cummings & B. M. Staw (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior (pp. 1-38). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
25. Siegel, S. (1956). Nonparametric statistics for the social behavioral sciences. New York: McGraw-Hill.
26. Slovic, P., & Fischhoff, B. (1982). Targeting risks. Risk Analysis, 2, 227-234.
27. Streff, F. M., & Geller, E. S. (1988). An experimental test of risk compensation: Between subject versus within-subject analysis. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 20, 277-287.
28. Tränkle, U., & Gelau, C. (1992). Maximization of subjective expected utility or risk control? Experimental tests of risk homeostasis theory. Ergonomics, 35, 7-23.
29. Turrisi, R., & Jaccard, J. (1991). Judgment processes relevant to drunk driving. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 21, 89-118.
30. Veling, I. H. A. (1984). A laboratory test of the constant risk hypothesis. Acta Psychologica, 55, 281-294.
31. West, R., French, D., Kemp, R., & Elander, J. (1993). Direct observation of driving, self reports of driver behavior, and accident involvement. Ergonomics, 36, 557-567.
32. Wilde, G. J. S. (1982a). The theory of risk homeostasis: Implications for safety and health. Risk Analysis, 2, 209-258.
33. Wilde, G. J. S. (1982b). Critical issues in risk homeostasis theory. Risk Analysis, 2, 249-258.
34. Wilde, G. J. S. (1984). Evidence refuting risk homeostasis theory? A rejoinder to Frank P. McKenna. Ergonomics, 27, 297-304.
35. Wilde, G. J. S. (1985). Assumptions necessary and unnecessary to risk homeostasis. Ergonomics, 28, 1531-1538.
36. Wilde, G. J. S. (1986). Notes on the interpretation of traffic accident data and of risk homeostasis: A reply to L. Evans. Risk Analysis, 6, 95-101.
37. Wilde, G. J. S. (1988). Risk homeostasis theory and traffic accidents: Propositions, deductions, and discussion of dissension in recent reactions. Ergonomics, 31, 441-468.